The purpose of this study is to examine secondary teachers' perceptions of conflict, conflict management, conflict prevention and conflict communication. In addition to theory, I conducted individual interviews and focus group discussions. Most teachers have a common view and argues that a conflict occurs when two or more individuals do not agree on something. Typical conflicts are about grades, teachers' changing professional roles and cellphones in the classroom. In my view, it seems as if the mobile phone has taken over the core conflict that caps created for some 10 years ago, functioning now as the dominant symbol in an ongoing development process providing space for meeting and dealing with conflicts in a constructive way..

Injuries are considered to be a major public health issue. More than 4600 people die each year and 10 % of all hospitalization in Sweden is related to injuries. The cost in a societal perspective is estimated to 59 billion a year. Injuries are possible to prevent. However it needs knowledge that the injury has occurred and the surrounding circumstances.

During the last years, meticillin resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (MRSP) have caused an increasing number of infections in Swedish dogs. MRSP is resistant against a majority of the antimicrobials available for dogs in Sweden, making it difficult to treat the infection. Our knowledge of the bacterium is limited, making it hard to handle infected dogs in a proper way. The aim of this study was to investigate for how long time dogs, who have an infection caused by MRSP, become carriers of the bacterium. Other factors like treatment with antimicrobials, the correlation between clinical symptoms and carriage, common diagnoses and institutionalization where also looked upon.

Syftet med litteraturstudien var att beskriva förebyggande omvårdnadsåtgärder vid ventilatorassocierad pneumoni (VAP), vilket är en form av pneumoni som är sjukhusförärvad och relaterad till att patienten är intuberad, så kallad nosokomial infektion. Längre vårdtid, ökad kostnad samt mortalitet ses vid VAP. Resultatet som framkom var att personal ska ha god handhygien vilket var en av viktigaste åtgärden för att förebygga VAP. Andra förebyggande omvårdnadsåtgärder är att vårdpersonal ska hjälpa patienten som vårdas i respirator med munvården och använda hjälpmedel för detta. Personal ska även hjälpa patienten med lämplig höjning på huvudgärden då detta också minskar riken för VAP, även sugning och befuktning av luftvägar är en åtgärd som patienten behöver hjälp med..

Syftet med studien var att undersöka vilka evidensbaserade omvårdnadsåtgärder det finns för att förebygga trycksår. Vidare var syftet att undersöka vilka preventiva åtgärder som sjuksköterskan tillämpar samt i vilken utsträckning detta sker. Studien utfördes som en systematisk litteraturstudie. Litteratur söktes i databaserna Cinahl och Medline samt via sökmotorn Elin@Dalarna. Artiklarna skulle vara publicerade år 2003 eller senare, skrivna på svenska eller engelska samt tillgängliga i fulltext.

Risken för att drabbas av en ACL-skada är relativt låg men med idrottande ökar risken avsevärt. Störst risk att drabbas har unga aktiva kvinnor. Prevention av knäskador är viktigt för att kunna förhindra sekundära påföljder såsom knäartros, knäinstabilitet, smärta och nedsatt rörlighet. Risken för artros är 105 gånger större i ett korsbandsskadat knä jämfört med ett oskadat. Syftet med den här studien var att sammanställa den vetenskapliga litteraturen över åtgärder för att minska incidensen av ACL-skador inom idrotten.

Aim: The aim of this paper was to investigate whether scientific evidence exists to improve, of students? perceived, insufficient infection control in isolation facilities in companion animal hospitals in Sweden. Material and methods: A question was emailed to the students in the last year of the animal nursing program at SLU in the spring 2012 to get their view of perceived insufficient infection control. A literature study was thereafter preformed using the search engine Web of Knowledge. Results: The students reported several perceived shortcomings which were divided into five categories: basal hygiene, isolation routines, cleaning and disinfection, patient flow and other. Studies supporting that the shortcomings perceived by the students also exist in human health care and to some extent in animal clinics and hospitals were found. Furthermore, scientific evidence that improved hand hygiene, glove procedures and cleaning and disinfection reduces the risk of nosocomial infections in humans was reported. Conclusion: There is not a lot of research performed in the area of infection control in animal nursing.

Introduction Every tenth patient in Sweden is affected by nosocomial infections. Among these, urinary tract infection (UTI) is the most frequently occurring within the hospital environment. Nosocomial infections lead to increasing costs for care, more suffering among the patients, increasing use of antibiotics, and longer treatment spells. The Academic hospital have engaged all wards in the so called VRISS-project (?nosocomial infections must be stopped?) in order to reduce the number of nosocomial infections.Aim In connection to the VRISS-project new routines for removal of uretrahl catheters are introduced at ward 70E2 at the Academic hospital.

Since drinking habits are created in social environments the workplace has an important role in alcohol prevention. This study has investigated employees (N=216) in a Swedish municipality work organisation with the purpose to describe the alcohol culture in workplace and how it influences on the workers attitudes towards alcohol. The theoretical baseline for the study has been Ames and Janes framework that explains the relation between workplace culture and drinking habits among workers. The study showed significant relations between restrictive attitude towards alcohol and not drinking with co-workers (POR: 2.5) and feeling low pressure in the work situation (POR: 2.2). Therefore it should be of interest for employers to adopt a cultural perspective and a primary prevention strategy in their alcohol policies that focuses on social relations and the workplace conditions.

Neospora caninum is an intracellular parasite that was first recognized in dogs in 1984. The parasite is now one of the most commonly diagnosed infectious causes of abortion in cattle word wide. N. caninum is transmitted to cattle in two ways. They may be infected from eating food contaminated with oocysts from a definitive host or they may be infected in utero from an infected mother. The infection is transmitted efficiently from cow to her offspring and this can occur for generations.

Bullying is a big problem in schools and many children are afraid of go to school. There are many methods and measures to prevent bullying, but bullying is still remains. This study is about the differences and similarities between methods to prevent bullying at two classes. The purpose of my essay is to research measure that uses by four teachers to prevent bullying and to get description of their work against bullying.My question is: How is the prevention of bullying in the two classes where informants working?This study is focuses on prevent bullying at two classes on two multicultural schools in Stockholm.

Trycksår medför lidande för patienten, förlängd vårdtid och ökade ekonomiska kostnader för samhället. Ett första led i prevention och behandling av trycksår är riskidentifiering och bedömning av nyinskrivna patienter, patienter vars tillstånd har förändrats under vårdtiden samt patienter som skrivs ut från sjukhuset. Syftet med denna studie har varit att undersöka följsamheten avseende användande av modifierad Nortonskala för riskbedömning av trycksår på UMAS. Statistik från tre kliniker på UMAS har sammanställts och granskats. Resultatet visar att patienter i hög grad inte riskbedöms vid in- och utskrivning.

Ett blodtryck som överstiger 140/85 mmHg diagnostiseras som hypertoni, och upptäcks ofta av läkare och distriktssköterskor i primärvården. Forskare menar att hypertoni går att förebygga med prevention, och att förebyggande åtgärder är ekonomiskt försvarbart då många drabbade är i arbetsför ålder. Prevention av hypertoni innefattar förändring av patientens levnadsvanor och kan implementeras av distriktssköterskan. En kvalitativ studie genomfördes av författaren under hösten 2011. Sex stycken distriktssköterskor från fyra olika vårdcentraler intervjuades om sina erfarenheter av prevention för patienter med hypertoni.

Canine parvovirus is associated with two disorders: enteritis, which is common, and myocarditis, which is rare. Prominent clinical signs of parvovirus enteritis are vomiting, diarrhea and rapid dehydration. Canine parvovirus type 2 (CPV-2) is very contagious. When CPV-2 first emerged it had high rates of mortality, but later studies have shown that most infections are self-limiting and do not require veterinary care. Mortality rates vary greatly, and therefore it is important to determine risk factors for developing severe canine parvovirus enteritis.

Introduction: Suicide is a major public health problem both internationally and in Sweden. Itis known in research that sex and gender have a bearing on the incidence of suicide andattempted suicide. Gender Bias in medical research could lead to medical errors and to thatthe problem is made invisible. That is why it is important to identify and eliminate them. AimThe purpose of this paper was to examine whether there is gender bias in scientific articlesdealing with suicide prevention interventions and how this is expressed.