Patienter som genomgår en operation har normalt ingen kontakt med varken operationssjuksköterska eller en anestesisjuksköterska innan ingreppet. En första kontakt sker oftast när patienter anländer till operationsavdelningen, då är tiden knapp och gör det svårt att tillsammans med patienter planera vården. En perioperativsjuksköterska har ett etiskt ansvar att bjuda in patienter till en vårdande gemenskap och skapa förtroende genom sina möten med patienter, vilket bäst kan göras genom ett perioperativt samtal någon dag innan operationen. Idag ges sällan den möjligheten.Det finns få studier gjorda om hur spinalbedövade patienter upplever tiden under sin operation. Därför riktas uppmärksamheten i denna studie mot hur spinalbedövade patienter erfar den intraoperativa fasen.

Phosphate is a used as a surface treatment method which is used for various purposes in the industry. In this case, phosphate coated wire is used in the processes to achieve a desirable outcome. The reason to why phosphate coated wire is used in the production process is because phosphate acts as an accumulator, where it stabilizes the lubricant on the surface of the wire. Lubrication is important because it plays a major role in the roll quality and characterizes important benefits regarding the outcome.Currently, SKF has to wash away all phosphates residues after extrusion process in an operation called tumbling. The main reason for this is simply because the surface has to be completely free from lubricants and coatings till the next step of process.

Background: Several accounting scandals have caused a development from rules-based to principles-based regulation. Swedish municipalities follow the principle-based recommendations issued by RKR (The Council for Municipal Accounting). An explicit requirement of component depreciation has been introduced prior to 2014. The principles-based regulatory framework raises some choices regarding the introduction and demands that professional judgments are made. There is some risk that comparability decreases.

The purpose with this study is to examine school-leaders?, school-librarians? and teachers? expectations and aims for their school-libraries at two different schools in the city of Växjö. The study is based on these five questions:· How do school-leaders, school-librarians and teachers think about learning?· What function does the school-library have?· What roles do school-leaders, school-librarians and teachers have in the school-library?· How do school-leaders, school-librarians and teachers experience the co-operation in the school-library?· How would school-leaders, school-librarians and teachers wish that the co-operation should be?To be able to answer these questions I have done thirteen qualitative interviews and studied literature relevant to the subject. Three different theories are used as a theoretical framework; the traditional perspective, individual constructivism and social constructivism.

Phosphate is a used as a surface treatment method which is used for various purposes in the industry. In this case, phosphate coated wire is used in the processes to achieve a desirable outcome. The reason to why phosphate coated wire is used in the production process is because phosphate acts as an accumulator, where it stabilizes the lubricant on the surface of the wire. Lubrication is important because it plays a major role in the roll quality and characterizes important benefits regarding the outcome.Currently, SKF has to wash away all phosphates residues after extrusion process in an operation called tumbling. The main reason for this is simply because the surface has to be completely free from lubricants and coatings till the next step of process.

Företag möter idag allt hårdare konkurrens, detta leder till att företag i allt högre grad samarbetar med aktörer i leverantörskedjan för att uppnå kostnadsreducering. I detta sammanhang benämns Open Book Accounting som ett användbart verktyg för att uppnå kostnadseffektivitet i leverantörskedjan. Tekniken bygger på den enkla logiken att ett eller båda företagen i enrelation ?öppnar upp sina redovisningsböcker? och avslöjar intern finansiell information som tidigare hållits hemligt inom organisationens gränser, exempelvis kostnader för produkter eller processer. Genom denna öppenhet kan företagen reducera kostnader och utveckla varandras verksamheter.

Our purpose with this master thesis is to look at school libraries in two separate municipal contexts and with the help of case studies try to reach understanding of how the municipal organisation in general influences and co-operates with day to day reality. In order to achieve this objective we have posed the following questions: What importance are school libraries given in relation to questions of overall management and goals in the greater organisation? How are resources distributed and management allocated in the two cases? How are the various school libraries in the two municipalities organised when it comes to workload, employee role assumption and teamwork? In the section dealing with theory and previous research we present the theoretical viewpoint and the literature of importance for our subject. This includes a short history, reports and laws, and also some research and theory on school library organisation. Our method has been to study the circumstances in two separate municipalities, Varberg and Växjö.

Följande uppsats tar sin utgångspunkt ur den rådande situationen i Adenviken som präglas av illegal piratverksamhet. Adenviken med dess särskilda karaktäristik granskas i syfte att undersöka om det av militärteoretiker formulerade begreppet ?Fourth Generation Warfare? i någon mån är applicerbart på situationen. I syfte att svara upp mot uppsatsens frågeställning avhandlas begreppet 4 GW och dess historik, innebörd samt utveckling. Den empiriska delen av uppsatsen behandlar Adenviken och fokuserar på situationen i landet Somalia med dess pirater och deras illegala verksamhet.

An auditors? job is to review the company's figures and, as an independent part, give an accurate picture of its financial situation. Auditors have to relate to ISA where ISA 570 can be found and which deals with the going concern. The standard addresses a couple of factors that may be indications that a company can have problems with their continued operation. The problem is that ISA does not evaluate the events, which is more significant than others in the assessment, but it is up to the auditor to consider.The purpose of this paper is to describe the factors, which the auditor believes is more important than others in assessing the going concern and explain why it is so.

Drawing on theories of ethnic representations in mainstream news media and racial discrimination (van Dijk 2000, Hultén 2006, Husband & Downing 2005, Wodak 2011), and using methods of critical discourse analysis (mainly van Dijk 1993, 1991, Fairclough 1995) this bachelor thesis aims to investigate the inter-textual and inter-discursive relationship between selected editorial and opinion pieces written by three mainstream right wing ?symbolic elites? and the xenophobic blog ?Avpixlat?. The three selected symbolic elites are: Per Gudmundsson, editorial writer at the second largest Swedish newspaper SvD, Andreas Johansson Heinö, academic with a P.H.D. in political science, specialized on issues of integration and ethnic relations, and Paulina Neuding, editorial writer at SvD and editor in chief for right-wing oriented magazine Neo. All three are actively taking part in the mediated discussion of ethnic relations in Sweden from a liberal-conservative perspective.

This essay analyse the relationships between scientific paradigms and different logics of power in the field of psychiatry, primarily in the fields of attention disorders of children and schizophrenia. In these two fields of psychiatric research and treatment, there exist two scientific paradigms, a biological/neuropsychiatric and a socialpsychological, working from different standpoints regarding questions of ontology, epistemology and theories of value. Drawing from Thomas Kuhns paradigmatic theory of science, and Michel Foucaults concept of power, this essay proposes that different paradigmatic standpoints gives rise to different logics of power. Relying on the concept of power/knowledge and different paradigmatic standpoints, the essay states that the biological/neuropsychiatric paradigm produces a biological individualising logic of power that fixes the individual to his/hers biological condition. This in contrast to the socialpsychological paradigm, which on the basis of its paradigmatic standpoints produces a social-group related logic of power.

Personal assistance from a welfare perspective, offering a variety of reasons is perceived as a different design assistance than is usually there in the public social assistance depending on the strong foundations of the handicap principle autonomy and influence is in terms of how, what and when the operation is performed. The aim of our study was to highlight the handicap principle influence and autonomy in the operation of personal assistance. It is intended both to illustrate the legislature's intentions and ideologues expectations and also to examine a number of managers and personal assistants experiences of the conditions that exist for realize these principles. In order to answer our purpose and our issues, we have chosen a qualitative approach. We have first conducted a literature review and secondly implemented six interviews with personal assistants and managers.

Bakgrund: För att upprätthålla patienters säkerhet under en operation finns det rekommenderade riktlinjer att arbeta efter och stödja sig emot för operationssjuksköterskan. WHO har arbetat fram en checklista som används under operation för att höja patientsäkerheten. Syfte: Syftet var att beskriva operationssjuksköterskans uppfattningar om och behov av riktlinjer och dess påverkan på patientsäkerheten i operationssalen.  Metod: Kvalitativa semistrukturerade intervjuer i fokusgrupper. Innehållsanalys användes för att bearbeta texterna på ett induktivt sätt.  Resultat: Åtta subkategorier och tre kategorier framkom efter analysförfarandet. Kategorierna som bildades blev: Att sakna riktlinjer i det dagliga arbetet; Att känna sig säker i sitt arbete; Riktlinjers betydelse för patientsäkerhet.

Abstract; Finding needs of knowledge are important for universities but also for operation in the surrounding area. Teacher, student and other organization have to make efforts to create opportunities to develop knowledge. Without cooperate/ cooperation they can loose possibilities to develop valuable knowledge. How do the organization see upon meanings of the procedures of cooperation? How do they work with and for cooperation? What role should the universities play in the development of knowledge in todays community of change? The aim of this study is to create an understanding for the meaning of cooperation procedure by developing knowledge and how it might bring value.My interest in this is to find the means of procedure of cooperation and to create understanding.

In December 2008 the municipal council in Nybro, decided that the municipality shouldreduce the budget for food service. The budget should be reduced by 2 100 000 SEK.They decided that the children- and education committee, and the care committee would haveto lower their budget with 1 264 000 SEK respectively 636 000 SEK. The change have to bedone under two years, 60 % should be done under 2009 and 40 % under 2010.As a result of the decision, many kitchens have to become kitchens that only serve food, notcook it. This will result in preschool staff and nursing staff take over some of the tasks fromthe kitchen staff. The municipal council also decided that entrepreneurs could take over one(later two) cooking areas.A kitchen that serves food means that there isn?t any cooking involved.