Feminist initiative ? an idea analysis.On the fourth of April in the year 2005 Feministic initiative (Fi) was created, it was an main response to the slow changes in the Swedish society, which claimed to establish an equal society. Equality has become one of the major indicators of a contemporary democratic society. The Swedish government has long proclaimed to reach this goal, but even though Sweden currently lies in the front among the democratic societies, while you consider equality issues, especially between the sexes, there is still a lot that need to be done in the Swedish society. Feministic initiative began as an organization and established a political party and participated in the election during the year 2006, but failed to reach a place in the parliament.

Syftet med uppsatsen är att bidra till kunskapsbildning kring mål- och resultatstyrning i offentlig versamhet och fe en inblick i de problem som kan kopplas till styrmodellen. Vi har gjort en studie där vi har intervjuat politiker och ledande tjänstemän inom en kommun. Vi har tolkat respondenternas svar, sammanställt empirin och dragit slutsatser utifrån vår analys av aktuell mål- och resultatstyrningsteori i ett spänningsfält med olika intressen och behov. Mål- och resultatstyrningen i den kommunala vård- och omsorgsversamheten används i ett spänningsområde mellan ideologi, ekonomi och kultur. Det är en utmaning att få styrmodellen att fungera optimalt i en sådan komplex organisation..

Transboundary protected areas are a fairly recent concept that have been increasing in popularity and are increasingly being integrated into large international organizations? environmental policy making. This essay examines the phenomena through the cooperation between two national parks, Parc National des Pyrénées in France and Parque Nacional Ordesa Monte Perdido in Spain. The theoretical framework used in this essay is based upon border theory, focusing on the different factors that influence the behavior of the border dweller and how the different social conceptions of nature influence the way it is managed. The results in this study result from researching published and private documents from the national parks and interviews carried out with staff from the park administrations from both countries.

The following study is a discourse analysis of the concept of critical thinking within pre-school teacher education. It considers the following questions: how does the concept of critical thinking appear in policy documents, central to the pre-school teacher education, and which possible conceptions of critical thinking are conveyed by students and teachers active within the education. Additionally, the study seeks to discuss, as well as suggest a possible relation, between the findings of those two questions. In reviewing the material (consisting of five semi-structured interviews with students and teachers, and of a selection of policy documents central to the education), I argue the existence of a sort of project within the education, which presents critical thinking as a higher value. At the same time, I argue that the concept is not defined or concretized. This project, however, as I suggest while drawing upon Foucault?s ideas of discourse and government, involves a rather high degree of control.

Kvinnors underrepresentation är ett problem på flera sätt. För det första är det ett demokratiskt problem att hälften av ett lands befolkning är underrepresenterad då de politiska besluten inte speglar hela befolkningens erfarenheter och värderingar. För det andra handlar det om en resursfråga då kvinnliga erfarenheter och värderingar inte tas tillvara vid beslutsfattandet och viktig kunskap går till spillo. För det tredje handlar det om intressen då kvinnliga intressen prioriteras bort eftersom det inte finns någon som kan föra kvinnors talan. Enligt jämställdhetslagens §13 måste alla arbetsgivare upprätta en jämställdhetsplan som ska innehålla en översikt över de åtgärder som behövs på arbetsplatsen för att förbättra jämställdheten.

The Swedish Institute is a public agency promoting Swedish interest, national image and confidence around the world. This work attempts to investigate how communication and a process over time influences and effects public diplomacy. The analytic discussion is based on a single case study research of this Institute representing ideas in the international science field of public diplomacy. The theoretical ideas of public diplomacy are placed in a theoretical perspective of social constructivism. The method is qualitative, with excerpts taken from interviews, literature, newspapers, articles, state public reports and social media.

With higher prices for oil and increased focus on fossil fuels impact on the environment the heating sector are searching for alternative fuels. Pellets are a quite new product whose production has risen exponential in recent years. Today there are small-, medium-and large-scale users, where the large-scale consumers are the heating sector. The heating sector is mainly using oil to cover the increased demand during cold periods. The purpose of this study is to analyze the potential of pellets if it would replace thermal power plants oil and coal. The study will also analyze the economic impact a conversion would mean for a heating plant and if the pellet is a reasonable substitute. 2008 statistics from the Swedish district heating association were analyzed and a calculation was performed to determine how many tons of pellets is needed to replace coal and oil.

The aim of this study was to increase the knowledge about whooper swan (Cygnus cygnus) ecology to enhance the ability to predict and also to prevent the crop damage they cause. The largest proportion of damage in Sweden has been reported at stopover sites during spring migration in February, March and April. Therefore, this study focused on an important stopover site, Lake Tysslingen, situated in south-central Sweden. Specifically, the relation between the duration and period migrating swans stage at the stopover site and mean temperature (measured at three different weather stations) for the years 2001-2010 was studied. Furthermore, the swans´ selection for certain fields in relation to field type, distance to roosting site, a supplemental feeding site and forest edge within agricultural land surrounding the lake was analyzed.

Personlig assistans är ett ständigt växande behov hos funktionsnedsatta personer. Hur man som assistansberättigad resonerar när man väljer assistansanordnare var syftet med denna undersökning. För att försöka finna svar på denna fråga undersöktes en kommun i Sverige. Som undersökningsmetod valdes ostrukturerad intervju med totalt fyra assistansberättigade, varav två har kommunal anordnare och två har privat anordnare. Slutsatsen som drogs av undersökningen var att kommunen är till för personalen och att de privata anordnarna är till för de assistansberättigade.

The outset of this study is to contribute to the literature concerning China?s increasing economic interest to engage in the African context, its economies and resource abundandce. The overarching research problem is that the approaches held by the respective African state entities may facilitate increasing development gains for the recipient state of this economic interest in principle. To adress this research problem the study is undertaken by conducting a comparative case study where three cases/states, with presumably diverging economic and political status, are likely to effect their overall state approaches differently.Research questions, which are addressed by the creation of an idealtype analytic matrix, concern whether the states of South Africa, Zambia and Zimbabwe take on a more ?permissive? or ?restrictive? approach towards China?s economic interst and whether the approaches can be looked upon on both aggratege and case/area-specific levels.The main findings are that a clear tendency of the ?permissive approach? may be noted on a aggregate level for all cases.

Bakgrund; Förskrivningsrätten kan ge distriktssköterskan möjlighet att diagnostisera eventuella sjukdomar, förskriva läkemedel och följa upp under behandlingens gång utan att någon annan profession behöver konsulteras. Detta innebär att distriktssköterskor kan få en ökad helhetssyn i omvårdanden av patienten och därmed kan omvårdanden bli mer personcentrerad. Trots dessa positiva faktorer finns det studier som säger att endast 45 procent av alla distriktssköterskor i den kommunala hälso- och sjukvården använder sin förskrivningsrätt några enstaka gånger i veckan, och drygt 40 procent någon gång i månaden. Detta visar på att en del distriktssköterskor förskriver regelbundet, andra mer sällan och en del aldrig. Med anledning av detta vill författaren till denna studie beskriva hur distriktsköterskor upplever möjligheten att förskriva inom den kommunala hälso- och sjukvården.

This thesis tackles the subject concerning arguments as a conceptual basis forunderstanding the general strategy of the European Union Commission on issuesconcerning EU-harmonized environmental taxes, politically delicate and intergovernmentaldependent. The Commission's official proposals, communications and other relevant documents are subject to inquiry, where the theoretical bases are that harmonized environmental taxes in the EU is an issue conceived as supported by academic debate, and where the institutional arrangement in relation to an European-national dimension alongside the discursive context, allows meaningfulspace for arguments. The study makes a distinction between substantial (environmental cancerns in itself) and instrumental (other benefits, mostly economic ones) rationality as a foundation in various types of arguments.The study's main findings are that the Commission's official documents over the past 20 years, have been trying to keep a strong image of reason and knowledge based arguments for an EU-wide environmental tax reform. In particular, the types of arguments tend to appeal to the Member States by stressing the instrumental rationality in a European environmental tax reform, indicating the value of good arguments as a part of the Commission's main strategies. In sum, this may have further theoretical suggestions concerning questions of environmental and elimate change policies in a European context or other more general studies relying on theoretical assumptions of logics of argument, legitimacy or studies of motives behind action strategies in politically sensitive issues such as taxation at supranationallevel..

Problem: På 1990-talet började man att använda nya sätt att organisera och styra kommunala verksamheter på. Dessa nya lösningar bygger på marknadsidéer och förebilderna är hämtade från den privata företagsvärlden. Det är idéer som ska generera produktivitet, effektivitet och kreativa organisationer. Det centrala begreppet är företagisering. Konkurrens och kunder har därmed blivit nya ord för kommunenheterna.I dagens marknadssamhälle har marknadsföring en nyckelroll.

The study aimed to highlight workplace meetings´ benefit and what level of development. The study was done at a school in Lidköping and included two qualitative observations. Most of the groups´ members were women; one man was included in each group, and there was a mixed age structure of the meeting participants. The collection of data was then paired with the scientific literature and scientific articles. .. Our results demonstrate that group 1 spend 59% of the time on information and 41% of communication.

Syfte: Syftet med studien var att beskriva hur sjuksköterskor inom den kommunala hälso ? och sjukvården upplevde läkemedelshantering till äldre. Metod: Studien hade en kvalitativ design och data samlades in med enskilda intervjuer av fem sjuksköterskor och analyserades med hjälp av innehållsanalys enligt Graneheim och Lundman. Resultat: Dataanalysen resulterade i fyra teman med underliggande kategorier. De teman som framkom var: Sjuksköterskan har en betydelsefull roll, att ha insikt och kompetens om äldres läkemedelsanvändning, att anpassa behandlingen till patientens förutsättning och att ha en fungerande verksamhet.