This report is part of a Bachelor?s degree corresponding to 15 creditsat the Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm. The work hasbeen carried out by Max Wikander, author of the report, supervisedby Lanie Gutierrez-Farewik and Erik Dijkstra.Gait analysis includes measurement, characterization and assessmentof human movement and is used to assess kinematic or otherabnormalities during gait. Center of rotation and the axis of rotationof a joint are fundamental parameters in motion analysis. However,the ability to create individualized analysis is limited by the lack ofaccuracy when these parameters are calculated.

Bakgrund: Smärta och äldre personer är centrala delar i sjukvården. Smärta är en subjektiv upplevelse och påverkar en person både psykiskt och fysiskt. Smärta är komplext och det finns många anledningar till att smärta uppkommer. Många äldre personer i samhället får inte korrekt smärtlindring vilket kan bero på attityder och felaktiga bedömningar.  För att underlätta bedömningen av smärta finns det instrument som vårdpersonal kan ta hjälp av för att underlätta bedömningen av äldre personers smärta.Syfte: Att beskriva hur äldre personer upplever smärta och hur den handhas på vårdenheter.Metod: En litteraturöversikt som byggts på tio vetenskapliga artiklar. Artiklarna har hämtats från CINAHL complete.

Construction companies in Sweden have for recent years seen an increase in the numbers ofwarranty complaints associated with the market of resident buildings and the cost for this hasbeen measured to over 1.2 billion SEK per year. Working with poor quality cost as a way ofcreating insight about defects within the company?s processes is a method developed and usedby the manufacturing industry for decades, but have not yet reached the construction industry.This study has been performed in collaboration with a Swedish construction company, wherethe author has been stationed at the aftersales division for residential buildings. Owing tocircumstances, this published report has been made anonymous regarding the company whowill further on be namedthe Company. The Company is aware that warranty claims producegreat costs and has requested a way of putting cost and cause to specific claims in order ofreceiving a more specific cost view and to make the reuse of knowledge more efficient.

Malassezia otitis in dogs is a common cause of visit to a veterinary service. In otitis externa due to Malassezia overgrowth the dog has a higher number of yeast organisms and/or a local inflammatory response to the micro organism. Common clinical signs include pruritus, erythema, swelling and increased exudate production. Clinical symptoms and results from cytology of ear swabs from the ear canal is the mainstay for diagnosis. Any underlying condition has to be identified and corrected to avoid relapse. The treatment options for infective otitis externa are based upon topical administration of eardrops containing antibiotics, steroids and antifungals.

ABSTRACTPurpose: The purpose of the study was threefold. Firstly, to investigate if a four week program in pain rehabilitation had any effect on how much individuals with persistent pain worked and their degree of kinesiophobia. Secondly, to study if there was a correlation between how much these individuals worked and their degree of kinesiophobia. Thirdly, to study if there was a correlation between the change in these variables.Method: 112 patients who had participated in a four week rehabilitation program took part in the study. The study had a retrospective design, which was based on a review on medical records and consisted of three minor parts.

This report is part of a Bachelor?s degree corresponding to 15 creditsat the Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm. The work hasbeen carried out by Max Wikander, author of the report, supervisedby Lanie Gutierrez-Farewik and Erik Dijkstra.Gait analysis includes measurement, characterization and assessmentof human movement and is used to assess kinematic or otherabnormalities during gait. Center of rotation and the axis of rotationof a joint are fundamental parameters in motion analysis. However,the ability to create individualized analysis is limited by the lack ofaccuracy when these parameters are calculated.

Background: In 1999 the Swedish pension system was reformed with an aim to create a stable and high return on pension assets. First, Second, Third and Fourth general pension funds, hereby referred to as AP1-AP4, had an important part in the reform. AP1-AP4, also called the buffer funds, was assigned to secure long-term, big parts of the pension capital. The funds objective is by law, to manage the fund's assets in a manner that provides maximum benefit for the state pension. The funds will also invest pension assets with an overall low level of risk while achieving a sustainable high return.Aim: The purpose of this study is to investigate whether the First-Fourth AP-Funds is meeting its objectives regarding risk and return according to Swedish law.

Bakgrunden till denna uppsatts är att ett större projekt har inletts i samarbete mellan McDonalds Sverige, Sveriges nötköttsproducenter (SNP) och Lantbruksuniversitetet (SLU) i Alnarp. I projektet skall man undersöka hur det är möjligt att skapa en bättre och säkrare tillgång & lönsamhet genom hela kedjan för svenskt nötkött. I denna uppsats, som är en del av det större projektet, så kommer jag att inrikta mig på att undersöka och sammanställa information om hur förtroende skapas i en leverantörskedja för nötkött i Irland och undersöka vilka faktorer som styr belåtenheten i leverantörskedjan. I litteraturstudien kommer det att inledningsvis beskrivas hur Irlands nötköttsföretagande är uppbyggt, följt av ett kort stycke om McDonalds Irland och Bord Bias kvalitetssäkringssystem som används inom kedjan. Sedan följer en litteraturgenomgång om hur en leverantörskedja kan vara uppbyggd och fungera, hur relationer fungerar i leverantörskedjan, förhållandet mellan belåtenhet och förtroende i leverantörskedjan och en beskrivning av leverantörskedjan av nötkött. Studien grundar sig på kvalitativa intervjuer med fyra irländska nötköttsproducenter, två irländska slakterier och en nötköttsansvarig på IFA (Irish Farmers? Association).

Genom att studera livslängd och dödsorsaker hos hundar kan man identifiera rasspecifika sjukdomar och problem och på så sätt utforma avelsprogram där man försöker motverka dessa. Det är inte enbart sjukdomar som gör att hundar dör eller avlivas, utan orsakerna är många. Syftet med detta arbete var att utifrån en litteraturstudie sammanställa de vanligaste dödsorsakerna och medellivslängden hos hundar. Medellivslängden i de olika undersökta studierna varierade mellan 10-11 år, där en av studierna avvek med medellivslängden 6,4 år. Blandraser blev något äldre än den genomsnittliga hundpopulationen medan vissa renrasiga hundar levde längre än blandraser.Ålderdom hörde till den vanligaste eller näst vanligaste orsaken att dö av enligt de olika studierna och mortalitetsrisken ökade med stigande ålder.

Inledning Corporate Social Responsibility har under senare år uppmärksammats allt mer, inte minst inom energibranschen som blivit kritiserad för sin stora miljöpåverkan. Arbetssättet med CSR leder till en ökad samhällsnytta men allt fler företag väljer också att arbeta med konceptet i förhoppning om ökad lönsamhet. Genom att koppla ihop CSR med företagets övergripande strategier skapas förutsättningar för samhälls- och affärsnytta. Trots att CSR blivit ett allmänt accepterat uttryck råder dock en begreppsförvirring om vad konceptet faktiskt innefattar. Syfte Studiens syfte är tvåfaldig; dels ämnar studien konkretisera konceptet CSR för att studera hur kommunalt ägda energibolag kan arbeta med prestationsmätning för intern styrning av CSR-åtaganden, dels ämnar studien bistå Nogap med förslag för vilka prestationsmått som skulle kunna användas i deras koncept Hållbar lönsamhet. Metod Studien tog i ett ursprungsskede form av en litteraturstudie vilken mynnade ut i en konceptuell modell och en teoretisk referensram. Modellen låg sedan till grund för fördjupad förståelse av CSR inom tre kommunalt ägda energibolag.

This Master Thesis has been conducted as an assignment of the Swedish Defence MaterialAdministration and the Swedish Armed Forces and aims to examine the Target Location Error(TLE) of a Forward Observer System. The targeting accuracy of the system is vital if the systemis to be used as a sensor for precision munitions. The analyzed system, EOI (FOI 2000), wasdelivered to the Swedish Armed Forces in 2007. The targeting sequence starts with deciding theposition of the system with a GPS-receiver, continues with methods where the north direction issettled and ends by measuring the distance, direction and elevation to the target. When allparameters have been measured the system calculates the position of the target.

There are different types of risk, examples include credit risk, liquidity risk and financial risk. In DeMarzo & Berk (2011, s. 293) is a study presented which is based on the yield of different types of financial assets between 1925 and 2009, the study show that a high risk gave substantially higher reward. With the study as a background, it is interesting to study practical risk management within participants of the financial markets of Sweden. In risk management there are several theories about whether risk can be calculated and analyzed with scientific methods in practice.

This thesis is a part of the project "Sustainable harvesting and storage of sugar beets, more sugar to practice". The work has included a large part of practical experimental work with weight measurement, graduation and storage planning. The aim of the project is to be able to see whether the cultivars react differently in different storage conditions. The project has included storage under controlled conditions to give as accurate results as possible. To be able to mimic the farmers own preconditions the samples was harvested with a conventional Holmer.This project has two parts, one concerning the nature, time and temperature on storage where a number of different cultivars where investigated during three different recording times, two different temperatures and controlled in a controlled environment.

Abstract:This thesis work has been conducted at the Real Estate Department in Halmstad.The department consists of a construction/project management-unit and an operation/management-unit.Like many other towns in Sweden, Halmstad has had a long lasting problem with indoor environment. Not at least at their preschools.Today they are constructing from current building regulations. They have learned from negative experiences which have occurred in the indoor environment in older buildings.Focus is now on healthy materials, like low emission value, energy efficiency and optimization of the building, but still with soft parameters such as cleaning, interior and choice of materials.The fixtures is provides by the real estate department and the furnishings are provides by the children and youth administration. Together they are trying to provide a great indoor environment.I have, together with the real estate department and the children and youth administration of Halmstad, investigated how to provide a good indoor environment in the preschools with small funds.In my thesis there is one theoretical part with a questionnaire survey of how the preschool staff is experiencing their indoor environment to determine where the problems often start. And a practical part with measurements to try and come down to a result that analysis the cause of the problems and also to make sure that the ventilation systems are fulfilling projected values.The measurements and the questionnaire surveys was made at Lokes preschool in Frösakull, Askens preschool in Oskarström and Gullbrandstorps preschool.There were some differences between the staff-responses at the three different preschools.At Askens preschool they feel that the premises are cleaned poorly.At Gullbrandstorps preschool they feel that the indoor-air is bad because they can´t open the windows.

This thesis has been a part of Forsmarks Kraftgrupp AB's evaluation of a turbulencemodel used in simulation of turbulent flow called PRNS (Partially Resolved NumericalSimulation). This model has promising properties and may be of use in savingcomputational resources. The purpose of this thesis was to analyze this model andcompare it with industrially applied models such as k-omega SST and LES (Large EddySimulations).PRNS works as a hybrid of the k-omega SST and DNS (Direct Numerical Simulation)where a constant, RCP (Resolution Control Parameter) with a value between 0 and 1are selected. This constant is then used in the calculations and determines thebehavior of the simulation. When RCP is set to zero the equation are the same as fora DNS simulation and when RCP is set to one the equations for k-omega SST issolved.