Prior research on the ability of financial ratios to predict bankruptcies has shown a significant difference between the companies that went into bankruptcy and those that survived. This paper investigates whether there is a difference in the prediction ability of financial ratios during the last financial crisis compared to relatively normal macroeconomic environments in which most previous studies have been conducted. We use univariate analysis to compare companies that went into bankruptcy during 2010 and 2011 with companies that remained active. Our dataset consists of 51 failed companies that are matched with 102 companies that remained active. All companies were Swedish limited companies with more than 50 employees and the comparison is made with 26 financial ratios.

Bakgrund: Bröstcancer Àr en stor sjukdom och varje Är insjuknar 7000 personer. DÄ 99 procent av dessa Àr kvinnor, uppmÀrksammas inte de fall dÀr mÀn drabbas. I sin tur leder det till ett outforskat omrÄde, sen diagnostik och sÀmre överlevnadsprognos.Syfte: Beskriva mÀns upplevelse av att ha bröstcancer.Metod: Författarna har valt att göra en litteraturstudie baserad pÄ sex original artiklar med kvalitativ ansats, granskade efter Willman, Stoltz och Bahtsevane (2011) kriterier. Den teoretiska referensramen var en ansats utifrÄn ett livsvÀrldsperspektiv.Resultat: I studien framkom tvÄ kategorier och fem subkategorier utifrÄn Granheim & Lundmans (2004) innehÄllsanalys. Kategorierna var: Upplevelse av att ha bröstcancer, Upplevelse av delaktighet.

Karteller Ă€r en grupp företag inom samma industri som samarbetar med mĂ„let att begrĂ€nsa konkurrens pĂ„ en marknad och höja priserna för att öka sina vinster. Konkurrensverket har i uppdrag att upptĂ€cka karteller och bevisa att samarbete har förekommit. Det Ă€r dock svĂ„rt att uppdaga dem och stĂ€lla nĂ„gon till svars. Syftet med denna uppsats Ă€r att analysera de fĂ€llda kartellerna i Sverige mellan Ă„ren 1999 och 2011, och försöka hitta gemensamma nĂ€mnare som underlĂ€ttar kartellbildningar inom dessa branscher. Även andra faktorer som kan bidra till kartellbildningen har analyserats.

Bakgrund I dagens arbetsliv ökar förÀndringstakten pÄ grund av ett alltmer internationaliserat samhÀlle. För att organisationer ska överleva Àr omorganiseringar och utvecklingsarbeten nödvÀndiga. Den första januari 2011 genomfördes en omfattande omorganisation i BorÄs Stad som bland annat innebar en omorganisering av de tio befintliga kommundelarna, vilka blev koncentrerade till tre stadsdelar. DÄ kommunen bygger pÄ beslut med demokratiskt folkvalda representanter anser vi att det Àr viktigt att ta hÀnsyn till hur omorganiseringen har upplevts för att fÄ veta om förÀndringsarbetet resulterat i engagemang hos medarbetarna och dÀrmed framgÄng. Vi finner dÀrför ett intresse att studera hur omorganiseringen av kommundelar till stadsdelar har upplevts av enhetschefer inom Àldreomsorgen i BorÄs Stad.Syfte Syftet med studien Àr att fÄ förstÄelse för hur Ätta enhetschefer upplever den omorganisering av kommundelar som genomfördes vid Ärsskiftet 2010/2011 inom BorÄs Stads verksamhetsomrÄde Àldreomsorg.

This paper investigates the autobiography of Damien Echols. The autobiographical subject, Echols, depicts his life as a marginalized youth during the nineteen seventies and nineteen eighties in Arkansas, USA. It also explores the years that Echols spent on Death Row after having been arrested along with two other youths for the murder of three eight-year-old boys; a crime all three of the accused denied having committed. In 2011, after eighteen years of incarceration, the three now grown up men were released from prison. The author of this paper discusses biography and especially autobiography as a genre and explores to what extent memories represent the actual life the autobiographical subject, Echols, has lived and if memories are or can be truthful.

Syftet med denna uppsats Àr att empiriskt testa Browns jÀmviktsmodell, genom att pÄ regionalnivÄ i huvudsak undersöka relationen mellan flöden av arbetskraft och arbetslöshet.Uppsatsen testar Àven för fler variabler för regionala karaktÀristika som i tidigare litteraturanvÀnds för att förklara regional arbetslöshet. Med hjÀlp av poolad regression och upprepadetvÀrsnitt erhÄlls varierande resultat för observationsperioden 2007-2011. Den Ärsvisavariationen i resultatet Àr tydlig dels genom signifikansen hos de Ärsvisa intercepten iregressionen baserad pÄ poolad data, men ocksÄ pÄ hur koefficienter varierar i de upprepadetvÀrsnitten. Detta leder oss till slutsatsen att Browns jÀmviktsmodell varierar i hur vÀl denfungerar empiriskt över observationsperioden. En trolig orsak till de varierande resultaten Àrden exogena chocken, finanskrisen, som nÄdde Sverige Är 2008..

Den 21 januari 2011 delades de sista tillgÀngliga blocken av IPv4-adresser ut. Detta gör att dess eftertrÀdare IPv6 Àr aktuellare Àn nÄgonsin, dÄ det snart inte finns nÄgra adresser kvar. IPv6 för med sig mer inbyggd sÀkerhet, men ocksÄ nya sÀkerhetsrisker. Detta arbete undersöker vilka sÀkerhetsrisker gÀllande tillgÀnglighet som finns vid en övergÄng frÄn IPv4 till IPv6 och vilken medvetenhet systemadministratörer har om dessa. Resultaten tyder pÄ att det finns en mÀngd olika sÀkerhetsrisker vid övergÄngen till IPv6.

In the previous curriculum for the preschool Lpfö 98, the educational responsibility was documented belonging to all the team members. On the 1st of July 2011 a new curriculum was introduced to the preschool, Lpfö 98/10, where it is documented that the educational responsibility now belongs to the preschool teachers. According to curriculum experts at the Swedish school board this educational responsibility is not new, just a clarification of the preschool teacher?s educational responsibility.This study is a qualitative study and the purpose was to interview the preschool teachers about their thoughts concerning their educational responsibility. The purpose was also to examine if their educational responsibility has affected their role in the team at the preschool and if they believe that this has any significance for their profession.My result of the study shows that the educational responsibility of the preschool teachers now has been clarified and that they should take a leading role in the team towards the goals that are set for the preschool.

The aim of this study is to investigate the needs and wishes of 10-13- year old children, so called tweens, when it comes to their local library. What kind of library do the children want? How does the mission and different functions for the children's library of today correspond to the needs of the children? Children of this certain age have been interviewed in focus groups where they have had freedom to ?create? their own library and discuss what they consider important in a library. Skot- Hansen, Rasmussen & Jochumsen's model (2011) with four important spaces for a library - performative space, learning space, inspiration space and meeting space has been part of analyzing the result. These four different areas for the library have been divided into threefunctions: a place for being, a place for learning and a place for creating.The result of the thesis shows, among others, that even though many of the aims of the libraries and the results of research correspond to the ideas and needs of the children, one of the most important functions for the children is the library as a place to relax, a quiet room, where they can dive into their books and other media, which has not been discussed in the research I have taken part of.

AbstractIn Östhammar a change has been noticed in the statistics regarding incoming reports, appraisals and investigations concerning a suspicion that a child or youth may be harmed.There are some earlier reaserch made concerning the sorting process that takes place when a report is made. In Östhammar the social workers have been interested in finding out what the main reasons are for not opening an investigation. It has also been some research from the ?sociology of childhood perspective? on how childhood is being constructed and how children are positioned in the investigative texts. From a social constructionist perspective and by using both a quantitative and a qualitative research, I have examined all the reports that have not led to an investigation from the first quarter of 2011 in Östhammar. This to find out the main explanations for not investigating and how children are positioned in such appraisals.It has been shown that most appraisals closed either because of the situation which led to the declaration no longer exists, to another input already exists, the problem is not seen as  serious or that it was felt that the parents are capable of giving the support they need. I have discovered that the childs voice is missing in most of the report investigations. I have not found any explanations to why one has chosen not to speak with the child, but there may be explanations such as limited time, limited knowledge or a will to spare the child the discomfort..

LÀroplanen för förskolan (Skolverket, 2010, Lpfö 2011) ger förskollÀrarna det övergripande pedagogiska ansvaret i verksamheten. Detta medförde att jag valde att intervjua fyra förskollÀrare för att fÄ svar pÄ hur de anvÀnder sig av barnsamtal. Mitt syfte var att beskriva hur pedagoger uppfattar och anvÀnder samtal i arbetet med barnen i förskolan. De tre frÄgestÀllningarna som jag sökte svar pÄ var; Vad ser pedagogerna inom förskolan som grundlÀggande vid barnsamtal? Varför Àr barnsamtal viktiga? Vem gynnas av barnsamtal? Studien utgÄr frÄn en kvalitativ forskningsansats och jag har anvÀnt mig av intervjuer som informationshÀmtande metod.

The aim of the study is to examine a book used as level-based teaching material, Denmagiska kulan (WĂ€nblad, 2011), to analyse the progression within and between thedifferent levels, A, B and C, intended for use in grade 1. The material is designed so thatpupils at different levels in their reading development can share the same literature.Another aim is to study the connection between illustrations and text. This literaturestudy is based on both a qualitative and a quantitative method of analysis. Thequalitative method applies a readability analysis with the focus on the graphic form andthe language of the text. The quantitative method measures the LIX (readability index)of the texts.

Titel: FrÄn vision till illusion, en studie om hur ett utvecklingsprojekt ramats om i mediernaFörfattare: Moa VennergrundKurs: Examensarbete i medie- och kommunikationsvetenskap, Institutionen för journalistik, medier och kommunikation, Göteborgs Universitet.Termin: VÄrterminen 2012Handledare: Bengt JohanssonSidantal: 53Syfte: Hur har de lokala medierna omförhandlat och byt ram av Formens hus?Metod: Kvantitativ innehÄllsanalys och diskursanalysMaterial: Nerikes Allehanda och Filipstads tidning mellan Är 2004-2011.Huvudresultat: En tydlig omramning har gjort av Formens hus i de lokala medierna dÀr en förÀndring skett i dels tilltalet i artiklarna, dels i vilken bild de lokala tidningarna portrÀtterar Formens hus och utveckling, dels vilka aktörer som fÄr uttala sig i artiklarna, dels vilka som framstÀlls som aktiva och passiva, och slutligen har studien kunnat visa att det skett en förÀndring i hur Formens hus representeras. Detta som ett resultat av en maktförskjutning i vilka som uttalar sig i medierna i fallet Formens hus..

The focus of the thesis is to examine the regional branding ofpublic libraries in Norrbotten, with the main focus on PiteÄ public library, in order to find trends that indicate a successful branding based on Hariff & Rowley?s (2011) identified key factors.The empirical data has been collected through a triangulation of interviews and documents. The findings show that they have done a proficient preparatory work prior to the regional branding of the public libraries, and that the libraries have worked together with a communication bureau in their marketing strategies since the beginning of the public library cooperation. The results also show that PiteÄ public library, through branding efforts, received another relationship with the media where the media now occasionally contact the library.The conclusion of the thesis is that PiteÄ public library promoted the library through campaigns that provide the opportunity for activities and experiences, and that they want to convey the image of itself as a venue for social interaction. The marketing of the libraries fulfill the most of the criteria, but there are still areas of branding that needs to be further explored..

Aim: The aim of this study is to do a comparative study between Swedish Ethical equity Funds with Swedish traditional equity funds in terms of return, risk and risk-adjusted return.Theory: Sharpe ratio and Modigliani-Modigliani.Method: The essay will be based on a quantitative research method in which secondary data is the basis for the calculations. A statistical analysis was applied.Conclusion: The study concludes that there is no significant difference between the ethical fund group and the traditional fund group in terms of return, risk and risk-adjusted returns. The traditional fund group was those who had the best returns but only by small margins..