The purpose of this essay is to investigate the airline industry and its part in the mobile community. Further on, to investigate the factors that throughout history are having an impact on the airline industry and have lead to the condition of today. Through this information we are outlining the future of the airline industry.This essay has been written in a qualitative approach. The empirical gathering has been made through interviews based on open discussions between the interviewers and respondents. We started out with creating a theoretical pre-understanding and continued by comparing how well these theories matched the reality.The gathering of the theoretical material was chosen on the basis how well it matches the subject of our essay.

I vår studie har vi kommit fram till att det inte finns någon entydigt och klart svar på våra frågeställningar. Vårt exempelföretag Previa visar och mäter att kundens investering ger effekt genom ett unikt kommunikationsverktyg som heter Hälsoeffekten. Verktyget fungerar så att företagets alla siffror förs in i ett system som ger en överblick av företaget. Previa kan sällan garantera att den önskade effekten av investeringen verkligen uppstår, det vill säga att den kommer företaget till del. Det föreligger vidare ett problem att kunna bevisa att förebyggande insatser kommer att ge effekt, eftersom det ibland inte kan påvisas att problem i framtiden kommer att uppstå och då inte heller åtgärdas.

Den arena där socker och sötma förstärs har förändrats i och med att socker har gått från en global handelsvara, endast tillgänglig ett fåtal, till en lokal som når de stora massorna. Detta kanske kan ses som en mindre revolution i mathållningen. Men varför äter människan socker och varför finner hon smaken så åtråvärd?Syftet med studien var att ur ett evolutionärt samt kulturellt perspektiv undersöka varför människan finner den söta smaken åtråvärd.Metoden som har använts i föreliggande studie var en litteraturstudie av vetenskapliga artiklar där artiklar som berör hälsoaspekter som socker och sötma orsakar diskuteras emot bakgrundens evolutionära samt kulturella aspekter.Resultatet visade att människan fann den söta smaken åtråvärd baserat både på medfödda samt kulturellt inlärda preferenser.Av diskussionen framgick att det fanns en medfödd preferens för sötma men att den kulturellt betingade preferensen tog över genom den inlärning hon får från sin första måltid av modersmjölk och framåt. Människan förknippade därför sött med både trygghet, lugn, belöning, tröst men framförallt med mat.

Författaren utreder i denna uppsats medelst empirisk analys huruvida det existerar någon skillnad i riskjusterade pekuniära prestationer mellan traditionella och »etiska« fonder på den svenska fondmarknaden. Författaren kartlägger först den svenska fondmarknadens bestånd av »etiska« fonder. Därefter upprättar författaren en databas över samtliga de fonder på den svenska fondmarknaden ? »etiska« såväl som traditionella ? som verkar inom de två klart avgränsade investeringsuniversumen »Sverige« och »Global, mix bolag«. Till denna databas för författaren uppgifter om fondernas riskjusterade pekuniära prestationer, kvantifierade i de tre prestationsmåtten Sharpemått, Treynormått och Jensenmått samt baserade på historiska data för den senaste treårsperioden.

Swedish forests are dominated by just two conifer species Norway spruce and Scotch pine. They are not able to achieve the highest possible production or fulfill industry demands for raw materials. The introduction of exotic conifers can potentially meet these shortcomings and present a relevant solution. This study was conducted in a block experiment with ten blocks planted in 1987 by SCA in North Sweden. The objective of the block experiment was to study if Black spruce is an appropriate alternative to Lodgepole pine, Norway spruce and Scotch pine on different site classes.

Recent years have been very turbulent for most private equity firms. Especially the financial meltdown in global economy has affected the industry, but also the public pressure has made private equity houses change their control strategies towards more conventional methods used in public companies. This thesis aims to put light on the control methods used in listed private equity houses which use a buyout strategy. The paper describes how the control methods change over the different phases the asset experience and how different value generating strategies use altered control methods. Using Merchant's (2003) framework for management control systems and Berg and Gottschalg's (2004) research on value generating strategies in buyouts the thesis shows that action controls as designing instructions for the board and a business plan, together with goal alignment is the commonly used control strategy directly after the acquisition.

Syftet med detta arbete är att titta på avvikelser och skillnader kring en speciell händelse som skildras i svenska läromedel i historieämnet. Genom en kvalitativ bildanalytisk metod har vi analyserat illustrationer av det kända mötet mellan Doktor Livingstone och Henry Morton Stanley 1871. Det är en ofta förekommande illustration och i detta arbete har vi analyserat illustrationen av mötet från olika tidsepoker. Vi har tagit del av forskning kring läromedelsbilder för att få en överblick kring bilders och illustrationers syfte och roll i läromedel. Från historieforskningen har vi hämtat begreppen eurocentrism och global perspektiv också för att synliggöra eventuella avvikelser.

The purpose of the study is to explore the internal implementation and communication of ecological sustainability within an organization and to identify obstacles and challenges that may arise. To address the study's purpose and research questions, a qualitative methodology and semi-structured interviews were used. Respondents were selected from two different units within a large global organization operating in the automotive industry. The study's findings indicate that the organization's sustainability efforts are extensive and integrated across several departments. It is also evident that sustainability initiatives are primarily driven by upper management within the organization, although there is room for lower hierarchical levels to provide some feedback.

North Western Kungsholmen in Stockholm is confronting big changes and Stockholmsstad is planning that the area will be an extended part of the existing structure in centralStockholm. Dwellings and offi ces are built and the population increase heavily. Th isresult in a need to look at how public green areas can develop and be designed. Th epurpose is to design a proposal for a master plan of S:t Göranområdets public greenareas. Exploateringskontoret, Stockholm stad, who has initialized the task, claim thatthere is a need of clarifying and shield the qualities in the green areas of today and howto create new green structure.The problem formulations which are current in this master thesis are:? Is there a need of a distinct identity for the green areas of S:t Göransområdet? If so,how is this created?? How can the green parks and nature areas inside S:t Göransområdet be improved anddevelop?? How can the connections between the green areas inside S:t Göransområdet beclarifi ed and how can they connect to the surroundings?To get inspiration and information for the design this thesis include a study of theincluding parts in the design process.

AbstractThe customer demand for ecological products has increased in recent years, within the garden industry this mainly concerns herbs and other edible plants. The organic trend is increasing and more people are aware of the environment and want to take responsibility for it through their purchases for their garden as well.In this essay the aim is to investigate customer demand and the possibility of selling organicperennial plants in eight garden centres on the Åland islands and in Gävle/Sandviken. I include two garden centres with an organic profile to get a wider point of view. I investigate the global market for organic perennials and look further into existing certification standards on the Swedish market today.The methods I have been using are interviews and a literature study.The study shows that the experienced demand for organic perennials is small in both of myinvestigated groups. The biggest motivation for starting to sell organic perennials would be to find a supplier of these plants and that more customer would ask for them.

This is a study of predictions made by the press during the financial crisis in Asia in the autumn of 1997. The study includes a qualitative, quantitative and comparative analysis of the Swedish newspapers Dagens Nyheter, Svenska Dagbladet and Dagens Industri. In the last chapter a quantitative analysis of the newspaper Finanstidningen, that today no longer exists, has also been made for comparative reasons. A theoretical framework is also set in the study to explain how the predictions can affect the economy. The quantitative analysis shows that 2/3 of the texts in the traditional morning papers Dagens Nyheter and Svenska Dagbladet included predictions about the crisis from an Asian or global perspective, while only 1/3 of the texts in the financial newspapers Dagens Industri and Finanstidningen included such predictions.

Foreign invested SMEs have recently become increasingly interested in China. The enterprises are in this report categorized as second wave companies since they follow the footsteps of previous pioneers, of which mostly were larger companies. The ambitions of the SMEs are either to sell products on the ever expanding Chinese market or to utilize the potential of low cost production for global markets. The existing literature is fragmented and solely based on the experience of larger companies. We believe that SMEs are facing new and different challenges, and thus a new generic theoretical frame work is desirable.

Syftet med denna undersökning är att få en inblick i om och hur förlusten av sockenkyrkan påverkade livet i Nedertorneå-Haparanda församling socialt samt religiöst och i så fall hur eventuella förändringar yttrade sig när de efter kriget 1809 förlorade hemkyrkan på Björkön-Pirkkiö till Ryssland. Församlingskyrkan blev efter gränsdragningen kvar på ryskt område. Eftersom kyrkan ansvarade för ett flertal nuvarande statliga uppgifter under denna tid, har jag funderat på hur undervisning, fattigvård samt sjukvård fungerade utan kyrka och prästerskap. Hur förrättningar och gudstjänster fungerade i en sådan komplex situation är ytterligare faktorer jag studerat närmare.För att ta reda på hur det förhöll sig med detta under den här tidsperioden har jag ägnat mig åt litteraturstudium; vilket till största delen varit av historisk karaktär. Det har rört sig om kyrkohistoria, studium av samhällsutveckling, samt allmän global och lokal historia.Utifrån det samlade materialet har jag kommit fram till att livet påverkades ur flera aspekter för invånarna i Nedertorneå-Haparanda församling när de förlorade sockenkyrkan 1809.

The aim of this paper is to examine whether the theory of cosmopolitan democracy provides a satisfactory solution to the boundary problem in democratic theory. I argue that David Held's version of cosmopolitan democracy rests on two incompatibleprinciples: the all-affected principle and the all-inclusive principle. However, the theory does not need to presuppose both these principles; it requires only one of them.Furthermore, I try to show that both of these principles fail to provide an adequate solution to the boundary problem. The all-inclusive principle suggests that all citizens of the world should be included in a global democratic unit. I argue that such an ideal is not desirable since it conflicts with the principle of subsidiarity and withdraws from regional political communities their sovereignty.

Young women with immigrant background are generally looked upon as victims of patriarchal structures and cultural determinism.The purpose of this bachelor thesis was therefore to have a salutogen perspective. We investigated how young women with a transcultural background are affected by and how they use their experiences from different backgrounds in their creating of identity.We based our essay on qualitative interviews and current research on the subjects of multi culture, identity and youth. The interviewees were seven young women with experience of multi cultural background and performing different kind of artistic activity.The theory and empirical material combined and compared resulted in three themes: affinity, cultural hybridization, and salutogen factors.We saw that for those young women affinity functioned as a basis for creating identity and that their double background enriches them in several aspects. The three major salutogen factors that the interviewees had in common, and we emphasize, are their struggle, open mind and awareness of freedom.The global youth culture has a great impact upon the young women and to some extent we could recognize cultural hybridization. We consider this neglected subject urgent and very relevant for social work in the multi cultural society of Sweden..