For over 40 years, there's been a debate in Sweden of whether it's good or bad with maintenance therapy for heroin addicts. This method is far more acknowledged in other parts of Europe and in USA. The aim of this paper was to explore how public actors manifest their thoughts concerning the subject of the substitution program in Sweden. This approach includes the complex of problems that can be found in statements and the discourses that these operators stand for and support. In my analysis the philosophical thread was principally based on Michael Foucault ideas, but also on other theories related to social constructionism.

Objective: The aim of this work is to find out how a number of educators work when giving children support and opportunities for language development.Questions:What have preschool for policy to monitor/assess the children?s language development?What experiences do teachers have of children who need support in language development?How do educator?s regard support from specialised educator?s? Do these efforts support the children to enhance language development?Methods: Qualitative methodology, Interviews with six teachers and two specialised educators from three kindergartens in the municipality.Summary of conclusions: The municipality in which the survey was conducted has a document that provides guide lines on how to work with children?s language development in school and preschool. Pedagogical documentation is a tool that teachers use in nursery school which educators and parents can follow, which shows children?s learning processes and learn strategies. Research shows that through play, music, creative activities, photos, etc.

The objective of this thesis is to map the resources and methods used at the department OPPC, at AstraZeneca, and derived from that give suggestions on possible solutions that will increase their productivity.Mapping of the product flow, as well as gathering of process data, has mainly been done using observations, but consultation with the process technicians has also played a great role. Further have theoretical methods been used, based on literature studies, within the areas of Lean production and statistics.The work has incrementally gone forward since the steps taken has been restricted by the irregularity of production which led to the need of creating a fictive production flow. This has affected the lead-time calculations in the way that they are meant to give an indication, rather than an absolute truth, on how different methods described shall be used.The current state analysis showed multiple areas of improvement when defining capacity as value adding time in relation to total throughput time. Using the "standard scenario" as a basis showed that the actual production flow only constituted 50% of the total project time. Further it showed that the workflow contained more non-value adding activities than value adding activities, which is a result of how the work is distributed within the department as well as in the different projects.

Syfte: Syftet var att beskriva vilka icke-farmakologiska behandlingar som kan användas vid oro hos personer med demens samt att beskriva vilken inverkan studerade icke-farmakologiska behandlingar hade på oro hos personer med demens. Vidare var syftet att kontrollera vilka datainsamlingsinstrument som användes vid mätning av oro i inkluderade studier samt om dessa testades i respektive studie gällande reliabilitet och validitet.Metod: Detta var en beskrivande litteraturstudie, litteratur eftersöktes i de vetenskapliga databaserna PubMed och Cinahl. 13 studier inkluderades, dessa omfattade fem olika icke-farmakologiska behandlingsmetoder. Författarna läste, översatte och sammanställde först enskilt de valda studierna för att främja ett objektivt förhållningssätt. Den metodologiska aspekten datainsamling kontrollerades i inkluderade vetenskapliga studier.Resultat: Det fanns varierande inverkan på orosnivån hos personer med demens av de icke-farmakologiska behandlingsmetoderna, musik-, arom-massage-, djurassisterad-, ljusterapi och Peacefull mind.Slutsats: Majoriteten av inkluderade icke-farmakologiska behandlingsmetoder minskade orosnivån hos personer med demens.

The city?s public environments are meant to be perceived as safe and inviting areas to visit any time of the day. In recent decades the number of vandalism complaints has doubled and graffiti has become so common that it received a separate category in the crime statistics. With this type of impacts in the public environments the experience are precarious and a boring sight. It?s difficult to put a price tag on these types of crimes, the number of unreported cases suspected to be large.

Föreliggande examensuppsats undersöker vilka möjliga betydelser och meningsinnebörder feministiska perspektiv kan ha för bedrivandet av psykoterapi. Utifrån en explorativ och förståelsegrundande ansats intervjuades 13 svenska behandlare med självidentifierade feministiska utgångspunkter om hur de ser på skärningsytorna mellan feminism och psykoterapi, sin yrkesroll, samt vilka konsekvenser deras feministiska perspektiv får i det praktiska behandlingsarbetet.Resultaten visar att feministisk terapi som begrepp framstår som i stort sett oetablerat i en svensk psykoterapeutisk kontext, att förhållandevis lite forskning på området tidigare är gjord, samt att intervjudeltagarna ofta framställer sammanjämkningen mellan feministiska och psykoterapeutiska diskurser som komplicerad. De medverkande beskriver sina feministiska utgångspunkter som en bakomliggande filosofi snarare än en uppsättning tekniker. Dessa omsätts i terapeutisk behandlingspraktik genom en problematisering av maktaspekter, ett uppmärksammande av strukturella faktorers inverkan på subjektivitetsskapandet, samt ett kritiskt och stundtals avståndstagande förhållningssätt till specifika delar av de gängse terapiparadigmen. Ideologiska dimensioner exemplifieras bl.a.

Adhesiv kapsulit (AC) utgör 15 % av alla skuldersmärtor i primärvården. Orsaken är okänd och huvudsymptom är smärta och stelhet med inskränkt rörlighet. Sjukdomsförloppet indelas vanligen i tre faser och naturalförloppet kan vara mer än tre år. Sjukgymnastisk behandling innebär vanligen töjning, mobilisering, träning, akupunktur, värme och el-terapi. Även medicinsk behandling används.

It is a common-held belief that the social worker for the most part uses oneself as a ?tool? in working with clients. This study seeks to examine that ?tool? in the context of treatment of teenage boys with psychosocial problems such as criminal behavior, drug-abuse and/or abusive home environment. The main purpose is to identify the conceptions of masculinity, and more specific hegemonic and subordinated masculinity, of the professionals working with the boys.

The purpose of this study was to explore how interpersonal relationship can be affected by groing up in a New Religoius Movement such as Jehovah?s Withnesses and how it has affected them both in their youth and today. The aim was also to explore if there were people in the respondents' environment that was significant to them during their childhood and which support our respondents have received if they were in need of it.We have not found any previous research on children's social relationships within the Jehovah's Witnesses. We therefore believe that this study is of high relevance to both society and also for all the professionals who come into contact with these children. To discover a child in need, knowledge about how their social environment looks like is crucial.

The aim of this study is to investigate where and why the fitness clubs, Sats and Friskis & Svettis in Stockholms county, choose to locate their facilities in certain places and which their primarily targetgroups are. Furthermore, the aim is to gain knowledge of people?s health status in areas where the facilities are located, in order to see if they are located where exercise is most needed. Interviews were conducted with members of the fitness clubs but also with non members, i.e. people who lived in areas with an absence of fitness facilities.

From the customer?s perspective the only reason for a firm to exist is the value it creates. However, a problem within manufacturing companies is that of the total lead time, only a small part can be considered as value adding. It has further been discovered that when working with improvements businesses often sub-optimizes single processes instead of considering what benefits the entire company. Thus, when improving processes and activities it is important to have knowledge about and understand which factors that affect how the flow can be designed.Several studies have been performed with a wide perspective on process flows in order to obtain a more resource-efficient and value added flow.

Diabetes Mellitus is one of the most common endocrinologic disorders among dogs. The disorder has a complex background, and successful treatment requires a well-functioning co-operation between pet owners and the veterinarian. The purpose of this study is to investigate the owners? perspective of diabetic treatments offered, and to estimate expected length of survival post-insulin therapy. The research findings are based on a survey mailed to 77 pet owners, whose dogs were diagnosed with diabetes between 1999 and 2003 at the small animal clinic of the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences. The median survival for the dogs that underwent insulin treatment was 31 months, i.e.

En studie av struktur- och interaktionsförändringar i en familj som genomgått Intensiv familjeterapiFörfattare: Johanna Andersson, Kajsa Sjöblom och Josefine StrömbergHandledare: Marianne Freyne-LindhagenSammanfattningStudiens syfte är att utifrån ett systemteoretiskt perspektiv undersöka om Intensiv familjeterapi (IFT) påverkar strukturen och interaktionsmönstret i en familj utifrån varje familjemedlems upplevelse. För att göra syftet mer konkret och överskådligt lyftes följande frågeställningar fram:? Hur ser familjesystemets struktur ut, nu jämfört med före påbörjad behandling?? Har interaktionen förändrats mellan de olika systemen i familjen efter genomförd behandling?Studien grundar sig på en kvalitativ forskningsmetod där respondenterna utgjordes av en familj bestående av tre familjemedlemmar. Materialet har bearbetas utifrån en systematisk analys där relevant litteratur har kopplats till studiens huvudteman, struktur och interaktion. Resultaten visar att det skett en strukturell förändring i familjesystemet efter IFT- behandlingen, vilket samtliga respondenter uttrycker.

I Sverige bera?knas 17 % av befolkningen ha en ho?rselnedsa?ttning, vilket inneba?r att det a?r den vanligaste sensoriska funktionsnedsa?ttningen. Idag finns det en ma?ngd studier som visar att ho?rselnedsa?ttning a?r relaterat till sa?mre psykisk ha?lsa. Acceptans av sin ho?rselnedsa?ttning har visat sig vara positivt fo?r ho?rselnedsatta och samvarierar med hja?lpso?kande.

En känsla för Gud ? Komparativ teologi enligt Keith Ward och perspektiv på religionsteologi.(A feeling for God ? Comparative Theology according to Keith Ward and perspectives on Theology of Religion)We all have preconceived opinions regarding people, cultures and especially religion and religiousness, and according to one´s own subjective formed opinion, they are surely truthful and moral. But my main concern with this essay must be thought of as a brief and personal mapping of Christian belief and it´s rational status in relation to both basic philosophy and the other great religious traditions. Furthermore, I am anxious to widen the perspectives of that which theoretically can be considered substantially real, and the existential consequences that follows on such a study. In doing so I must make sure that it´s properly anchored in history of both philosophy and religion, and of course ? with the general idea of God.