The purpose of this paper is to give examples of different ways of economic planning and calculation within agriculcture. My aim is to use a couple of them as an explanation of a case from reality. My choice went to budgetsimulation and balanced scorecard since those are best suited in this specific case. In the information retrieval I present different instruments of economic planning like theory of cost, budget and productcalculation. The budgetsimulation describes how to use the different methods in a long term economic planning. The balanced scorecard is also a model of longand short-term planning but besides the economy planning it?s also a reminder of your personal goals. In the model I have used a dairyfarm as a case.

Ett ökat användande av den elektroniska handeln under 2000-talet har lett till en ny handelsvärld, därbland annat risk och osäkerhet är faktorer som dominerar hos den ?osäkra? kunden vid ett köp. Deelektroniska handelsföretagen arbetar hårt för en förbättring inom dessa områden, alla kunder skallkänna sig säkra att handla över internet. Därför är studiens syfte att visa hur risker kan hanteras i ettframtida scenario för betalningssätten inom den elektroniska handeln. Det har gjorts tvåundersökningar, en enkätundersökning där det mäts kundernas perspektiv på den elektroniska handelnoch betalningssätt.

Mellan 1960 och 1970 lades många järnvägssträckor ner sin verksamhet i Sverige, spåren revs upp och bilen tog över vår vardags pendling på allvar. Nu när effekterna av bilens framfart blivit kända är tåget åter ett intressant alternativ och olika gamla tågsträckningar vill återupplivas. Simrishamnsbanan är en sådan tågsträcka och är tänkta att åter förena de orter som finns mellan Malmö och Simrishamn. Veberöd är en av de orter som ligger utmed den forna tågsträckan och orten ingår i Lundskommun och mitt syfte med detta examensarbete är att finna svar på hur Veberöd ur ett ekonomiskat, socialt och ekologiskt "hållbart" sätt ska kunna anpassa sig till ett stationsnära läge, med tyngdpunkt på: Bostadsstruktur, Infrastruktur och Grönstruktur. Detta utifrån ett scenario där Simrishamnsbanan realiseras.

Uppsatsens syfte är att studera hur världsmarknadspriset på olja, kol, naturgas samt den europeiska produktionen och konsumtionen av energi påverkar den europeiska efterfrågan på energiimport från Ryssland. Arbetet utföres genom att en ekonometrisk modell skapas där respektive faktors påverkan framgår vid körning. Alla skattade koefficienter fick det förväntade tecknet, fyra av fem blev också signifikanta på 95 procents signifikansnivå. Två framtida scenarier skapades. I det första antogs världsmarknadspriset på olja stiga.

In this thesis I discuss and analyse the use of violence of Basque radical nationalists after the 11th of September 2001 and the bombing of Madrid the 11th of March 2004. The field study is performed in the Basque country with interviews both on the French and Spanish side of the border with representatives from the Basque Nationalist Liberation Movement (BNLM).After the 11th of September the Spanish government continued its struggle against the countries own terror - ETA. But as the research will show the new political context after the 11/9 made it possible for the state to intensify the labelling of groups from the BNLM as terrorist organisations and thereby putting its members and leaders in prison for terrorism. My research shows that this social change may lead to a mobilisation of activists inside ETA, which in turn might create a continuity of the group's use of violence. The scenario is though challenged by an other setting in which the political situation after the 11/9 have made use of violence by militant groups like ETA illegitimate and irrational as a consequence of the mental trauma among the people of the western world.

The use of information technology (IT) is exploding. Today, it is in our daily routines to use some kind of information technology. The increase of users increases the number of cyber crimes, ie, crimes that in some way involve IT. As the cyber crimes grow in numbers, the workload for technical investigator increases, these are called digital crime investigators. The thesis is about how police digital crime investigators work and what problems they may encounter during an investigation.

Klimatförändringen är en aktuell fråga och ett förändrat klimat kommer att inverka på  utbredningen av vektor-burna sjukdomar såsom malaria. Malaria är en sjukdom som är extremt klimatkänslig och det dör miljontals människor i sjukdomen varje år. Syftet med studien är att se vilka samband som finns mellan malaria och klimatförändringen i Sverige. Finns någon risk för malariaspridning i Sverige år 2100 på grund av den pågående klimatförändringen. Studien baseras på fem intervjuer med forskare som är insatta i malaria och klimatförändringen.

The Smart Grid technology has during the last decade been established as a way to create a greater flexibility on the electricity grid that will be needed as the development moves towards an increased share of renewable primary energy sources in the electricity production. One part of the Smart Grid technology is the ability to shift loads in time, to adapt to either price or emissions, known as Demand Response. This project, which was conducted at KTH in collaboration with the consulting corporation Capgemini, examines the economic, environmental and social aspects of the Demand Response technology. In the project, three household products are used in a model that derives the potential savings in costs and emissions of CO2e. The results show that the actual savings measured in SEK are small, but that the savings measured in percent can be as high as 20 percent. Reduction of CO2e emissions is slightly lower.

Purpose ? The purpose of this study is to identify and describe how consumer perceptions regarding information quality, sender credibility and effect of eWOM-communication differ between Facebook and Prisjakt.Approach ? Based on previous research an analytical model was designed. The parts in the model were the aspects of the problem which the present study aimed to examine. An experimental design was applied in which ten students at Örebro University were exposed to a scenario where they took part of eWOM-communication concerning a specific product on Facebook and Prisjakt and then had to answer questions in an interview. The analytical model formed the base of the interview guide used in the interview and the specific product was chosen with help from a focus group.Implication ? The study illustrates that consumers may perceive the quality higher on Prisjakt while the sender credibility can be perceived higher on Facebook.

The Swedish wolf population is like continue to grow and this will eventually lead to an increase in the predation of livestock. In Sweden carnivore attacks happen most frequent on sheep farms and the majority of these attacks are performed by wolves. Because of this, the main focus in this study is on the sheep and wolf problematic. It is not only the direct killing of livestock that affects the animals and their owners in a negative way. It has also been shown that livestock that lives close to carnivores sometimes change their behaviour in a way that will affect their ability to reproduce and to forage efficiently.

This essay is about the meeting of the pedagogic mission and the reality of the conditions in preschools. It is about the frustrations that I, as a pedagogue, experience when I cannot fulfill this mission. An example of this is working when understaffed.My purpose is the acknowledgment of two main areas of the curriculum: caring and learning. This essay demonstrates the diversity of the occupation and it ?s constant need of positioning.

The Smart Grid technology has during the last decade been established as a way to create a greater flexibility on the electricity grid that will be needed as the development moves towards an increased share of renewable primary energy sources in the electricity production. One part of the Smart Grid technology is the ability to shift loads in time, to adapt to either price or emissions, known as Demand Response. This project, which was conducted at KTH in collaboration with the consulting corporation Capgemini, examines the economic, environmental and social aspects of the Demand Response technology. In the project, three household products are used in a model that derives the potential savings in costs and emissions of CO2e. The results show that the actual savings measured in SEK are small, but that the savings measured in percent can be as high as 20 percent. Reduction of CO2e emissions is slightly lower.

Balansering av tillgång och efterfrågan har alltid varit ett aktuellt ämne och för att klara av denna balansering krävs information om kommande efterfrågan. Denna information måste ligga så långt fram i tiden som det tar för att med säkerhet få hem exempelvis material. För att lyckas med detta använder sig företag i olika utsträckning av uppskattad framtida efterfrågan, så kallade prognoser. Prognoser kan definieras som systematiska metoder för att förutsäga framtida händelser.Problemet är att oavsett hur prognoser görs stämmer det prognostiserade värdet nästan aldrig överens med det verkliga utfallet. Många företag vet att deras prognoser inte är exakta utan att veta vad de ska göra åt saken.

This thesis analyzes the effects of different fertilization strategies on forest management at Holmen Skog in Umeå district. Harvesting volumes, net present values and fertilization intensity are presented for each fertilization scenario. The planning reserve (percentage area older than minimum final felling age) was also analyzed in this study.The thesis covers the analysis of five different fertilization scenarios, varying in fertilization intensity, from no fertilization at all, to fertilization at every harvesting operation (thinning or final felling). A sub-study was also carried out so the reader in detail can see how the different fertilization scenarios affect individual forest stands of different nature. The analysis has been done with the planning tool PlanWise, which is an application of the Heureka analysis and planning system.

AbstractMotor sports have been around as long as motor vehicles have been. Sports are often seen as costly polluter but in the same time the motor sports have encourages a large part of development, both for vehicles and other industries. Inventions like rear mirror and ABS brakes come from motor sports. One way to once again drive development forward while making motor sports carbon-neutral is to run the race cars on hydrogen. In this thesis, the goal is to convert a spark ignition engine for hydrogen operation.