The purpose of this thesis was to examine how locally produced bioenergy may contribute to meet the climate target year 2050 in the municipality of Uppsala. The goal of reduced GHG-emissions from current 6,8 ton CO2-equivalents to 0,5 ton CO2-equivalents per capita and year, year 2050 is based on avoiding harmful penalties of an increased level of GHG in the atmosphere. By estimating available biomass in the county together with examining future technologies and emission factors for the substrates used, four possible future scenarios has been developed focusing either on electricity generation or production of biofuels. GHG-emissions of year 2050 have been calculated using the software LEAP. The conclusion is that bioenergy, depending on how it is integrated in the energy system, may reduce greenhouse gas emissions between 0.6 ton CO2-equivalents and 1.4 ton CO2-equivalents per capita or 12% to 25% compared to 5.5 ton CO2-equivalents in the reference scenario 2050. The greatest reduction is obtained if biofuels are produced in combination with energy efficient heat requirements in buildings..

I detta examensarbete undersöktes möjligheten att installera värmeåtervinningssystem för ett flerfamiljehus i Hovgården som ligger en bit utanför Borlänge. I rapporten redovisas två olika sätt för energibesparingar som är aktuella för att ersätta borttagning av oljepannan som används i huset i dag. En rad svårigheter dök upp under undersökningen för installation av nytt värmesystem. Lämpliga lösningar kunde hittas efter mycket analys. Syftet med rapporten var att undersöka möjligheten och lönsamheten för installation av något av följande system; FVP eller VBX-modul som kan återvinna värme ur frånluften.

Rooted in Industrial Ecology (IE) theory, this report evaluates how urban agricultural concepts and techniques, can contribute to improved ecological sustainability within the inner city boundaries of Stockholm. An overarching literary study as well as an interview was carried out, resulting in a qualitative analysis followed by suggestions for practical implementations. A substantial convergence was found between the eco-restructuring objectives of IE and the principal motives for urban agriculture. Consequently, eco-restructuring objectives are found in varying degrees in the presented urban agricultural techniques. Industrial symbioses, permaculture and combinations of urban agricultural techniques are tools which are capable of corresponding adequately to the diversity of urban settings.

In connection with the admittance of the EC-directive (99/31/EC) in Swedish politic, through the constitution of waste depositing (2001:512) at year 2001, the rules about management the landfills and leachates tightened. At the landfill Vissberga in the municipality of Hallsberg, a leachate treatment plant was constructed just a year thereafter. This treatment plant consisted of an aerated pond with a following land treatment and a willow cultivation to replace the land treatment during the summer. In this case the parameters, which were estimated as the most important to reduce, were iron and nitrogen. The iron would react with the oxygen-rich water in the aerated pond and precipitate to ferric-hydroxide and than settle in a calm zone of the pond.

In this thesis proposals for different designs of a borehole thermal energy storage (BTES) have been developed for the building DN-huset in Stockholm, Sweden. To build a BTES results in savings in energy costs by approximately 44 %, i.e. 2 million Swedish crowns annually. Furthermore, a BTES would reduce the annual environmental impact with roughly 75-157 tonnes of CO2 equivalents per year, depending on how the electricity consumption?s environmental impact is estimated.

This report is a study made at Pallco AB. Pallco is a subcontractor that is specialized on steel and aluminium components.The aim of the report is to show an improvement proposal that leads to a reduction of the storage and improve the flow through the production of one item that is a part of a product that Pallco manufactures.With the increasing competition from other countries who can manufacture with lower costs must Swedish companies try to make theirs manufacturing as efficient as possible and remove all waste. By using the tools of Lean Production it is possible to reduce the costs and increase the efficiency.The method we used is value stream mapping. A map of the present condition has been made and then different improvement proposal were discussed. A map of a future condition has also been designed..

Arbetet behandlar orsaker till ett kreativt motstånd och flöde. Mitt syfte är att ta reda på vad som driver människor att skapa inom området för låtskrivare/artister. Hur hanterar man idétorka och ?skrivkramp? och finns det någon metod för att upprätthålla ett kreativt flöde?Jag har intervjuat sex personer som alla är verksamma som låtskrivare och artister samt använt mig av litteraturstudium. I mitt arbete har jag kommit fram till att skrivkramp kan uppstå av många olika anledningar.

This is a paper about the effects from smoldering fire on lithic objects from an archaeological view. The introduction gives the background to this paper, a short orientation to forest wildfires and why the work is limited to: flint, quartz, quartzite and slate. Material and methods describes the stone materials and the setup that was used in the temperature logged tests with three replications for each type of material. The fuel in the burnings was peat on a bottom of sand. Flint showed a more drastic effect from heat compared with the other materials. Slate seems to have greater tendencies to change to darker colour and luster at lower temperatures than the other materials.

Topography is an important parameter for catchment hydrology, since it is a driver for water flow. Moreover, topography serves as a basis for hydrological models, e.g. ?Top-model?, which is based on a topographical wetness index (TWI). Few studies of TWI have been conducted on agricultural catchment scale. Four fields were studied in a Swedish drained agricultural catchment in order to evaluate the influence of topography on soil wetness.

Syftet med arbetet är att kartlägga och att finna möjligheter till förbättringar i projektflödet. Arbetet berör de delar av företaget som befinner sig i ett tidigt skede av projektflödet eftersom ändringar i dessa skeden kan göras till en liten kostnad. Informationsinsamling har skett genom fria samtal, dock med vissa förberedda frågor. Information har inhämtats från flera delar av projektflödet så som försäljning, projektledning och konstruktion. Vi har kommit fram till att det är värt att lägga mer resurser på förbättringsarbete och se över ansvarsfördelningen för detta.

Titel: Vi sitter alla i samma vagn ? en observation av interaktionFörfattare: Malin JätmarkHandledare: Abby PetersenInstitution: Sociologiska institutionen vid Göteborgs UniversitetTyp av arbete: Examensarbete i sociologiTidpunkt: november 2007 ? januari 2008Syfte och frågeställningar: Syftet med undersökningen är att få en ökad förståelse av interaktionen ombord på en spårvagn. Frågeställningar:Hur interagerar människor ombord på en spårvagn?Hur kan mina observerade data sättas i samband med den inlästa teorin?Material och metod: Som teoretisk bakgrund använde jag mig huvudsakligen av Erving Goffmans begrepp och teorier angående interaktion, kommunikation och agerande samt Eviatar Zerubavel olika teorier om ?flow?, ramar, ritualer, kultur och uppdelning. Tidigare forskning belystes av två undersökningar som behandlade resande över lag men där vissa specifika delar behandlade interaktion och kommunikation.

To lead is to communicate, a main part of the leadership. 80 % of leaders working tasks involve communication of some kind. The ambition of this study is to analyze how four leaders of an international technique consulting company experience and handle community and technical development during their professional courses. The leaders have a various experience of leadership which adds depth and width to this study. To perform the study qualitative method has been used in the form of personal interviews.The result indicates that change is not always beneficial in every aspect of communication.

Då det köptes in ny utrustning för kalibrering av värmestrålningsmätare till SP, Brandteknik, fanns det ett önskemål om att effektivisera proceduren vid kalibreringen. Vid kalibrering med den befintliga hård- och mjukvaran finns många manuella moment som skulle kunna reduceras.I detta projekt har ett styrprogram utvecklats i programmeringsspråket LabVIEW. Programmet använder ett seriellt kommunikationsprotokoll för att styra den kontroller som reglerar temperaturen i kalibreringsugnen. Programmet ställer in de temperaturnivåer som ska ingå i kalibreringen, upp till tio stycken, och kontrollerar när temperaturen har stabiliserat sig. När den gjort det tas ett antal mätpunkter ut och sparas till en resultatfil.

Electronic article surveillance (EAS) is widely used in shops and libraries together with an RF-tag attached to the goods or books in order to prevent shoplifting. By implementing the addition of a moisture sensor to the RF-tag, other functions become possible, including the ability to use as an alarm with regards to frozen goods, which have been shipped but which have melted and have, subsequently, refrozen. In- relation to care for the elderly, one time-consuming step involves checking whether there is the necessity for a change of diaper and this can, instead, be based on an RF-tag with an EAS-system alarm. A preliminary investigation was made using the moisture sensors, which involved how the resistance changes when liquid and/or heat is applied. A simulation of the LCCR circuit (RF-tag with the sensor) was conducted in order to determine how the resonance frequency changes for different resistances levels.

This diploma work on D-level is made in cooperation with Varnäsföretagen AB in Eskilstuna. The company performs contract manufactured aluminium goods. This work is a continuation on earlier diploma work in Varnäsföretagen AB. Even if the industry process consumes much energy for melting the aluminium goods, they consume a great amount of oil to warm up the building. The purpose of this work is to examine some places in the building and the process to see how much energy it is possible to recycles to the heating system and reduce the costs for heating.