Findus Sverige AB, referred to asFindus from now on, harvests peas during a period ofaround 50 days during the summer. The harvest generates about 30 000 tonnes of peas which gives around 40 000 pallets to distribute to the warehouses which Findus uses for final storage. Three hours after the peas are picked in the fields, they have to be frozen to keep their good taste and quality. Because of this the pallets are marked with a preliminary label with quality classification of the content. The Findus quality department then has one day to determine the correct quality of each pallet.

Lerbodaälven is a river in the municipality of Kil which, due to high phosphorus content is not meeting the requirements for good ecological status according to the Water Framework Directive. The purpose of this report is to investigate the causes for the high content of phosphorus that has been measured in Lerbodaälven between 1995-2010. Four questions will be answered in this report. 1. Does the sewage treatment work affect the phosphorus level in Lerbodaälven? The result from the time series analysis shows that the sewage treatment works have a small impact on the phosphorus level in Lerbodaälven.

This thesis aims to present the essential background on how to perform climate changeimpact assessments, and to present the results from a climate impact assessment on waterbalance and nitrate leaching for an arable Swedish soil. The soil is a sandy soil in southwesternSweden, grown with spring cereals. This study is meant to be a benchmark example,and cannot be seen as a regional or national assessment for Sweden, rather as an approachto present and analyze the most important parts of these kinds of assessments.A dynamical simulation model (COUP, Jansson and Karlberg, 2004) was used for thisstudy. The model was parameterized and calibrated against data from an experimental site,located in Mellby in Hallands county, south western Sweden. Measurements were carriedout between 1st of April 1988 and 1st of April 1991.

Projektet har bedrivits på GE Healthcares fabrik i Umeå där system för främst proteinrening/kromatografi tillverkas. Fabriken monterar en rad olika modeller tillverkningsmetoden är i första hand manuell montering. Syftet med examensarbetet är att kartlägga och optimera produktionsflöden i fabriken samt ta fram förslag på ny produktionslayout för hela fabriken samt en mer detaljerad layout för produktionsgruppen StandardÄKTA. Projektet har bedrivits enligt principen för Ranhagens (1995) projektspiral där samtliga faser arbetas igenom ett antal gånger men fokus flyttas för varje varv. Vidare har stort fokus legat på beskrivningen av nuläget, noggranna tidsstudier har utförts vilket både gav underlag för analyser såväl som skapade en större förståelse för arbetet och var den största utvecklingspotentialen finns.

The study was conducted in Jönköping County Chamber of fibrillation and is about change and improvement of process modeling technology. The process for treating patients with fibrillation is in the need to evolve and improve. In order to develop the care they needed a current state description which usually is made with the traditional process modeling tool.Many scientists and health professionals is in the opinion that this technology gives a too rigid image to describe the care processes. It also does not sufficiently take into account the human aspects. This reasoning suggests that the process modeling technology in healthcare is in the need to develop multiple perspectives.

Eutrophication of the Baltic Sea and Swedish lakes remains a major problem despite many years of effort to reduce the emissions of nutrients. One major source is waste water systems, especially private sewage systems. These sewages accounts for a very large share of nutrients per capita in comparison with citizens connected to larger sewage treatment plants. Norrtälje community has the greatest number of private sewage systems in Sweden. Discharges of nutrients, especially phosphorus, to the Baltic Sea from these sewage systems are significant.

ProblemformuleringDet vi med denna uppsats vill undersöka är hur en tjänsteorganisations produktivitet kan mätas. Därför lyder vår problemformulering enligt följande: Hur kan produktivitet mätas i en tjänsteorganisation? Produktiviteten i en tjänsteorganisation påverkas av ett antal faktorer, till exempel personalen, kommunikation, ledarskap och de IT-system personalen arbetar i. Med ?mäta? syftar vi till att kvantifiera de kvalitativa faktorer som påverkar produktiviteten. SyfteUtöver att se hur produktiviteten kan mätas i en tjänsteorganisation ska vi utveckla en modell som visar hur tjänsteproduktiviteten kan mätas samt identifiera vilka faktorer som påverkar och hur de påverkar produktiviteten.

Ericsson AB Katrineholm är en produktionsenhet inom Ericsson AB med ansvar för tillverkning och industrialisering av kretskort och noder. Enheten upplever en förändrad konkurrenssituation och har därför beslutat att Lean Production ska införas i verksamheten. Som ett led i implementeringen ska värdeflödesanalyser genomföras, men någon kunskap eller tydliga riktlinjer för hur dessa ska genomföras finns inte idag. Vidare är ett av de konkreta målen med implementeringen att ledtiderna genom kretskortstillverkningen ska förkortas. Syftet med examensarbetet har därför varit: Att utvärdera metoden värdeflödesanalys med avseende på ledtidsreduktion samt att ge rekommendationer till fallstudieföretaget för fortsatt arbete med metoden.

Examensarbetet har utförts på Saab Aerostructures och avdelningen Logistik på Institutionen för industriell och ekonomisk utveckling vid Linköpings universitet. Saab Aerostructures arbetar med utveckling, industrialisering och tillverkning av flygande strukturer, vilket innebär bland annat helikopterkabiner till NH90, vingbalkar till Airbus A380, dörrar till Boeing 787 Dreamliner och kompletta skrov till JAS 39 Gripen.Traditionellt har fokus legat på att ha en störningsfri produktion, men för att förbättra lönsamheten har Saab beslutat att börja arbeta mer effektivt i sin materialförsörjning och har på grund av detta behov av att kunna mäta dess effektivitet. Syftet med examensarbetet är därför att ta fram och definiera nyckeltal som mäter den logistiska effektiviteten i Saab Aerostructures materialförsörjning.Nyckeltalen som tas fram ska kunna beräknas med hjälp av den data som finns tillgänglig i affärssystemet, ERP. Det innebär att resultatet av examensarbetet består av ett antal framtagna nyckeltal inklusive information om vilken data från affärssystemet som ska användas samt hur de ska beräknas. Resultatet ska fungera som en input till den som ska genomföra implementeringen av nyckeltalen.För att uppfylla detta har vi dels genomfört en teoretisk studie som ledde fram till vilka mått som kan vara aktuella att mäta för att åskådliggöra den logistiska effektiviteten i materialförsörjningen och dels via en kartläggning av Saabs materialförsörjning identifierat ett antal intressenter som kan ha behov av nyckeltal.

At the centre of this study lies the question if normative gender thinking affects the way poetry gets reviewed and how the reviews are written, this in relation to both the gender of the reviewer and the poet. The study crosses three academic fields; gender studies, poetry and journalism, and is based on the cultural studies theory of media affecting and even creating the world around it.The study is based on two types of analysis. One quantitative analysis based on the thematic criticism theory about detail studies that shows bigger patterns, this analysis focuses on how the poet and his/hers work are being treated in the reviews in areas such as how much space they´re given in the newspapers, how they are named by the reviewer and the tendency to quote the reviewed work.  And one qualitative analysis based on the new criticism method of close reading, that focuses on the reviewers way of writing and how that may be connected with theories of gender differences, this both connected to the gender of the reviewers and the poets.The material chosen for this study are all the reviews that were published in the same newspapers and that reviewed two specific poetry works by two specific poets chosen with great sensibility to age and career so that their difference in gender would be the most significant difference between them. The works were chosen based on year of publishing, they were supposed to be published as newly as possible and as close to each other in time as possible.

Stem rust, Puccinia graminis, has caused enormous yield losses throughout history which have had significant consequences for oat and wheat production. Today in Sweden stem rust is only reported from rye, oats and wild grasses. Stem rust infections in wheat have become unusual due to the general use of resistant wheat varieties and also due to the eradication of barberry, Berberis vulgaris, the alternate host for P. graminis. According to international sources, new races of P.

The competitiveness and profitability of swedish farm enterprises is frequently discussed in agricultural media. Increased exposure to the surrounding world with greater competitive pressure and considerable price fluctuations in the agricultural markets demand new ways of acting to secure the agricultural sector?s long-term survival and profitability. Structural change and/or diversification leads to increased numbers of stake-holders around the farm enterprise and thereby also the expectations of the farmers ability to lead and coordinate resources. Lean is the name of a management model developed by Toyota, influenced by the lack of resources in Japan during the post WWII period.

Background for the research problems: Small companies are very important for the economic stability and development, something which the economic crises in recent years have underlined. Therefore it?s important to minimize administrative costs for smaller companies and also in other ways facilitate their further development. For these reasons accounting has been simplified and auditing abolished for smaller companies in many countries. In Sweden auditing for small companies was abolished nearly three years ago.

The building sector accounted for around a fourth of the total energy usage in Sweden in year 2010 (Energimyndigheten, 2012). Therefore it has become very interesting to achieve a lower energy usage in residential buildings. One way to achieve that is to build so called passive houses. By being very well insulated and have low leakage through the walls, they can reduce the energy usage for heating with a substantial amount. The first passive house was built during the 90?s in Germany; and in Sweden the first passive house was built in Gothenburg 2001.

Background for the research problems: Small companies are very important for the economic stability and development, something which the economic crises in recent years have underlined. Therefore it?s important to minimize administrative costs for smaller companies and also in other ways facilitate their further development. For these reasons accounting has been simplified and auditing abolished for smaller companies in many countries. In Sweden auditing for small companies was abolished nearly three years ago.