A study has been conducted on how organizations in Sweden administer costs of facilities management services internally. There are three main theoretical methods for administering costs. In the first method, costs are maintained on a central level; in the second method, costs are allocated and in the third method, internal transfer pricing is used. The aim of the study is to identify which methods are applied in practice, to evaluate whether the methods fulfill their intended purposes and to study the relationship between the methods used and the cost level of facilites management services. In practice, a large diversity of methods are used for facilities management costs.

Sweden is dependent on secure sea transport. Shorter disruption of imports of fuel and crude oil can be managed with an emergency stock, but a prolonged halt in imports creates problems. For industry, the vulnerability is greater. Fragmented production chains in combination with expenditure reductions in inventory causes a dependency on proper transport of intermediate goods in the manufacturing industry. A lengthy disruption thus involves disruption of production for both domestic consumption and for export goods containing imported parts.In order to secure shipping routes with a limited number of vessels, Mine Counter Measures (MCM) capacity is required, and according to the Armed Forces, developed with new sensors and autonomous vehicles.

Background: To be better able to meet the new competition, companies are seeking new competitive advantages, wich is forcing them to review and, in time, change both working methods and corporate structures. This has led to an increased interest in the development of strategies within the field of Knowledge Management. Objective: The objective of this thesis is to improve understanding of how learning in a company occurs over internal boundaries and to investigate whether individuals need to be motivated in this regard. We also aim to give recommendations as to how this can be developed. Furthermore, we will work out a model that explains the learning process.

Children's Need In Focus (BBIC) is a processing and documentation system used in child welfare cases to investigate, plan and monitor interventions. The BBIC has had a breakthrough in Sweden and out of the country's 290 municipalities, there are 284 that use the system daily as a tool in cases involving children. The purpose of this study was to examine how social workers experience the BBIC as a working system and what strengths and weaknesses there are in the BBIC concept. We wanted our study to examine how the BBIC could possibly enhance the quality of childcare matters, but also how the BBIC could potentially increase children's participation in cases. We have performed qualitative interviews with eight social workers who work in four different municipalities where the BBIC is applied daily.

Our purpose is to report on a few of the internal and external factors that influence a person to choose and dare to start his own company, instead of being employed. We would also like to get an insight on what is of strong importance when you establish a new company. This will be done with a theoretical and empirical study..

Sweden is dependent on secure sea transport. Shorter disruption of imports of fuel and crude oil can be managed with an emergency stock, but a prolonged halt in imports creates problems. For industry, the vulnerability is greater. Fragmented production chains in combination with expenditure reductions in inventory causes a dependency on proper transport of intermediate goods in the manufacturing industry. A lengthy disruption thus involves disruption of production for both domestic consumption and for export goods containing imported parts.In order to secure shipping routes with a limited number of vessels, Mine Counter Measures (MCM) capacity is required, and according to the Armed Forces, developed with new sensors and autonomous vehicles.

The aim of this thesis is to establish a ?förvaltningsplans? template to Fastighetskontoret in Vasteras city. Further general information about the mission was given at our first meeting with Rolf Haraldsson, who happened to be our mentor and works at Fastighetskontoret in Vasteras city.We agreed that using the software Excel was the most appropriate way to establish the template, because Fastighetskontoret also make use of Excel in their internal system, and also because Excel has a more friendly user interface and it is more easier to use compared to other software that have complex templates.One of the first things we did was to get in contact with different fastighetskontors around Sweden so that we could either take part of their ?förvaltningsplaner? or get referred to other material that could have been used. But this turned out to be an unsuccessful strategy.

Syfte: Huvudsyftet med uppsatsen är att undersöka ett företags givna transportstrukturs miljöpåverkan i växthusemissioner eller CO2e. Detta genom att med hjälp av olika verktyg och teorier ta fram ett antal scenarion som har en lägre miljöpåverkan än befintlig transportstruktur. Det sekundära syftet är att ta fram modeller som hjälper företaget att ta hänsyn till de ekonomiska kostnader som kan vara kopplade till en omstrukturering av transportstrukturen.Metod: Kvalitativa intervjuer om grön logistik och vilka verktyg som används i detta arbete samt en kvantitativ datainsamling i beräkningar av emissioner med hjälp av NTMCalc.Slutsatser: Ett antal olika scenarion togs fram där miljöpåverkan uppskattades, utifrån dessa valdes 5 stycken ut som hade en lägre miljöpåverkan än befintlig transportstruktur. I dessa utvalda scenarion tas hänsyn till ytterligare faktorer som exempelvis ledtider, hur många landsgränser som måste korsas, tätortskörning etc. Då det inte finns ett ekonomiskt underlag för vad ett transportstrukturbyte skulle kosta förs det en diskussion med rekommendationer över åtgärder vid ett byte av transport..

In this study we examine trade patterns between Turkey and 13 member states of the European Union and how these have developed over the time period of 1983 ? 2006. To represent the industrial and agricultural goods included in the study we look at the United Nations Standard International Trade Classification (SITC). Following, we investigate internal differences in the EU by selecting four countries each to represent the Northern and Southern countries of the EU. Internal differences were studied in relation to the amount of trade occurring between Turkey and the Northern and Southern countries.

Regulation of rivers by dams and reservoirs is a good example where anthropogenic impact could be considerable both in the local environment, but also has major implications upstream and downstream. This study was accomplished as a literature study of the river Nile, which is extremely important for water supply. The purpose of this study was to investigate the consequences of the construction of the Aswan High Dam, to obtain a consistent flow for water supply, irrigation and power generation in Egypt. Since Egypt has a very hot and dry climate large amounts of water in reservoir is lost to the Nubian aquifer system and by evaporation. The consequences from constructing the dam are considerable.

ABSTRAKTBakgrund: Interhospitala transporter innebär ökade risker för medicinska komplikationer för den kritiskt sjuka patienten. Inom ramen för intensivvårdsjuksköterskans kompetens ingår att kunna utföra omvårdnad till den kritiskt sjuka patienten under interhospitala transporter. Sjuksköterskor med specialistutbildning inom intensivvård kan under transport av kritiskt sjuka patienter uppleva oro. För att kunna förbättra omhändertagandet av patienten är det av intresse att ta reda på om det finns fler perspektiv och upplevelser av arbetet vid denna komplexa situation som en interhospital intensivvårdstransport innebär.Syfte: Syftet med denna studie var att beskriva intensivvårdssjuksköterskors upplevelse av att vårda kritiskt sjuka patienter under markbundna interhospitala transporter.Design: Denna studie har en kvalitativ design.Metod: Semi-strukturerade intervjuer med åtta intensivvårdssjuksköterskor spelades in och transkriberades för att sedan analyseras med tematiskt analys.Resultat: Ur analysen konstruerades tre huvudteman. Att sträva efter att ha kontroll över situationen, Betydelsen av ett bra samarbetet i teamet och Att utmanas i sin yrkeskompetens.Slutsats: Resultatet visade att transportera kritiskt sjuka patienter mellan sjukhus kan ge upphov till både negativa och positiva känslor.

The use of entertainment in various kinds of business events has recently increased in popularity among Swedish firms. Often, stand-up comedians are hired to entertain the employees or customers during these happenings. Generally, the firm invests a considerable amount of money in this service and is furthermore willing to pay a premium for a famous comedian. Although the market for this type of service is fairly large, the knowledge of the motives behind the investments is yet limited.A grounded theory study is carried out exploring the purpose of the entertainment as well as the rationales behind the preference for a famous comedian over an unknown. Two general types of contexts (internal and external) are identified and a number of objectives related to each type are distinguished.

Management consulting firms are an important part of the knowledge economy and they capitalize on the analytical ability and knowledge of their employees. Much research have been made on large consulting firms and their management of knowledge, but little is known about how small consultancies manage their knowledge. Even less is known about the management of knowledge in small consultancies specialized in change management. These firms rely solely on senior consultants and focus on the human aspect of organizational development. This thesis aims to show how these firms manage their knowledge and also provide an understanding of why.

Sweden is a world leader in listed private equity and ranked fifth in the world in market capitalization. The sector is attracting increasing interest from the investment community. However, the private equity industry in Sweden has historically poor reputation and is criticized for creating value through high leverage, multiple riding and severe cuts. This study analyzes value creation drivers in buyouts from the perspective of the private equity firm using a dataset of 15 realized buyouts by private equity firms listed on NASDAQ OMX Nordic Stockholm. The methodology used separates the value contribution of leverage on the private equity firm's return from internal operational improvements and external variations in transaction multiples.

The aim of this paper is to examine if the two latest Peace Plans in the Palestine-Israeli con-flict observes the sources of the conflict and presents measures in the purpose of solving them. The point of departure is William Azar?s theory of protracted social conflict (PSC). According to Azar, the internal sources of a PSC lies in three clusters of variables: the com-munal content of a society, the deprivation of human needs as an underlying source of PSC, and the role of the state in the deprivation or satisfaction of human needs. The study is de-signed as a multiple-case study where the units of analysis are the Roadmap to Peace and the Geneva Initiative.