The aims of this project were to describe the circumstances around dogs being left alone in cars, to investigate owners? knowledge of the risks associated with leaving dogs in cars and the relevant legislation and, finally, to study how changes in the air temperature and air composition in the car affect the dog. The project consisted of a survey of the literature, a questionnaire part and an experimental part. An important conclusion is the importance of the level of knowledge of owners, since there are several ways in which an owner can prevent their dog from heat stroke and, in the case of an eventual accident, their action can have direct consequences in minimizing the long-term damage to the dog and even whether or not it survives. Fewer than half of the owners in the study knew that for a dog suffering heat stroke, the most important thing is to bring the body temperature down. Only a third of dog owners knew that if a dog is left in a warm car and showing signs of heat stress, then the police should be contacted and the dog quickly helped out of the car.

This project was initiated by a desire to improve our knowledge about animal welfare. It is a part of a series of projects involving the way dogs are kept in today?s society. The aim of this project was to investigate the dog?s behaviour when left alone in a parked car.

The increased frequency of reported Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (MRSP) is of great concern to small animal healthcare due to limited options of antimicrobial therapy. The aim of this literature study is to investigate 1) characteristics and classification of S. pseudintermedius, 2) resistance mechanisms and emergence of MRSP, 3) risk factors for selection of MRSP, and 4) clonal distribution around the world. S. pseudintermedius is a skin and mucosal commensal in healthy dogs and cats, but can cause infections, including pyoderma. Beta-lactam antibiotics inhibit bacterial growth by binding to the penicillin binding protein (PBP), a vital enzyme in the synthesis of the bacterial cell wall.

The purpose of this study was to develop a reliable molecular-genetic method to determine the different species of helicobacter in dogs. The study is part of a larger project to map the prevalence of Helicobacter spp in healthy and sick dogs in Sweden, and to determine the possible connection of Helicobacter spp infection with gastrointestinal diseases in dogs. Several published studies have reported on the prevalence of Helicobacter spp in dogs. The problem is that three of the most common species are so alike that a 16SrRNA-PCR with sequencing is not able to differentiate between them. In this study, DNA has been purified from samples and then a Multiplex PCR has been performed. Multiplex PCRs use multiple primers in one single PCR.

The use of artificial insemination (A.I.) as an alternative to normal mating in dog breeding in Sweden are controlled by regulations from the Swedish Board of Agriculture and by ethical rules assigned by the Swedish Kennel Club. Only veterinarians, who have a specific certificate and are specially trained and educated, are allowed to perform inseminations in dogs. Each artificial insemination must be documented and reported to the Swedish Kennel Club (SKK) which, on the behalf of the Swedish Board of Agriculture, yearly presents statistics concerning the use of A.I. in Sweden. The objective of this study was to illustrate the use of artificial insemination in dog breeding in Sweden for the last decade, using the yearly reports from the Kennel Club during the period of 1995 to 2004.

It is well known that dogs often have Helicobacter spp in their stomach. The importance of these bacteria in the development of gastrointestinal disease in dogs is still unknown. In humans, Helicobacter pylori is a causative agent of chronic gastritis and gastric ulcers. In contrast to humans, dogs seldom harbour naturally acquired H. pylori.

Bakgrund: Ohälsa ökar idag i Sverige inom flera olika hälsoområden. Sjukdom eller andra hälsorelaterade besvär kan innebära en livsomvälvande situation för många individer. Att uppleva otrygghet och ensamhetskänslor samt avsaknad av stöd och bekräftelse i samband med detta kan bidra till ytterligare ohälsa då vårdpersonalen är påverkade av stress och tidsbrist. Antonovsky betonade vikten av ett salutogent perspektiv för att främja hälsa. Syfte: Att belysa vilka hälsofrämjande effekter hunden har på patienter inom vård och omsorg.

Today therapy dogs (Canis lupus familiaris) service people more than ever and different categories of work places use therapy dogs to help their caretakers. Many studies have been made on the positive effects in patients when they are given contact with a dog, but very little have been done on how the dog experience its situation and what kind of behaviour a therapy dog shows during its working days. This work was made to investigate the behaviours that educated therapy dogs in Sweden showed when they were in contact with a caretaker and to find out if the dogs showed any signs of stress or some other kind of discomfort. To do this a survey was sent out to 17 educated therapy dog handlers in Sweden that together had 18 educated therapy dogs. The survey contained 39 questions about the daily work of the therapy dogs when they were together with caretakers and some questions about the therapy dogs spare time. A question about what kind of dog breed the therapy dog handlers had were also in the survey to investigate if some breeds were more usual as therapy dogs.

Den nuvarande svenska regleringen beträffande det straffrättsliga ansvaret för psykiskt störda lagöverträdare är i ett internationellt perspektiv unik. I svensk gällande rätt är psykiskt störda människor ansvariga för sina handlingar i den meningen att de inte frikänns utan kan dömas till påföljder. Det är 30:6 BrB som reglerar den straffrättsliga särbehandlingen, som har flyttats från ansvarsledet till påföljdsledet, genom ett fängelseförbud för allvarligt psykiskt störda gärningsmän. I vissa, inte alldeles ovanliga, fall kan gärningsmannen ha begått brottet under en kortvarig men allvarlig psykisk störning, här kallad ?kortvarig psykos?.

Bakgrund och problemdiskussion: Musikindustrin har gått mot allt mer nätverksbaserade former. Detta har även forskningen inom området för ekonomistyrning inom interorganisatoriska miljöer. Forskningen har dock främst koncentrerats på varuproducerande branscher. Musikindustrin karaktäriseras av många relationer och samarbeten, varvid det uppstår ett behov av att förstå och utveckla ekonomistyrning för att hantera dessa. Det empiriska glapp som har konstaterats, tillsammans med möjligheten att studera några av Sveriges största artister, leder fram till frågeställningen: Hur utformar och använder artisten ekonomistyrning i det interorganisatoriska nätverk de verkar i?Syfte: Syftet med studien är förutom att kartlägga och analysera hur ekonomistyrningen utformas och används, samt att etablera uttrycket artistorganisationen som ett begrepp för artistens nätverk.Metod: Då författarna ingående ska kartlägga hur ekonomistyrningen används och utformas så är studien av deskriptiv karaktär.

Immune-mediated haemolytic anaemia (IMHA) is an immune-mediated destruction of erythrocytes and is one of the most common haematological diseases diagnosed in dogs. The haemolysis is a type II immunoreaction and is initiated by IgG or IgM antibodies or complements. This retrospective study includes 63 dogs suffering from primary IMHA. The study was based on information from records from the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences in Uppsala and from the Animal Hospital in Strömsholm. The aim of the study was to evaluate the progress of the disease, treatment and the prognostic factors in different breeds, gender and age. Following criteria were used for the dogs to be allowed in the study: the dogs were diagnosed with anaemia, the anaemia was regenerative and autoagglutination and/or spherocytes were seen in the blood. About 50 % of the dogs in the study were diagnosed with IMHA within 2-6 years of age. Wire-haired dachshund was remarkably one of the most common breeds in this study together with Cocker and Springer spaniel.

Fryst eller kyld sperma används ofta vid artificiell insemination på hund. Skador kan uppstå på spermierna under frysningsprocessen. För att spermierna ska bibehålla sin viabilitet och undvika skador tillsätts spädningsvätskor som bland annat innehåller sockerarter, antibiotika, glycerol och äggula. Äggula skyddar spermierna mot frysskador och bidrar till en ökad spermieöverlevnad, dock är mekanismen bakom detta ej helt klarlagd. Att äggula ingår i spädningsvätskan kan medföra en risk för mikrobiell kontamination och innebära ett problem vid internationell handel med sperma.

Chemotherapy is one of the most important methods of treatment available today for the treatment of neoplastic diseases and gives many patients an increased quality of life and a prolonged survival time (McKnight, 2003). The object of this study was to find out more about owners? views on and experiences of chemotherapy of dogs when it comes to for example quality of life, side effects and if they would make the same decision and treats their dog again in the future. A questionnaire was in the spring of 2009 sent out to the owners of 100 dogs that had been treated with chemotherapy for neoplastic diseases at Universitetsdjursjukhuset, Sveriges Lantbruksuniversitet (SLU) in Uppsala between 2002 and 2008. The response rate was 67 %.

Denna litteraturstudie är en sammanställning av befintliga studier om vilka fysiologiska processer som styr aggressivt beteende hos hundar samt vilka genetiska mekanismer som påverkar nedärvningen. Eftersom tusentals människor i Sverige varje år uppsöker akut sjukvård på grund av hundbett och för att aggressivitet hos hundar uppfattas som ett allvarligt beteendeproblem av hundägare behöver problemet få en långsiktig lösning. Genom kunskaper om hur aggressivitet styrs fysiologiskt och hur beteendet nedärvs ökar möjligheterna till att kunna mäta aggressivitet objektivt och att kunna bedriva en avel som resulterar i mindre aggressivitet hos hundar. Att fight, flight och fright är möjliga responser vid stress är känt sedan länge men vad som fysiologiskt skiljer mellan de olika responserna är inte lika klarlagt. Flera signalmolekyler i kroppen verkar ha ett starkt samband till aggressivt beteende och en av dem är neurotransmittorn serotonin. Serotonin har en känd beteendepåverkan hos människor och ser ut att ha en betydande roll i styrningen av aggressivitet hos hund. I genetiska studier på hundar har aggressivitet associerats till alleler i gener som kodar för neurotransmittorer.

Every year many dogs in Sweden are bitten by the adder, a venomous snake (Vipera berus). Despite the fact that adder bites are so common in dogs there have been few investigations made that study the effects of treatment with glucocorticoids, a drug that is commonly used. We have carried out a literature study concerning adder bites in dogs and a prospective study where case history, clinical signs and treatment have been recorded in dogs that were presented at two veterinary hospitals after a confirmed or suspected adder bite. Fifty three dogs were included in the study out of which 22 were treated with glucocorticoids. In our study, the group of dogs treated with glucocorticoids was compared with the group of dogs that did not receive glucocorticoid treatment by the owner or on arrival at the clinic.