Denna studie a?r utfo?rd vid Mondelez International i Upplands Va?sby som vill ta fram ett transportplaneringsverktyg fo?r att underla?tta sin transportplanering. Detta genomfo?rs genom att studera hur transportplaneringen bo?r bedrivas och hur ett transportplaneringsverktyg kan vara utformat. Syftet med denna studie a?r att utforma en flexibel modell fo?r transportplanering som minimerar transportkostnaderna.Studien testar och ja?mfo?r tva? sa?tt att bera?kna transportkostnaden.

Magnesium is an essential mineral that is important for several physiologic and biochemical processes in the body. Deficiency of magnesium is mainly associated with grass tetany, but can also appear in cows during the indoor period. Since long it is known that potassium has a negative effect on the absorption of magnesium. Due to the fact that potassium fertilisation leads to a higher potassium content in forage, it is of interest to study interactions of potassium on the magnesium balance in dairy cows. There are few studies about magnesium feeding to dairy cows in Sweden and the purpose of this study was to investigate how much magnesium and from which feed-sources dairy cows in Sweden get their magnesium. Data was collected from seven farms in the northern part of Uppland and from seven farms in Skaraborg in Sweden.

Syfte, hypoteser och frÄgestÀllning:Syftet med studien Àr att undersöka hur kostsammansÀttning pÄverkar prestation, upplevelse och fysiologiska parametrar hos unga mÀn, i samband med högintensiv fysisk aktivitet. H1 Fysisk prestation, hÀr definierat som total producerad energi under testtiden (J),maximal kraftutveckling (W) samt ett medelvÀrde pÄ kraftutveckling (W), pÄ högintensitet Àr lÀgre efter intag enligt LCHF-kost jÀmfört med SNR.H2 Upplevd anstrÀngning under fysisk prestation skattas högre vid LCHF-kost jÀmfört medSNR.H3 RER (Respiratory Exchange Ratio) Àr lÀgre vid LCHF-kost jÀmfört med SNR.H4 LaktatnivÄn i blodet Àr lÀgre vid LCHF-kost jÀmfört med SNR.F Hur pÄverkas sinnesstÀmningen av en kosthÄllning enligt LCHF jÀmför med SNR?Metod:En experimentell crossover-studie utfördes pÄ nio friska, trÀningsvana mÀn i Äldern 22-25 Är. Samtliga deltagare genomgick en kostintervention under tvÄ femdagars-perioder pÄ kosthÄllning enligt LCHF och Svenska NÀringsrekommendationer (SNR), separerade med en nio dagars washout-period. Efter respektive kostperiod utfördes tester bestÄende av RER- mÀtning pÄ ergometercykel samt upprepade Wingate-test (2 st) dÄ de fick skatta upplevd anstrÀngning enligt CR100-skalan. I samband med testerna mÀttes Àven vikt, fettprocent och laktatvÀrden.

The paper, with a brief summary of timber floating in Sweden and also of some previous re-search in this field, contains a study on costs for timber-floating in the river DalÀlven located in central Sweden. The public used timber-floating system in DalÀlven and the historical background about this activity is described. The study is focused on the total costs for timber-floating in the public open floating system in DalÀlven from 1900 to 1970, the year before the timber-floating was definitively closed down. Also the costs for separating the logs of a specific owner when they reached the point where they could be separated from the timber of other owners are analyzed..

Under de senaste ?ren har digitaliseringen framfart f?r?ndrat hur m?nniskor lever och arbetar, vilket har lett till stora f?r?ndringar inom m?nga yrken ?ver v?rlden. Redovisningsyrket, som traditionellt innefattar rutinm?ssiga uppgifter som bland annat bokf?ring, registrering, uppr?ttande av ?rsredovisningar och finansiella rapporter, har inte varit ett undantag. Denna studie syftar till att utforska hur digitaliseringen har p?verkat redovisningskonsulters yrkesroll i Sverige.

In this report a new gear concept is evaluated using the magnetic finite element method (FEM)software MagNet and Ansys as well as the mechanical FEM software Abaqus. The gear conceptis evaluated in terms of maximum torque capability, torsional stiffness, gear ratio and efficiency.ABB Corporate Research has proposed a new gear concept which should be less expensive thangearboxes used today. The new concept is called aMagnetic Harmonic Traction Drive and usesthe principles of a harmonic drive gear to achieve a high reduction ratio. The gear conceptreplaces the wave generator used in traditional harmonic drives with magnets and uses tractioninstead of gear teeth to transfer the torque. The main components in the gearbox are the magnets,the flexspline, the magnetic portion and the circular spline.

The mining industry, in terms of ore excavation and metal production, is and has been important to the Swedish economy. In connection with the ore excavation process, large amounts of partly sulphidic waste are produced. When the metal sulphides are exposed to air and water they are eventually oxidised, which leads to the formation of acidic water with high concentrations of metal cations and sulphate ions, so called Acid Mine Drainage (AMD). This water may reach the nearest surroundings and cause negative environmental effects. By covering the waste with soil or water, the oxidation process can be minimised. At the RĂ€vlidmyran mine in the county of VĂ€sterbotten open pit mining took place between 1951 and 1991.

Summary Today energy prices are rising. As a result biomass fuel is getting more and more interesting. Wood chips is very popular, but also straw from grain production is on the table. Lunds Energi AB project a combined power and heating plant in Örtofta out of Lund. Wood chips is meant to be the main energy source, complemented by straw. In this thesis the transportation of straw for fuel is studied.

During the 1970?s the interest for quality management and the concept of quality costs increased considerably. Business leaders noticed that there was a great potential for reducing costs of poor quality. Since up to 10-30% of a company?s total turnover may consist of poor quality costs some consider them as an unexploited goldmine.

The demand of nature tourism is increasing and new ways to satisfy tourists are necessary.The goal with this report was to answer that demand by exploring the possibilities for backcountry skiing north of TornetrÀsk. This area was chosen because it is unexplored. This hasbeen succeeded by an extensive fieldwork. Aspects like topography, routes, slope angles andgeological places of interests where recorded. The results has shown that back country skiingis well suited for this area and poses no negative impact on the natural habitat.

Kandidatuppsats, Civilekonomprogrammet, Managementfördjupningen, Ekonomihögskolan vid Linnéuniversitetet, VÀxjö, 2FE01E, VT2011Författare: Tobias Andersson, Victor Larsson & David HÀggbergHandledare: Viktorija KalonaityteTitel: Den MÀnskliga Sidan av Kvalitet ? Kommunikation, Deltagande & InnovationUndertitel: En TQM -inriktad fallstudie om Volvo LastvagnarBakgrund: Totalt Quality Management (TQM) Àr ett program som syftar till att förbÀttra företagets konkurrenskraftighet med hjÀlp av ett fokus pÄ kvalitet och en stÀndig förbÀttring av processer och arbetssÀtt. TQM bestÄr av en uppsamling vÀrderingar som bl.a. betonar kundfokus, total involvering och stÀndig förbÀttring. TQM har dock stora likheter med en filosofi och kan snarare betraktas som ett synsÀtt vilket skapar svÄrigheter att skapa en gemensam förstÄelse och kommunicera den hÀr förstÄelsen vidare genom företagets hierarkiska nivÄer.Syfte: VÄrt syfte Àr att undersöka hur kommunikationen inom produktionens hierarkiska nivÄer hanteras för att förmedla vÀrderingar, antaganden och tillvÀgagÄngssÀtt samt pÄ sÄ sÀtt skapa en förstÄelse för hur ett kontinuerligt arbete med kvalitetsförbÀttring fungerar.

BakgrundMultipel skleros (MS) a?r en autoimmun sjukdom som angriper kroppens egen va?vnad i det centrala nervsystemet. Skador pa? va?vnaden leder till fo?rsa?mrad impulshastighet eller till blockering av nervimpulser. Kvinnor insjuknar dubbelt sa? ofta som ma?n och sjukdomen fo?rlo?per skovvis.

This report is the result of a thesis conducted at the consulting firm Bjerking AB andis the final part of the Bachelor Programme in Construction Engineering at Universityof Uppsala. The work aims to investigate the costs and how the choice of ventilationsystem affects building projects during a long-term period. This report covers costssuch as investment, maintenance and energy but also how they affect residents andbuilders. Building regulations for energy consumption are expected to be tougher;therefore a comparison of two different heat recovery ventilation systems(HRV-system) was made. One system is based on a centrally placed unit that coversthe whole buildings ventilation through vertical shafts.

Denna uppsats a?r en studie av Svenska Dagbladets agenda och La?kare Utan Gra?nsers och Ro?da Korsets informationsflo?de med fokus pa? humanita?ra kriser. Syftet fo?r va?r studie a?r att ta reda pa? i vilken utstra?ckning hja?lporganisationernas informationsflo?de o?verenssta?mmer med Svenska Dagbladets agenda. Fo?r att fa? en helta?ckande studie vill vi a?ven ta reda pa? hur hja?lporganisationerna go?r fo?r att fo?rso?ka styra mediernas agenda.Ide?n till denna studie utvecklades efter att La?kare Utan Gra?nser presenterade rapporten Kriserna svenskar glo?mt som visar att flera humanita?ra kriser som drabbat miljontals ma?nniskor ga?tt svenskarna fo?rbi.

Couch grass (Elymus repens (L.) Gould) is a severe weed in Sweden, and since both the use of herbicides and cultivation should be decreased, it will become increasingly problematic to control couch. The present work is meant to, by literature studies and an experiment, give some answers to the question if cutting and competition can depress the growth of couch. The experiment was carried out in the growing season 2001 at Ultuna, Uppsala, in plastic boxes. The design was three-factorial randomised complete blocks. The factors were plant combination, nitrogen level and cutting strategy.