Gardens from the first decades of the 20th century are often described as seen from a sublime ownership perspective. It may be artists, authors or some other intellectuals, they are all attributed as creators of the referred estate. As far as practically oriented gardeners, constructors or garden consultants are mentioned, they are consequently seen as the mere instruments for carrying out the intentions of the actual owners. Referring to those circumstances it is however well worth notifying that all properties, and in particular the gardens belonging to it, are submitted to a constant change. For anyone acquainted with garden work, it is quite obvious that the gardens vitality is closely related to the ongoing design process, by which form and content are created and re-created.

After emergencies involving chemical spills it is of great importance that correct measures are taken with short notice, both for the security of people and in order to minimize future environmental consequences. The RIB-unit at the Swedish Rescue Services Agency initiated this study, the aim of which is to propose changes to the existing chemical transport calculation tool: Chemical Spill 3.4, included in RIB - Integrated Decision Support for Civil Protection, so that it can be used for decision support as well as in preventive work. A rough estimation of chemical transport in the subsurface is considered being of great importance when making decisions during emergency response operations.The proposition presented in this report is a non site specific chemical transport model which is designed to give a rough estimation of NAPL flow in homogenous isotropic soil shortly after an instantaneous release. The model can be used at two levels; both in situations without access to information on subsurface properties, and with more accuracy in situations with knowledge of the included parameters. For that reason the user can choose among predefined alternatives or assign the parameters a numeric value to increase the quality of the model output.

Ett lantbruksföretags förutsÀttningar ser lite olika ut beroende av vilken del av vÀrlden man vÀljer att studera. Om vi ser till det svenska lantbruket har det förÀndrats frÄn en reglerad marknad dÀr kooperations stÀllning var vÀldigt stark, för att sedan avregleras och slutligen Äter regleras nÀr Sverige blev medlem av den europeiska unionen. MÄnga fick ett klart besked hösten 2007 hur beroende vi Àr av andra lÀnders skörderesultat. Det har utmynnat i att allt fler ser sig utanför det egna landet för att utbyta erfarenheter och för att fÄ ny input och nya idéer till den egna verksamheten.GÄrdsrÄd innebÀr att företagaren bildar en samrÄdsgrupp tillsammans med de rÄdgivare och/eller andra intressenter kring företaget. Banken kan vara en intressent som Àr involverad i företaget men kan vara mindre aktiv i gruppen Àn vad t.ex.

Verkliga vÀrden uppges ofta vara relevanta i och med att de avspeglar aktuella hÀndelser, men dÀremot ifrÄgasÀtts deras tillförlitlighet. Framförallt för sÄdana verkliga vÀrden som kategoriseras inom nivÄ tre av den vÀrderingshierarki som finns i redovisningsstandarden IFRS 13. VÀrdering av sÄdana tillgÄngar genomförs med avsaknad av marknadsdata frÄn en aktiv marknad. Input till vÀrderingsmodellerna Àr dÄ ofta företagets egna antaganden och bedömningar av framtida hÀndelser kopplat till tillgÄngen dÀr utfallet vid vÀrderingstidpunkten i högsta grad Àr osÀkert. Det uppkommer dÄ en inneboende osÀkerhet över utfallet av de antaganden och bedömningar som görs, en inneboende osÀkerhet som Àven riskerar medföra vinklade vÀrderingar frÄn framstÀllarna av de verkliga vÀrdena.

In Sweden today many municipalities and sport clubs chooses to build artificial turfs becauseof the increased period of using the turfs during the year and less maintenance requirementsthan for natural grass fields. What could be problematic with artificial turfs is the rubbergranules used as infill material in the turf matt. The rubber granules are often made fromrecycled tires, which may contain for the human health and the environment, harmful substances.This was the reason why the Swedish Chemicals Agency commissioned a statusreport in 2006 which, among other things, concluded that the environmental and health risksassociated with granules made from recycled tiers in artificial turf fields were small, but thatthere could be a local environmental hazard. The purpose and objective of the risk assessmentwas to identify how artificial turf plans granules can affect recipients in the area closeto the pitches and provide input to reduce the spread of metals and substances harmful forboth human health and the surrounding environment. The work was divided into three parts:(1) the construction of artificial turf pitches and their material content, the spread of granulatesoutside the fields and disposal of artificial turf pitches.

A distributed hydrological rainfall-runoff model has been developed using a GIS integrated with a dynamic programming module (PCRaster). The model has been developed within the framework of the EU-project TWINBAS at IVL Swedish Environmental Research Institute, and is intended for use in WATSHMAN ? a tool for watershed management developed at IVL. The model simulates runoff from a catchment based on daily mean values of temperature and precipitation. The GIS input data consist of maps with soil type, land-use, lakes, rivers and a digital elevation model.

The purpose of this study is to create a method that can be used to produce decisionsupport data for the climate goals of a municipality. The method should be able to demonstrate the potential for reducing energy use and greenhouse gas emissions for measures aimed at the stationary energy system in the municipality. It will be used to make longterm projections of energy use and greenhouse gas emissions in order to be able to demonstrate the ability to reach climate goals. The aim was also to test the method's applicability by using the municipality of Uppsala and the Uppsala climate protocol project in a case study. Uppsala climate protocol is a project consisting of participants from business, government and organizations that voluntarily want to commit to reducing their carbon footprint by reducing their energy use and thus work to achieve the municipality's overall climate goal. Public reporting of energy use and climate impact has been studied in order to examine the nature of indicators and accounting figures that are commonly used in the field and how long-term forecasts are formulated. In connection to this, the type and sources for the kind of data needed was also examined.

The purpose of this thesis work is to formulate a model with methods that describe key success factors to get understanding and awareness in organizational change projects. We have used a project within the township of Gothenburg as a case and connected to this single project the purpose is to identify key success factors to get understanding and awareness among employees within the township of Gothenburg. We hope that our result will be useful in other large organizational change projects. Theoretic basis for our study have been models and methods, while our purpose have been to construct a model with suitable methods for anchoring. Theories about coaching and process management are examples of methods to get understanding and awareness among employees in change projects.

Syfte: Syftet med undersökningen Àr att belysa nÄgra pedagogers arbete kring elever i behov av stöd i matematik genom att de deltagande pedagogerna reflekterar över den egna praktiken samt ser nya möjligheter med hjÀlp av teori om och erfarenhetsutbyte kring arbetssÀtt och metoder. Följande frÄgestÀllningar har fokuserats i studien. 1) Vilket tillvÀgagÄngssÀtt tillÀmpar pedagogerna för att utveckla det matematiska lÀrandet för elever i behov av extra stöd?2) Vilka arbetsÀtt och arbetsformer ses som framgÄngsrika i arbetet med elevers svÄrigheter i matematik?3) Hur ser pedagogerna pÄ ny input och kompetensutveckling som framgÄngsfaktorer för att nÄ bÀttre resultat med eleverna? Teori: Som teoretisk bakgrund har det sociokulturellt perspektiv anvÀnds dÀr grundtanken för lÀrandet Àr att detta sker i kommunikativa möten mellan individer i ett socialt sammanhang. Det kan likvÀl handla om elevers möten med lÀrare som möten mellan elever eller mellan lÀrare.

The purpose of this study is to create a method that can be used to produce decision supportdata for the climate goals of a municipality. The method should be able to demonstrate the potential for reducing energy use and greenhouse gas emissions for measures aimed at the stationary energy system in the municipality. It will be used to make long term projections of energy use and greenhouse gas emissions in order to be able to demonstrate the ability to reach climate goals. The aim was also to test the method's applicability by using the municipality of Uppsala and the Uppsala climate protocol project in a case study. Uppsala climate protocol is a project consisting of participants from business, government and organizations that voluntarily want to commit to reducing their carbon footprint by reducing their energy use and thus work to achieve the municipality's overall climate goal.

Verkliga vÀrden uppges ofta vara relevanta i och med att de avspeglar aktuella hÀndelser, men dÀremot ifrÄgasÀtts deras tillförlitlighet. Framförallt för sÄdana verkliga vÀrden som kategoriseras inom nivÄ tre av den vÀrderingshierarki som finns i redovisningsstandarden IFRS 13. VÀrdering av sÄdana tillgÄngar genomförs med avsaknad av marknadsdata frÄn en aktiv marknad. Input till vÀrderingsmodellerna Àr dÄ ofta företagets egna antaganden och bedömningar av framtida hÀndelser kopplat till tillgÄngen dÀr utfallet vid vÀrderingstidpunkten i högsta grad Àr osÀkert. Det uppkommer dÄ en inneboende osÀkerhet över utfallet av de antaganden och bedömningar som görs, en inneboende osÀkerhet som Àven riskerar medföra vinklade vÀrderingar frÄn framstÀllarna av de verkliga vÀrdena.

This report is the result of an investigation of the possibility to use RFID-technology in a producing company. The investigation is focused on a flow between the company?s producing subsidiary company in Lithuania and its main facility in Sweden.RFID is the abbreviation for radiofrequency identification. The RFID-technology forms the base of a system with wireless information transmission between an object to which a transponder, also called tag, has been attached and a reader. The information is transmitted by radio waves and the system is equipped with software that can digitalise the radio waves.

Verkliga vÀrden uppges ofta vara relevanta i och med att de avspeglar aktuella hÀndelser, men dÀremot ifrÄgasÀtts deras tillförlitlighet. Framförallt för sÄdana verkliga vÀrden som kategoriseras inom nivÄ tre av den vÀrderingshierarki som finns i redovisningsstandarden IFRS 13. VÀrdering av sÄdana tillgÄngar genomförs med avsaknad av marknadsdata frÄn en aktiv marknad. Input till vÀrderingsmodellerna Àr dÄ ofta företagets egna antaganden och bedömningar av framtida hÀndelser kopplat till tillgÄngen dÀr utfallet vid vÀrderingstidpunkten i högsta grad Àr osÀkert. Det uppkommer dÄ en inneboende osÀkerhet över utfallet av de antaganden och bedömningar som görs, en inneboende osÀkerhet som Àven riskerar medföra vinklade vÀrderingar frÄn framstÀllarna av de verkliga vÀrdena.

En viss grad av stress Àr nödvÀndig och ÀndamÄlsenlig för bÄde hÀlsa och produktion. Problemen infinner sig nÀr stresstillstÄndet blir lÄngvarigt eller ofta Äterkommande. Det finns en övre grÀns dÀr verkningsgraden för ökad anstrÀngning avtar och dÀr ökat input istÀllet ger allt mindre output. Mellanchefer Àr en personalgrupp som i litteraturen beskrivits vara sÀrskilt utsatt för arbetsrelaterad negativ stresspÄverkan. Karasek och Theorell beskriver med hjÀlp av sin krav/kontroll/stöd modell den psykosociala arbetsmiljöns betydelse för bÄde hÀlsa och produktion.

There is now a trend to move closer to the customer in the form of long-term and lastingrelationships. The market today is characterized by growing competition with new playersconstantly arising. In order to gain competitive advantage with the increasingly challengingmarket, companies require to place the customer in the centre. Being close to the customerand engage in successful efforts to create customer loyalty has become a critical successfactor in many businesses. Especially when the customers in today's market is becomingincreasingly unfaithful and continuously looking for new companies with new productofferings.Many companies have now also realized the importance of trying to retain existing customersas it is more profitable than constantly trying to acquire new ones.