The notion of door policy has received little academic investigation. In the media this phenomenon has however received much attention and has been connected to allegations of discrimination. The authors of this thesis take another view in trying to identify the mechanisms behind door policy from an economic perspective.Based on case studies in nightclubs in Stockholm the authors conclude that there are two types of door policy: including and excluding. While including door policy aims to comply with regulations and commonly is part of a cost-leadership or focus strategy, excluding door policy is primarily a tool for attracting and selecting a certain audience in line with a product differentiation strategy. It thrives on the principles of exclusivity and reciprocity.Forming the identity of a club, audience is of great importance and excluding door policy is found to be an important tool in creating the correct composition of audience, which ultimately aims to increase profitability..

Konsumtion av etiska livsmedel tycks ha fått ett rejält uppsving under senare år och många sträcker sig så långt att de talar om en ny grön våg. Det konsumeras allt mer ekologiska, Fairtrademärkta, KRAV-märkta och närproducerade livsmedel. Men vad är skälet till att vissa konsumenter väljer att i princip uteslutande handla etiska matvaror medan andra är till synes likgiltiga, och kan det ha ett samband med hur hög grad av oro konsumenter hyser inför framtida konsekvenser av sitt köpbeteende?Vi har studerat hur studenters uppfattning av risk kan kopplas till deras köpbeteende i samband med etiska matvaror. Vår huvudfråga lyder ?Konsumenter som väljer etiska varor är mer oroliga för framtida konsekvenser av att inte förändra sin konsumtion än icke-etiska konsumenter.? Vi ville se om oro för framtida konsekvenser, i stil med miljöförstöring och hälsoproblem, kan kopplas till en ökad konsumtion av etiska produkter i syfte att ge en ny infallsvinkel till marknadsföring av dessa produkter.Vår studie tar stöd i en generell modell över risk kopplat till konsumentbeteende, framtagen av Åsa Boholm, vilken vi sedan har tillämpat på just konsumtion av etiska livsmedel.

Background: The regulation of banks is increasing in order to stabilize the financial market. Despite this increase in regulation, financial crises still continue to occur. The Basel Committee on Banking Supervision is gradually increasing the capital requirements for banks, yet the increase in capital requirements doesn?t seem to solve the problem. This raises the question: how does capital regulation affect banks? Purpose: The purpose of this study is, primarily to illustrate the effects that capital regulation has on risk and efficiency on banks within the European Union, but secondary also study the relationship between risk, efficiency and capital regulation.Method: To achieve the purpose of this study, a deductive approach has been used, where the problem is assumed to be due to an agency problem.

Operationell risk inom banksektorn är ett område under utveckling. Utredningen har behandlat ett ramverk för hantering av operationell risk kallat A Systemic Approach Framework for Operational Risk (SAFOR). Syftet har varit att konkretisera detta ramverk och inom detta utvärdera en metod kallad Damage Evaluation and Effective Prevention (DEEP-metoden) i kombination med ett datoriserat beslutsverktyg benämnt DecideIT. SAFOR hanterar operationell risk som är nära kopplat till företagets processer, personer och system. Dess utformning grundar sig i general system theory, en holistisk verksamhetssyn som minskar risken för överlappning mellan olika riskhanteringsområden.

Titel:Risk Managements påverkan för utfallet av ERP-projektFörfattare:Ann-Magritt Lindemark Engøy och Hanna MaunusHandledare:Pär VilhelmsonExaminator:Sarah PhilipsonKurs:Examensarbete företagsekonomi C, 15.0 hpNyckelord: ERP-projekt, Projekt Management, Risk Management, risker i ERP-projekt, lyckade projekt, misslyckade projekt, The Iron Triangle.Syfte:Att undersöka vilka risker som är mest förekommande vid implementeringen av ERP-system och hur risk management kan reducera dessa.Metod:Kvalitativ metod, hermeneutik, fallstudier, semistrukturerade intervjuer, välgrundad teori.Resultat:Organisationens och projektets ledning hade större kunskaper om vilka risker som ville uppstå och olika risk management strategier än andra anställda och slutanvändarna av systemet.  Standardisering, samordning och automatisering av organisationens kärnprocesser var huvudsyften för att implementera ERP-system i organisationen. God planering av projektet är avgörande för ett lyckat resultat. Det är viktigt med bra kommunikation och tätt samarbete mellan de olika avdelningarna i projektet, och även med externa konsulter som till exempel leverantören av ERP-systemet. Riskanalys var en viktig del av projektens risk management strategi. En skicklig och flexibel projektledning hade stor betydelse för att risk management strategin fungerade.

Sahlgrenska Academyat University of GothenburgDepartment of Internal Medicine and Clinical NutritionTitle: Can nutritional support contribute to the healing of pressure ulcers in elderly patients?Author: Anton Kinnander, Sandra SmidelikSupervisor: Elisabet RothenbergExaminer: Anna WinkvistProgramme: Dietician study programme, 180/240 ECTSType of paper: Examination paper, 15 hpDate: 12-04-11Background The number of elderly patients with co-morbidity is increasing in the western world. It is therefore reasonable to predict increasing incidence and prevalence of pressure ulcers. One study, published 2009, found that as many as 59 % of geriatric patients within the Swedish health care system had developed pressure ulcers. Symptoms vary from mild erythema to severe deep tissue damage and development of pressure varies from hours to weeks.

Syftet med denna systematiska litteraturstudie var att ta reda på vilka faktorer som påverkar uppkomsten av postoperativ urinretention, POUR, i tidigt postoperativt skede. Artikelsökning har skett i databaserna CINAHL, MEDLINE och PsycINFO. Artiklarna kvalitetsbedömdes utifrån en modifierad granskningsmall för artikelgranskning. Sexton artiklar inkluderades i studien. Resultatet visade att med stigande ålder ökade risken för POUR, speciellt för män.

The purchasing of management consulting services has traditionally been characterized by informal and relation based interaction. However, case studies have shown that there is a movement towards more formalized and structured purchasing procedures among buyers of management consulting services. The purpose of this study is to investigate the prevalence and the implications of this professionalization. To investigate to what extent certain mechanisms of professionalization have been implemented on the Swedish market, a survey directed to Sweden?s 500 largest companies was conducted.

The housing sector of today represents for almost 40% of the energy consumption, an energy consumption of which the major part consists of non-renewable energy sources. This is not sustainable and utilization of new energy-efficient technologies in buildings can be a step in the right direction, towards a sustainable energy society.This report has been made on behalf of and in cooperation with Älvstranden Utveckling AB in Gothenburg to examine how future energy-efficient technologies can affect the energy demand in energy-efficient multi-dwelling buildings.The report is based on Älvstrandens passive house, Hamnhuset, a house whose energy consumption is far below the BBR's requirements. The report looks at the opportunities for improvement within windows, insulation, solar energy technologies, as well as white goods. Computer simulations are then made to apply the selected technologies into a reference building. Technologies are selected from an energy efficient perspective and no account has been taken of other aspects such as the economy.

The worsening of psychical health issues among young people has widely been discussed over the last few years. Research shows for example that 9% of girls at the age of 16-24 reported anxiety problems in 1989 while 16 years later, in 2005, the same number was 30%. The purpose of this essay was to study and analyze psychiatrists', psychologists' and counselors' view on the resilience and risk factors for youth depression (age 16-24). Beside this, our aim was to study their view on the influence of family environment on treatment and recovery. Data were collected with qualitative interviews with eight informants within the psychiatric care.

Hedge funds have the past few years become an increasingly popular investment alternative and in the last decade hedge fund assets managed have quadrupled to USD 2000 billion, a growth rate of around 25-30% per year. One explanation for this substantial increase is that hedge funds' minimum limits on capital invested has declined, which have made ??them available to retail investors. The recent turmoil in financial markets has also contributed to investors finding their way to hedge funds, whose goal is to generate stable returns regardless of how the market develops.Using Sharpe?s, Treynor?s and Jensen's performance measures, I have investigated whether hedge funds manage to generate higher risk-adjusted returns than traditional managed funds.

Risk assessment of effects on the environment and health outcome caused by the iron industryLina LöfqvistIn Sweden you can find lots of contaminated areas, which can create problems for both humans and nature. To reduce the long-term contamination grades, Naturvårdsverket have created a report with regard to the contaminated sites. This builds on the ?Method for Inventories of Contaminated Sites? which is abbreviated MIFO. The aim of MIFO is to achieve better environmental planning in Sweden.

This master thesis was written for Arla Foods and the result of the thesisserves to gain Arla Foods in its work with chemical hazardous and to bringnew academic results. The thesis aims to create a common methodology forrisk analysis with the handling of chemicals.The theories displayed in this thesis focuses on different risk managementmethods in order to build up a framework out of which a risk management toolwas created. The main primary data source consists of interviews held withemployees within Arla Foods at different facilities.The risk management tool can be found in appendix K.Available recommendations for how to evaluate risks with chemicals can befound at appropriate government agencies. These recommendations aredrawn up to suite small and medium enterprises and therefore are to narrowto make a good foundation for analysing chemical risks at large companies.With the legislation and government demands in mind, a tool has beencreated to fit a large company?s needs when managing chemical risks.

The electrical grid needs to be changed in the future in order to manage more distributed and renewable generation and also to make it possible for electricity consumers to be more active and aware of their electricity consumption. This future grid is usually referred to as a smart grid. With the transition to a smart grid, new challenges occur. One method to determine those challenges is to perform risk and vulnerability analyses. InStockholm, the new urban district Stockholm Royal Seaport is built.

Syftet med studien var att undersöka hur personer med ett injektionsmissbruk, som medverkade i sprututbytesverksamhet i Sverige, upplevde att deras livskvalitet blivit annorlunda. Vidare undersöktes också vilka insatser de blivit erbjudna och om de upplevde att de hade ett minskat riskbeteende. Frågeställningarna som användes i studien för att undersöka detta var:? Vilka insatser inom sprututbytesverksamheten erbjuds personer med injektionsmissbruk att ta del av?? Hur använder sig personer som medverkar i sprututbytesverksamhet av den kunskap de erhåller om hur de ska minska sitt riskbeteende?? Hur upplever personerna som deltar i sprututbytesverksamheten att deras livskvalitet blivit annorlunda?För att kunna svara på frågeställningarna användes en enkät som skickades till sprututbytesverksamheter i Sverige. De centrala begrepp som går att återfinna i studien ärharm reduction och livskvalitet och dessa begrepp är väsentliga när det gäller konstruktionen av enkäten i relation till syfte och frågeställningar.