In the spring of 2014 Sweco Systems AB were commissioned to design a ventilation system for a newly built preschool in Linköping. Terms from the client was that it cost efficiency would cope with the energy demands that are placed on the building. The unit chosen was a cross-flow heat exchanger, and this work is to compare it with two other heat exchangers to see if a more energy and cost efficient could have been chosen. The heat exchangers that was chosen for the comparison was a rotating- and a counterflow heat exchanger. Simulations have been made to the different heat exchangers by the manufacturers.

The purpose of this study was to, using statistical analysis, investigate to what extent families of a different cultural background have participated in family therapy and other family treatment programs at Familjeenheten in Lund. With questions regarding the goals of treatment, and the importance of cultural competence in the treatment process we have let two unit managers comment on the statistics. The population of the study is too small to allow general conclusions to be drawn, however, we have been able to ascertain that families of a different background are over-represented relative to their percentage of Lund´s population. Familjeenheten has no statistical record of ethnicity and the interviewed persons express no certain importance in the families´ cultural origins. They express no need to develop special treatment methods that take the clients´ cultural background in regard as they feel that so many of family issues are universal.

The discussion of the swedish treatment of offenders often revolves round the two contradictions punishment and care. Modern prison is described to be based on values such as humanity, care and respect, although the main task is to protect the society from criminals by keeping them locked up. This study focused on the role of the prison officer with the purpose of understanding how he sees his profesional role in an organisation influenced by punishment and care.Central questions are: How does the prison officer handle his role as caretaker in an organisation where he not only has the right to, but also is obliged to, controle and power his clients? How does the prison officer define his working role and does he find any dificulties in combining these?The research was realized during the months of April and May 2005 through qualitative interviews and conversations with prison officers working in a swedish prison. It also contained a minor fieldstudy in that same prison.The results showed that the principle conflict between punishment and care have an insignificant influence on the daily work of the prison officer.

The number of elderly in Sweden is increasing due to improved living conditions and better medical care. It is important that society adapts to the increase and begins to work preventively to reduce the costs of the increase. An important aspect is the elderly accommodation, the cost of health care in specific accommodation is almost twice as high as those for ordinary housing. Therefore, it is important that we availability adapt dwelling to allow older people to live in ordinary housing for as long as they wish, instead of moving to assisted living before they need it. If we can fulfil the elder?s needs with home care instead, society can save a lot of money.In this report, three different forms of housing has undergone accessibility increases and been inventoried and analysed.

The care for the elderly in the municipalities has recently seen the need for a formalized system for quality assurance. Under increasing demands for monetary efficiency while bound by law to retain acceptable standards in health care, there is need for efficient and at the same time quality-assured management. The municipalities often solve this puzzle by introducing systems and standards influenced by theory-clusters such as NPM (New Public Management), TQM (Total Quality Management) or other quality management theories.This essay focuses on how the public administration in the municipalities defines quality and designs and implements system for formalized quality assurance. Our basic view of organizations is institutionalist and our theoretical framework includes theories about quality, NPM and TQM..

BakgrundUppföljning av utskrivna patienter inom intensivvård har utvecklats under de senaste decennierna, där fokus varit patienternas återhämtning och upplevelse av intensivvårdstiden. Huruvida sjukvårdspersonal har behov av uppföljning har varit oklart. Därför var syftet med denna studie att undersöka intensivvårdssjuksköterskors behov av uppföljning av utskrivna patienter och behovets relation till känsla av sammanhang (KASAM). MetodEn tvådelad enkät, med fokus på behov av uppföljning och KASAM, delades ut till intensivvårdssjuksköterskor vid sex intensivvårdsavdelningar i Västra Götaland under våren 2011. ResultatAv 216 distribuerade enkäter returnerades 143 (66,2 %). Drygt 80 % av intensivvårdssjuksköterskorna skattade sig ha ett behov. Det fanns ingen skillnad i personliga faktorer (ålder, kön, erfarenhet, KASAM) mellan de med behovet och de utan.

Introduktion: Att lära känna patienten innebär både att lära känna patienten som person och att lära känna patientens fysiska reaktionsmönster. Att möta patientens livsvärld innebär att både patientens, de närståendes och sjuksköterskans perspektiv inkluderas och förstås som ett sammanhang. Att vara medvetslös innebär att inte reagera på någon form av tilltal eller fysiska stimuleringar.Syfte: Syftet med studien är att beskriva hur intensivvårdssjuksköterskan lär känna sin medvetslösa patient och att belysa intensivvårdssjuksköterskans syn på vikten av att lära känna den medvetslösa patienten.Metod: Data kommer att samlas in med intervjuer och analyseras med kvalitativ innehållsanalys. En pilotstudie där tre kvinnliga sjuksköterskor intervjuades genomfördes för att testa metodens hållbarhet. Resultat: I resultatet av pilotstudien framkom tre teman: att skapa sig en bild av patienten, att uppmärksamma patienten och en förutsättning för god och individuell omvårdnad.Resultatet visar på flera olika sätt som sjuksköterskan använder sig av för att lära känna den medvetslösa patienten.

An information audit identifies, among other things, organizations information resources, the information flow and the needs of the information users. The purpose of this masters thesis was to describe the management of information within a local unit of Borås municipality by putting an information audit-method in practice. The focus was on three issues: What information needs could be seen in the organization? How does the information flow through the organization? How does Sugan Henczels seven-stage model serve as a tool to map the management of information within the local unit? The study only described the situation at a certain time at the chosen organization. The seven-stage information audit model was revised and adjusted to the studied organization by only carrying out four of the seven steps: Planning, Data collection, Data analysis and Data evaluation.

Background: Health care is a strange place for the patient. To make this enviroment as good as possible, would the patient be well informed. The patient has right to know if it is a bad mews and often he/she needs caring after the information. Nurse´s basic responsibility is caring, for her/him it´s important to prevent the shock for the patient that can appear. Aim: Describe the nursing staff responses to the patient, using the patient´s perspective in relation to bad news. Method: A litterture review has been made with nine articles. Current research materials that meet the study´s purpose has been applied in databases and analyzed.

The purpose of this thesis was to make an energy survey and quantify energy flows of individual unit operations associated with the biogas production in Uppsala Vatten och Avfall AB:s biogas plant, located at Kungsängens gård. Moreover, large consumers of energy would be identified and analyzed. The objective of this energy survey was to obtain a detailed understanding of the energy use in the biogas production.The energy survey was divided into two parts: electricity and heat. Each part was treated separately and with somewhat different approach. To estimate the electricity usage during the projcet the rated power of each selected unit operation was noted and multplied with thenmeasured time of usage.

The purpose of this thesis was to make an energy survey and quantify energy flows of individual unit operations associated with the biogas production in Uppsala Vatten och Avfall AB:s biogas plant, located at Kungsängens gård. Moreover, large consumers of energy would be identified and analyzed. The objective of this energy survey was to obtain a detailed understanding of the energy use in the biogas production. The energy survey was divided into two parts: electricity and heat. Each part was treated separately and with somewhat different approach. To estimate the electricity usage during the projcet the rated power of each selected unit operation was noted and multplied with the measured time of usage.

The purpose of our report was to analyze the effects of youth drug abuse on the families concerned. Youth drug abuse made us wonder about the effects on the family as a whole, of those involved with drug abuse. To answer this question, we decided to employ an empiric study in the form of interviews with four teenagers, five parents and four drug counselors. Because our intent was to understand rather than try to measure the problems involved, we decided on a qualitative method. Our method built upon semi-structured interviews using open questions, where the interviewees were free to express their own thoughts and opinions.

Introduction: Domestic violence is a big public health problem and the hiddennumbers over victims are big. There is a lack of scientific research in the Nordiccountries when it comes to how the health- and medical care identify and care for thevictims of domestic violence. Aim: This literature review has two aims: To investigatewhat kind of methods maternal health services, child health services and gynecologyclinics in the Nordic countries use to discover women and children exposed to domesticviolence and to investigate if there are any guidelines to go by when a victim ofdomestic violence is identified. Method: A literature review. 12 articles were found inPubMed, Scopus and Cinahl and three more were included after a manual search.

Bakgrund: Den intensivvårdskrävande patienten är många gånger i behov av transport utanför intensivvårdsavdelningen för diagnostiserande undersökning eller behandling. Transporten är riskfylld då patienten kräver komplicerad utrustning och avancerad medicinsk behandling. Studier visar att patientsäkerheten ökar om policydokument används vid transportprocessen.Syfte: Studiens syfte var att kartlägga antalet policydokument som reglerar intrahospital transport i Stockholms län och jämföra dem med en guideline.Metod: Urvalet bestod av policydokument från 11 intensivvårdsavdelningar i Stockholms län. Metoden utgjordes av deskriptiv dokumentinnehållsanalys.Resultat: Sex av elva intensivvårdsavdelningar i Stockholms län hade policydokument som reglerar intrahospital transport. Policydokumenten hade fem gemensamma huvudämnen: Riskbedömning, bemanning, förberedelse, övervakning och utrustning vilka överensstämde med dem i guidelinen.

The emergency medical care in Sweden has been under persistent debate, due to factors such as long waiting hours, inefficient patient flow, and understaffed departments. In an effort to meet the critique and with a willingness to improve the problems, an increasing amount of emergency clinics are adopting theories and models within Lean. Positive outcomes are evident, there has been some criticism directed towards Lean. Among these is the argument that in order for Lean to be successful it needs to be used within standardized and foreseeable processes, and that it therefore only is applicable to those kind of processes found within industrial production. This prompted the question of whether Lean was a suitable strategy within emergency medical care, considering the large variation of patients and non-foreseeable processes that in fact share little resemblance to that of industrial production.