This study in Environmental Science examines the amendment of the EU-Directive on. Greenhouse gas emission allowance trading. The Directive is to be considered as a tool for fulfilling the obligations that the Union and its member countries have taken on through the 1997 Kyoto agreement together with the protocols proposed at that time. The flexible mechanisms of the protocol are intended as instruments for limiting the climatic changes arising from anthropogenic sources, emission allowance trading being one of these mechanisms. The results presented here consist primarily of an analysis of interviews with various experts in the field of emission control concerning the possibilities and problems attending the process of implementation.

This essay intends to provide an understanding of the developments in the right of public access and recreational activities in the forests of Sweden, and which factors and prerequisites that have affected this development. The forest and its history, along with recreational development has in many ways shaped today?s rights of public access, but there is also an age-old tradition of public access that has affected how we have used the forest, and that also has enabled the development of outdoor recreation. Many are unaware of this, which causes misunderstanding to appear around the rights of public access and how it is supposed to be used.The essay opens with historical descriptions of public access, the Swedish forest and outdoor recreation, to thereby provide a picture of how these three fields have influenced each other over the centuries. This is followed by a description of the current access rights and the problems associated with those, and a description of other countries' equivalent of the right of public access.

Background: Ambiguity and confusion of ideas within the area of social responsibility have led to that companies not really know how to work with these types of questions. One way for companies to deal with their social responsibility is to affiliate to an initiative that exists and through this show their standpoint. One of these is Globalt Ansvar, a Swedish governmental initiative that is based on Global Compact?s principles and the guidelines of OECD. What does it mean for the companies when showing their point of view? Is this a way to gain legitimacy?Purpose: The purpose with the thesis is to judge if organisations? work with Corporate Social Responsibility gains more legitimacy by affiliating to Globalt Ansvar.Research method: A survey made through telephone interviews with representatives from all of the fifteen Swedish companies which today are affiliated to Globalt Ansvar.Conclusions: In order to give the affiliated companies more legitimacy, Globalt Ansvar has to be a legitimate initiative.

Physical inactivity is the fourth leading risk factor for global mortality. To prevent and change this the society need to develop good approaches and interventions to promote physical activity. The purpose of this thesis was to investigate which experience existing users have of smartphone training applications. Also to study if this can be a possible resource for health promotion. Six active users applied to participation after they had seen an ad in social media.

The idea of this thesis emerged from our common interest to explore the life cycle of Swedish tourist destinations. This study has historical features since we tried to identify crucial historical and current push and pull factors, which influenced destinations upturns and downturns. In order to achieve our primary goal and identify those factors, we made two case studies. We chose Åre and Mölle as our cases and these two areas will represent Swedish destinations, and their life cycles, as a whole. The destinations? developing processes and their nowadays profile are not the same as for two hundred years ago which was a reason and motivation that made us start exploring this specific subject.

Hur fungerar Internet som politiskt verktyg i praktiken? På vilka sätt förändras förutsättningarna för politisk kamp med ökade möjligheter till oberoende medieproduktion och global distribution? Med ett tvärvetenskapligt förhållningssätt grundat i ett medie- och kommunikationsvetenskapligt perspektiv intervjuas representanter från den svenska miljörörelsen samt organisationer som arbetar för mänskliga rättigheter i Tibet. Resultatet av undersökningen visar att sociala rörelser arbetar i digitala nätverk där autonomi, decentralisation och flexibilitet är nyckelord ? precis samma organisationslogik som globaliserade företag arbetar under. Detta möjliggör en oberoende sfär för information och kommunikation som i sin tur leder till ett symbiotiskt förhållande med etablerade mediekanaler. Vi går därmed ifrån att vara ?konsumenter? till att bli ?användare? ? en radikalt förändrad maktrelation mellan producent och mottagare.

Bakgrund och problem: I takt med att företag växer och blir större växer också skaran avaktieägare. Det stora antalet ägare och spridningen av ägandeskapet får konsekvenser för ägarnasförmåga att kontrollera företagen. När en investerare placerar tillgångar i ett företag är denfrämsta anledningen att få avkastning på sitt kapital. En aspekt som påverkar utdelningsnivåernaär intressekonflikter: dels den mellan majoritets- och minoritetsägare och den mellan ägarna ochföretagets ledning.Syfte: Studiens syfte är att undersöka sambandet mellan ägarkoncentration och utdelningsnivåeri svenska noterade bolag på Large och Small Cap under åren 2005 till 2011.Metod: För att genomföra denna studies syfte har en kvantitativ metod används. Data harinsamlats från olika källor för företags ägarkoncentration och utdelningsnivåer.

Deregulation on the market for agricultural products leads to a more globalised market with increasing price fluctuations. This, in turn, places the farmer in positions influenced by new risks but also improved opportunities. The farmers are faced by uncertainty in terms of financial outcome. To be able to utilise these new market conditions it becomes increasingly important for farmers to continuously follow the price trend, and to develop strategies how to manage the risks exposed by a volatile market. Farmers with different conditions perceive risk in different ways. Hence, their risk management behaviour will vary.

The aim of this paper is to explain how the European Union?s common strategy for theCommon Foreign- and Security Policy (CFSP) will change with the implementation of the Treaty of Lisbon. A comparative case study and qualitative method is used. On the basis of Smith?s theory of institutionalization we will analyze two member states: France and Denmark.

There are numerous of ideas and theories around the present development in our global society, describing an ever changing era based and propelled by information and communication technology (ICT). How influential has this development been on political visions and intentions and on the business worlds views on important competencies? The purpose of this thesis is to describe the national and international visions of important competencies in the ?information society?. Through a case study, focused on how the training and consultancy industry apprehends and answer to this change and development, as they often act as agents for new trends in the business world both as accommodators and originators. The growth and speed of the universally available information demands knowhow in seeking, analyzing and managing information, and this competence is crucial today.

An organism that is transferred from one place to another, causing major problems to the native species is termed invasive. Its natural dispersal across barriers may have been prevented but as man has turned able to rapidly travel all over the world organisms are brought to sites where they were never before observed. Adding the increasing global warming organisms may find it necessary to move around even further. This might cause major disturbance to the biological diversity, and hybridization and homogenization is one of many scenarios that could disturb the native diversity. In Sweden more that 2/3 of all alien plant species have been introduced to disturbed areas and the major introduction mechanism is gardening.

The shape and arrangement of the outdoor environment at a preschool has a critical impact on the possibilities to practice different pedagogic activities (Grahn et al.1997). At the preschool at Edwin Ahlqvists road, the employees are inspired by Reggio Emilia in their way of thinking, and they consider their outdoor environment is not suitable for the pedagogic activities they use. Reggio Emilia is a city in the north of Italy (Wallin 2001). The preschools there are famous for their pedagogy, their creativity and their democratic way of working (Dahlbech & Johansson 1986). The Reggio Emilia pedagogy is constantly renewed and developed, but with the children?s needs in focus and simultaneously with the quick changes of the modern society.

North Western Kungsholmen in Stockholm is confronting big changes and Stockholmsstad is planning that the area will be an extended part of the existing structure in centralStockholm. Dwellings and offi ces are built and the population increase heavily. Th isresult in a need to look at how public green areas can develop and be designed. Th epurpose is to design a proposal for a master plan of S:t Göranområdets public greenareas. Exploateringskontoret, Stockholm stad, who has initialized the task, claim thatthere is a need of clarifying and shield the qualities in the green areas of today and howto create new green structure.The problem formulations which are current in this master thesis are:? Is there a need of a distinct identity for the green areas of S:t Göransområdet? If so,how is this created?? How can the green parks and nature areas inside S:t Göransområdet be improved anddevelop?? How can the connections between the green areas inside S:t Göransområdet beclarifi ed and how can they connect to the surroundings?To get inspiration and information for the design this thesis include a study of theincluding parts in the design process.

I och med att marknaden blir mer och mer global genereras nya sorters problem. Allt fler företag väljer att outsourca delar av sin produktion, ofta till låglöneländer där arbetsförhållandena kan vara horribla. Detta ställer stora krav på att företag tar ansvar för sin verksamhet. Syftet med rapporten är därför att undersöka vilka utmaningar inom hållbarheten som outsourcing av produktion medför och hur dessa kan hanteras. För att analysera ämnet genomförs en litteraturstudie där relevant information inhämtas samt en fallstudie bestående av intervjuer hos ett stort industriföretag med komplex outsourcing.

Syfte: Att undersöka om direktivet lägger en grund för en effektivare revision av företag inom EU. Metod: Uppsatsen är deskriptiv och en deduktiv forskningsansats har tillämpats. En dokumentstudie har genomförts av rättsligt material samt artiklar. En kvalitativ forskningsstrategi har tillämpats, eftersom att den är mer flexibel samtidigt som fokus vilar på att analysera text. Teori: Teoriavsnittet utgår från teorier kring global governance, vilket bidrar med ett globalt angreppssätt.