AbstractObjective: To investigate the occurrence of and the risk factors for falls and to  investigate level of fall-related self-efficacy and health-related quality of life in people living in community living, 75 years or older within Uppsala and Västmanlands county. A further aim was to identify predictive risk factors for falls. Design: A cross-section study with a descriptive, comparative and correlative design based on a questionnaire was used. Participants: The participants were recruited from Uppsala and Västmanlands county. A random selection on 525 individuals was done, from a population based sample, in the detailed municipalities.

We wanted to know how the subject HIV/AIDS was handled in the Indian newspaper The Hindu, which is written in English, during a period of 16 days (30 October-14 November) in 2005 compared to the corresponding period during 2007. Because we liked to study what kind of differences there were in the reporting between these two years. In addition we also wanted to learn how people living with HIV and AIDS are represented in pictures and text. To find out this was the purpose with this investigation.The study is made from the theory of stigma, semiotics and from a professional model of the normative theory. The articles about HIV/AIDS were quantitatively analyzed with help of a schedule of codes and we performed a qualitative analysis on several articles, four from 2005 and four from 2007.

För personer som drabbas av sjukdom kan det innebära att känslan av den bekanta och den igenkännliga kroppen förändras. Cancer i de sexuella- och reproduktiva organen påverkar kvinnor och mäns sexualitet efter cancerbehandling. Sexualitet kan vara ett svårt ämne att ta upp som hälso- och sjukvårdspersonal. Syftet med denna studie var att beskriva upplevelsen av sexualitet hos personer som genomgått cancerbehandling i de sexuella- och reproduktiva organen. Studien genomfördes som en litteraturstudie där 15 vetenskapliga artiklar ingick och analyserades med kvalitativ innehållsanalys med manifest ansats.

Bakgrund: Ett växande antal svårt cancersjuka människor föredrar att vårdas i hemmet. Närstående är en självklar del av modern palliativ vård, och det är en central uppgift för den palliativa vården att stödja även dem. Syfte: Syftet med litteraturstudien var att belysa närståendes behov av stöd vid vård i hemmet av vuxna cancersjuka i livets slutskede. Metod: Som underlag för denna litteraturstudie har 14 vetenskapliga artiklar använts inom tidsperioden 2001-2011. Resultat: Resultatet visade att närstående hade behov av stöd i den vårdande rollen av cancersjuk i hemmet som redovisas i 3 kategorier och 6 subkategorier.

This essay focuses on Finnish immigrants living in Sweden and their experiences of educationof literature in Swedish upper secondary school. It concerns the fact of how education ofliterature can be used to strengthen students? formation of cultural identity. The essay tries toidentify obstacles as well as possibilities in the teaching of literature with a view to deepenand enrich this process. The method consists of a phenomenological approach includinginterviews with a group of Finnish immigrants living in Sweden.

Introduktion: Ordet cancer skapar oro hos de flesta människor. I vår kommande yrkesroll som sjuksköterskor kommer vi att möta cancerpatienter och deras anhöriga där tonåringar kan vara en utav familjemedlemmarna. Det är viktigt att skapa en förståelse för hur tonåringar upplever sin förälders cancersjukdom. Syftet: Studiens syfte var att belysa tonåringars upplevelser av att leva med en cancersjuk förälder. Metoden: Studien utfördes som en kvalitativ litteraturstudie med åtta artiklar som grund.

Bakgrund: När ett barn får cancer förändras livet för hela familjen. Den tuffa behandlingen är påfrestande på alla medlemmar i familjen. En okunskap om hur syskonens hälsa påverkas finns både hos föräldrar och sjukvårdspersonal.Syfte: Att belysa hur syskon till cancerdrabbade barn upplever sin hälsa.Metod: En systematisk litteraturstudie baserad på 5 kvantitativa och 5 kvalitativa artiklar. Databaserna PubMed och Cinahl användes för sökning av vetenskapliga artiklar. Artiklarna kvalitetsgranskades och en latent innehållsanalys användes.Resultat: I resultatet uppkom 5 kategorier kring syskon till cancersjuka barns behov och brister som påverkade hälsan.

AbstractObjective: To investigate the occurrence of and the risk factors for falls and to  investigate level of fall-related self-efficacy and health-related quality of life in people living in community living, 75 years or older within Uppsala and Västmanlands county. A further aim was to identify predictive risk factors for falls. Design: A cross-section study with a descriptive, comparative and correlative design based on a questionnaire was used. Participants: The participants were recruited from Uppsala and Västmanlands county. A random selection on 525 individuals was done, from a population based sample, in the detailed municipalities.

The aim of this study was to investigate how mothers in families with strong patriarchal traditionssee their role as a mother and as a woman. The study is built upon two main questions: What arethe expectations of your family and your immediate environment on you as a mother and as awoman? And what does ?honour? mean for you as a mother and as a woman? In our paper wehad as a starting point a gender perspective that was further on applied in defining our researchquestion. We are also giving an account of the phenomenological perspective that we also had asa basis of our work. We interviewed six mothers living in families with strong patriarchaltraditions.

Bakgrund: Allt fler människor drabbas av cancer. Att få en cancerdiagnos innebär att drabbas av en mycket allvarlig sjukdom. Med ett bra omhändertagande med helhetssyn på patienternas behov, god kontinuitet och adekvat information kan vården upplevas som konsekvent och sammanhängande. I många fall kommer beskedet om cancer plötsligt och det är svårt att vara förberedd. Cancervården innefattar vård från många olika specialiteter och det kan vara svårt för patienten att orientera sig under vårdförloppet.

The Swedish language contains contrasts of tonal word accents, realized by change in the F0 contour. Contrasts of word accents require at least two syllables with stress on the first syllable of the word or a stressed syllable followed by a non-stressed.The purpose of the present study was to examine how five-year-old children living in Östergötland with typical language development produce and discriminate tonal word accents. In addition, it was investigated how these abilities affect each other and comparisons were made to a similar study on children living in Skåne.For elicitation of tonal word accents a set of pictures with contrastive tonal word accents was used. The children were recorded and their answers were evaluated by visual classification of their F0-curves. In a perceptual analysis of the children?s productions, 11 linguistically naive listeners evaluated 44 randomized words from the recordings.

ABSTRACTBackground: Endometriosis is a chronic disease where the tissue, that the uterus contains,also can be found outside the uterus.The objective of the study was to investigate young women?s experience of endometriosisand how they experience the care.Method: Fourteen young adults were asked to participate and eight of them did participate.They were all in the range of age 14-20 and they all had had contact with a unit forendometriosis in Sweden. Semai-structured interview was chosen as the data collectionmethod. An interview guide was used during the interviews. For the analysis aphenomenological method with focus upon experiences was used.Results: The result showed that the young adults? experiences in the daily living containedpain, alienation, tiredness and side effects.

Cancer i huvud- och halsregionen och dess behandling har setts leda till sva?righeter att sva?lja hos cirka 40 % av patienterna. Sva?ljningssva?righeterna har visats vara sva?rast vid larynx- och hypofarynxcancer. Sva?ljningssva?righeter pa?verkar livskvaliteten negativt enligt flera studier.

This thesis analyses how a radiology department at the largest hospital in Sweden, Karolinska University Hospital, most profitably could expand its capacity for investigating cancer patients using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The queues today for patients waiting to be scanned are long, which delays the start of cancer treatments. Meanwhile the hospital has a budget deficit of half a billion SEK, which make any expansion hard. In this thesis we evaluate the alternatives of investing in new machinery; utilize the current machinery better by using them more days annually or through a shift work system. Finally we evaluate a combination of these.

Bakgrund: Varje år får ca 300 barn och ungdomar i Sverige cancer. Barnets insjuknande innebär en stor omställning för hela familjen och kan leda till en psykisk belastning för föräldrarna. Vårdpersonalen har då en viktig roll, för att föräldrarna ska känna trygghet i situationen. Föräldrars behov av omvårdnad bör tillgodoses, så de i sin tur kan ge stöd åt sitt barn. Familjefokuserad omvårdnad har använts som teoretisk referensram i studien.