The control of indoor temperature must be able to handle large time constants and both measureable disturbances like outdoor temperature, and non-measurable disturbances, like waste heat from appliances. Due to cheaper microcontrollers (small computers with designated tasks) with better performance, more advanced and computation-demanding methods for control can be used.In this thesis, Generalized Predictive Control (GPC) has been implemented and tested on a theoretically derived model of a house. GPC states that a model of the system is estimated in every sample, and the control is carried out simultaneously, based on predictions of the model. Disturbances like solar radiation can be estimated and used in the control as well. The control signals are determined by quadratic programming, which makes it possible to consider conditions, for example limitations on the control signals.GPC requires a number of parameters to be defined, like model order and control signal penalty, but is relatively robust for variations in them.

The aim of the study was to examine experiences and attitudes to dental hygienist treatment in a group of patients by using the assessment tools Corah Dental Anxiety Scale (DAS) and Dental Hygienist Beliefs Survey (DHBS) at the dental hygienist clinic, the university of Kristianstad. Another aim of the study was to test the reliability of the assessment tools. Methods: Fifteen respondents answered the two questionnaires at two different occasions before dental hygienist treatment. The results showed that nine respondents reported that they are absolutely calm when their dental hygienist is going to remove tartar, while six are a little bit worried or tensed. The categories ethics, communication, trust and control in DHBS had a positive agreement (mean value 1.1 and 1.2).

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Smurfit Kappa Kraftliner är Europas största kraftlinerbruk och ligger beläget i centrala Piteå. Den 21 april 2005 upphandlades en ny biobränslepanna som möjliggör förbränning av eget spillmaterial såsom bark, spån, bioslam och returfiberrejekt. Returfiberrejekt är en restprodukt bestående av 50% massa och 50% plast samt metallföroreningar. Den aluminiumhalt som idag råder i returfiberrejektet uppgår till 0,225% av torrsubstans, ett värde som enligt pannleverantörerna inte får överstiga 0,05%. För att möjliggöra en förbränning av returfiberrejektet krävs det att aluminiumhalten reduceras.

The purpose with this paper is that trough a description of the management control at Jitech AB find out if traditional management control have been abandoned for benefit for modern management control and in which extent the transition have happened. Further is the second purpose with this paper to find out which decisions that lies behind the design of the management control and how these are in opposition to with the theory..

Examensarbetet utreder de möjligheter som finns att göra gågatan i Piteå uppvärmd. De uppvärmningsmetoder som kommer att studeras är fjärrvärme samt utnyttjande av den avloppstub som går från Smurfit Kappa Kraftliner..

This thesis has been conducted at Saab Bofors Dynamics AB. The purpose was to investigate if a non-linear missile model could be stabilized when the optimal control signal is computed considering constraints on the control input. This is particularly interesting because the missile is controlled with rudders that have physical bounds. This strategy is called Model Predictive Control. Simulations are conducted to compare this strategy with others; firstly simulations with step responses and secondly simulations when the missile is supposed to hit a moving target.

The aim of this thesis is to examine how salesperson control can be exercised in a retail store environment. A case study has been performed on a Swedish fashion company emphasizing the relationship between the company?s upper level management and their retail store operations in order to describe, analyze and classify the prevailing management control mechanisms. The paper presents an agency theoretical approach to the relationship applying behavior- and outcome based control theory, performance measurement theory and incentives theory in order to give a comprehensive image of the control system. The main finding is that the company?s management control system as applied to the sales force in its retail stores can be categorized as mainly behavior-based despite several explicit outcome-based features..

Problem: What are the characteristics of Polykemi?s management control system and how is it affected by growth? Purpose: To describe and analyse the management control system of a medium-sized family-owned company from the perspective of Simons? Levers of control. Research design: An abductive, interview-based case study of Polykemi AB. Conclusion: Polykemi?s management control system is primarily a traditional one which is rather strong in terms of Levers of control.

This master thesis deals with problems in the arc length control in Pulsed MIG/MAG Welding. The main problem is that it is not possible to measure the arc length. In the present solution the voltage over both the electrode and the arc represents the arc length. To improve the arc length control a model of the electrode melting has been built. One output from the model is the voltage over the electrode and with this voltage together with the measured voltage it is possible to calculate the voltage over just the arc.

This study aims to examine the effect management control systems have on which goals health centers prioritize. The management control systems of one privately owned and one publicly owned health center have been studied through a qualitative case study. Robert Simons (1995) framework with four levers of control (diagnostic control systems, interactive control systems, belief systems and boundary systems) has been used to structure the study. For both health centers we found a conflict of interest mainly between the diagnostic control system and the beliefs system, where the diagnostic control system is biased towards quantitative goals and the beliefs system is mainly biased towards qualitative goals. However, despite the unbalanced levers of control the studied health centers have been able to reach a well functioning compromise between quantitative and qualitative goals..

Locus of control och självkänslaEn jämförelse mellan elit- och icke elitidrottareHelén BlomstrandBesitter individen en hög inre locus of control anser denne attindividen själv är ansvarig för valen denne gör i livet, medan en högyttre locus of control innebär det motsatta. Syftet med studien varbland annat att se om elit- och icke elitidrottare skiljde sig gällandelocus of control; får elitidrottarna högre förvärvade än traitbaseradeinre attityder gällande självkänsla och locus of control, än ickeelitidrottare, har locus of control samband med självkänsla. Enenkätundersökning genomfördes på 82 idrottare varav 42elitidrottare. Resultatet visade att elitidrottarna uppvisade signifikanthögre resultat gällande inre locus of control än icke elitidrottarnasamt att det fanns könsskillnader då männen uppvisade högre värdengällande en inre work locus of control. Resultatet indikerar även attbassjälvkänsla har ett positivt samband med locus of control.Diskussionen fördes kring om en högre inre locus of control ledertill bättre idrottsliga resultat samt kritisk granskning av gällandeuppsats.Keywords: locus of control, external and internal, athletes, self-esteem.

Denna rapport syftar att undersöka de risker och konsekvenser som uppstår för samhället och närområdet vid en brand i yttre bränslehantering hos Smurfit Kappa Kraftliner i Piteå. Yttre bränsle i denna rapport syftar på biobränsle, bark, flis, returpapper och massaved. Vid en brand bildas en mängd olika ämnen och partiklar, styrt av temperatur och vilket material som brinner. Om dessa brandgaser sprids över bebodda områden är det av stor vikt att veta omfattningen av de risker och eventuella skador som lokalbefolkningen utsätts för. De rådande väderförhållanden är en stor faktor för spridningens omfattning.Ett företag i Sverige är enligt lag skyldigt att ha ett adekvat säkerhetsarbete och själva kunna hantera de risker som de själva medför.

I en processindustri innebär ofta ett produktionsstopp stora bekymmer då hela flödet från råvara till färdig produkt kan stå stilla. Detta medför att underhållet är viktigt och att det finns reservdelar för att laga det som behöver lagas. Detta innebär att många processindustrier samlar på sig många reservdelar som kan binda mycket kapital. Ytterligare en bidragande orsak till kapitalbindning är att det är svårt att planera åtgången av reservdelar då de har en varierande efterfrågan. På Smurfit Kappa Kraftliner Piteå binds mycket kapital i reservdelar vilket blir kostsamt för företaget, dock bedrivs det idag inget standardiserat arbete för att minska på detta.

The purpose of this thesis is to find means of control that secure cost efficiency regarding the accommodation for the employees on missions abroad of the Swedish Ministry for Foreign Affairs. Today the ministry?s cost for the employees? rented housing is 100 million SEK and there is a need of improvement in the control of these costs. A work method for organizational development will be used in order to reach the findings presented in the thesis. First we study the strengths and weaknesses in today?s control system.