Based on phenomenological hermeneutics and narrative theory the study explored how parents experience and create meaning when the child receives the diagnosis of autistic disorder. Interviews were conducted with eight parents and the analysis concerned both contents and form in their stories. The resulting aspects of the contents is presented in seven areas: stories about the time before the diagnosis, seeking help, receiving the diagnosis, the meaning of the diagnosis, coping, living with autism and stories about the future. The six resulting aspects of form included: chronology of the stories, creating order out of chaos, cultural norms, rewriting the story about the child, aspects of metaphors and changing perspective. The conclusion of the study is that the diagnosis serves as a way for the parents to transform experiences into a meaningful whole.

Word-of-mouth marketing (WOM) has been considered as one of the most effective marketing tools, yet the least understood. While its lucrative effects have been well proven in academic studies worldwide, little is yet known of why consumers engage in WOM, and what factors actually drive this sought-after behavior, particularly in an online context. While today's research lacks holistic views on the simultaneous effects of multiple WOM-drivers, this paper takes on a meta-analytic approach by building on the pertinent literature to construct an aggregated model, including several previously acknowledged drivers divided into two categories: (1) Brand related drivers and (2) Personal and situational drivers. The authors then empirically examine what drivers are the most influential on WOM in an online social media context. By doing so, this thesis does not only contribute to marketing managers' better understanding of online communications management, it also sheds light on the theoretical knowledge of the behavioral drivers of WOM.

Syftet med min studie var att undersöka hur elever i årskurs 7 upplever att utvecklingssamtal och dess förberedelser är en del i deras lärandeprocess, om uteblivna skriftliga omdömen påverkat lärprocessen, samt vilka likheter och skillnader det finns mellan elevledda jämfört med lärarledda utvecklingssamtal. Med en enkätundersökning jämfördes attityder hos elever från två olika skolor; Tätortsskolan som använde skriftliga omdömen och lärarledda utvecklingssamtal och Storstadsskolan utan skriftliga omdömen och med elevledda utvecklingssamtal. Mina resultat visar:Att större andel av eleverna som fått skriftliga omdömen anser att de fått information om hur de ligger till i de olika ämnena.Att skriftliga omdömen är mindre bra på att kommunicera till elever hur de ska göra för att utvecklas.Att en stor del av elever med lägre betyg inte förbereder sig inför elevledda utvecklingssamtal och är svåra att engagera i sin lärprocess.Att det är stor skillnad på elevledda respektive lärarledda samtal beträffande vem eleverna tycker pratar mest, men det är inga signifikanta skillnader i hur de olika typerna av samtal bidrar till elevernas lärprocess..

The aim in this bachelor thesis is to describe and analyze ritual performance and transference of religious traditions in some Hindu homes in Varanasi (India). In particular from the children?s perspective. The curriculum of Religious Education in the Swedish schooling system focuses on religious life, expression and practice. Thus, this thesis is about ?lived Hinduism?, ritual performance and religious practices.

The purpose of this text is to show how social class is (re)produced and created in the short stories?Draksådd? byMaria Sandel and Ivar Lo Johanssons ?Nya tänder? from Statarna I and to point out ways that the short storiesmay be useful from an Educational Perspective. Maria Sandel was the first (recognized) female author to writein the genre of Working-Class Literature in Sweden and Ivar Lo-Johansson is a recognized authorship who ismost famous for his novels portraying Statarna. The analysis focuses on how the teeth motif is portrayed in theshort stories. My analysis proves how the teeth motif is important in portraying the construction of class.

This Masters thesis examines the position of films in Swedish public libraries. We have, by way of comparing various statistical data, determined that the status of film in public libraries is week. We have completed earlier research by mapping what genealogical, discursive patterns that could be outlined in the Swedish government reports from 1949 until today, focussing on the activity goals and media policy of the public library. We have, on the basis of Foucaults theories on genealogy and archaeology, where text documents are considered to be meta-descriptions giving each other authority, analyzed if there any discursive excluding or contextual formulations exist in the usage of the language concerning the goals and the media attitude of public libraries. We have mapped contextual discursive formulations that to the commissioners have become neutral starting points for their assumptions and conclusions.

The aim of the thesis was to better understand how second language learners becomes lingual participants in a Swedish preschool. Using the following research questions: In what situations are SLLs lingual participants at the preschool? What does their emerging language look like? Are the participation any different considering children's time in the new L2 context? What kind of support does SLLs receive at the preschool?Two focal children at the same preschool was studied with ethnography of communication as method. The focal children chosen were one girl (Mandarin L1, 4.0 yrs) who arrived to Sweden and started the preschool two months ago at the time of the study, the other a boy (Serbian L1, 3.9 yrs) who started preschool and learning the L2 one year and two months before the study. Situations where the focal children interacted with other children or adults were analyzed. Results showed that the focal children in interaction with each other understands some of the others intentions before being able to speak about them in the L2.

Breast cancer is the most common tumor disease among women in Sweden. About 7000persons, having a median age of 65, are diagnosed each year with this disease. Withmammography screening, breast cancer can be detected in an early stage which improves theoverall survival (OS). 20-30 % of the breast cancer tumors are overexpressing humanepidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), which is a protein that stimulates cell proliferation.Trastuzumab (Herceptin®) is a humanised monoclonal antibody that targets the HER2-proteinand prevent the signals for cell proliferation.Trastuzumab has earlier been used for treatment of metastatic breast cancer. In the year of 2007trastuzumab was approved for adjuvant treatment of patients who has been medicated withsurgery and/or radiation.The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of adjuvant treatment with trastuzumab inHER2-positive breast cancer patients.

The investigation aims to clarify to what extent non-conscious thought has efficacy in for instance decision making,and also examine some aspects of the question whether decisions are caused by free will. This is done by an analysisof new research in neuroscience, economics, the combination of the two within neuroeconomics, evolutionarytheory and especially the new theory of Unconscious thought (Nordgren & Dijksterhuis 2006), which will enjoyspecial scrutiny due to its recentness in the scientific field. A decision strategy ought to put high-level consciouscognition to use where it is most effective, and this is on a different level than the canonized one. Meta decisionmaking is decision making concerning which decisions ought to be made consciously. It is the area where the largestamount of freedom can be obtained wherein the largest amount of thought effort ought to be invested.

Syftet med studien är att ta reda på hur tre olika innovativa tekniker kan användas för att samla in användarinsikter i en tjänstedesignprocess. Detta genomförs med ett designcase som handlar om besökarnas upplevelse av Norrköpings Symfoniorkesters konserter. Symfoniorkestern behöver hjälp med att locka fler besökare till konserterna och nya sätt behöver användas för att samla in användarinsikter för att få så många olika perspektiv som möjligt av konsertupplevelsen.Det var 20 personer som deltog i studien med en blandning av personer, dels de som idag går på Norrköpings Symfoniorkesters konserter och dels de som inte besöker dem. Deltagarnas uppgift i studien var att gå på två av deras konserter och dokumentera sina upplevelser med hjälp av tre olika innovativa tekniker: designsond, app och automatisk kamera.Resultatet av studien visar att den första tekniken designsonden gav en fördjupad bild av deltagarnas syn på konsertupplevelsen och hjälpte till att bredda fokus i tjänstedesignprocessen. Den andra tekniken,appen, kunde ge en mer detaljerad information i realtid om deltagarnas konsertupplevelse på plats.

The ambition to use evidence based treatments has spread within the field of Swedish social work. The number of treatments with claim to being evidence based has grown but the research concerning implementation; the procedures being used to introduce new methods in organizations and assure that the method is being used appropriately and continuously, is scarce. The aim of this study was to examine the implementation of Functional Family Therapy (FFT), being an evidence based treatment, in an organization providing social services in the public sector, in Sweden. We used a qualitative research design and conducted interviews with persons involved in the implementation of FFT in the social services in a town in the south of Sweden. We used the practice guidelines provided in Evidence Based Practice (EBP) together with recently published meta- analyses of implementation research, in the field of social work, to examine the implementation of FFT, as being an evidence based treatment.

Syfte: Syftet är att kritiskt granska en eventuell bostadsbubbla i Sverige utifrån tre rapporter och erfarenhet från tidigare bubblor.Bakgrund: Huspriserna i Sverige har ökat markant de tio senaste åren och skuldsättningsgraden har följt samma mönster. En ökad oro för bostadsbubbla har uppkommit och debatterats om i media. Tidigare finanskriser visar på att det finns likheter med dagens situation. Dessa finanskriser har slagit hårt mot ekonomin, därför är det essentiellt att upptäcka och stoppa en framtida finanskris.   Metod: Tre rapporter granskas genom en litteraturstudie.

Perinatal  psykisk  ohälsa  (psykisk  ohälsa  under  graviditet  eller  efter  förlossning)  drabbar kvinnor under en känslig period i livet. Forskning har tidigare fokuserat mer på psykisk ohälsa efter förlossning, men det är nu känt att psykisk ohälsa är vanligt även under graviditeten. För att kunna hjälpa kvinnor med perinatal psykisk ohälsa och stödja dem i föräldrarollen behöver barnmorskor  kunskap  om  hur  kvinnor  upplever  fenomenet.  Syftet  med  denna  studie  var  att belysa  kvinnors  upplevelse  av  perinatal  psykisk  ohälsa.  En  systematisk  litteraturstudie inspirerad av meta-syntes utfördes. Elva kvalitativa studier analyserades. Två huvudkategorier framkom, Att leva med perinatal psykisk ohälsa samt Att ta sig ur perinatal psykisk ohälsa.

Varje år drabbas 30 000 svenskar av stroke, vilket innebär stora personliga omställningar och stora kostnader för samhället. Den mest effektiva behandlingen, trombolys, måste ges så snart som möjligt för att ha god effekt.  Samtidigt som det är av största vikt att ta reda på om patienten har några differentialdiagnoser som gör behandlingen riskfylld.Den här studien undersöker hur strokekedjan går till och vilka faktorer som påverkar beslutsfattandet. Studien är baserad på etnografiska fältstudier på fyra svenska sjukhus och materialet är analyserat med metoder från sammansatta kognitiva system och målorienterad design. Resultaten visar att trots olika organiserade strokekedjor på de olika sjukhusen är processerna desamma och direkt kommunikation är mest framgångsrik för att effektivt sprida information mellan dem. Neurologjouren är viktig roll som, liksom resten av aktörerna i strokekedjan, ständigt balanserar sitt beslutsfattande mellan effektivitet och grundlighet.

The purpose of this study is to describe some primary school teachers understanding of language development and approach of first and second language speakers with Arne Tragetons Writing to reading, for pupils in early ages.By using a qualitative method with interviews and participant observations and informal conversations, the basis for the survey was collected. Four teachers in three schools participated. The proportion of second-language pupils at each school was 35%, 17% and 0%. My theoretical starting point in the study was the hermeneutic research tradition, which has been used to interpret and understand the collected material. Theories of behaviorism, constructivism and socio-cultural perspective has been used in the analysis part of this study.