The aim of this study was to isolate and identify Lactobacillus species indigenous to the gastrointestinal microflora of Swedish horses. These lactobacilli are to be used as probiotic candidates in research concerning antibiotic-associated diarrhoea in horses. Eight horses, age 6-10 years, were selected from a riding school for collection of faeces samples. Man Rogosa Sharp medium and gram staining were used for the selection of supposed lactobacilli. We could identify 33 isolates of supposed lactobacilli. With the use of API tests 22 of these 33 isolates could be identified.

Fettsyror har under många år rekommenderats som näringstillskott för att förbättra glans och lyster i pälsen. Ett relativt stort antal studier är idag utförda för att utvärdera omega-3 och omega-6 fettsyrornas terapeutiska värde även vid hudsjukdom.I denna litteraturstudie har vi tagit del av några utvalda studier som vi tycker på ett informativt sätt belyser vilka egenskaper hos fettsyrorna man tror bidrar till den positiva effekten hos hud och päls. Vi har även gått igenom läroböcker i syfte att sammanställa information om fettsyrornas egenskaper och betydelse vid behandling av dermatiter med olika grundorsaker. Bakgrunden ägnas kort åt hudens uppbyggnad, fettsyror och immunförsvar. Till sist går vi igenom exempel på den kliniska betydelsen av fettsyror vid inflammation i huden på smådjur i vårt arbete inom djursjukvården.Huden har bland annat till uppgift att skydda kroppen mot mekanisk och kemisk påverkan samt verka som immunförsvarets yttersta skyddsbarriär.Fett och övriga lipider är uppbyggda av fettsyror.

AbstractAn approaching overproduction of cereals and a future uncertain supply of non genetic modified vegetable protein feedstuffs have increased the interest in an expansion of the domestic production of protein feedstuffs in Norway. Besides rapeseed (Brassica campestris), peas (Pisum sativum) may be the most suitable crop for this purpose. Peas are characterized by having a relatively high content of crude protein, ranging between 20-26%, a high content of starch, 42-51%, and a low content of fat. In general, the energy value for peas is higher than for barley but lower than for rapeseed and soybean meal.Pea protein consists of albumins and globulins to 85-100%, which leads to the fact that a large part of the pea protein is soluble and degradable in the rumen. Starch in peas is on the other hand to a large extent resistant to rumen degradation compared to starch from other starch rich feedstuffs.

Due to the fact that bottled water has negative impact on the environment,Elite Hotel hasdecided to stop serving bottled water in their restaurants. Since Swedish tap water is regarded tohave great quality,Elite Hotel wants to look at the possibilities to carbonate their own sparklingwater and serving it in fancy carafes. This Master of Science thesis is about constructing a costefficient water carbonator system that suits Elite Hotel?s need specification. This thesis alsocovers other water refinement criteria.The work has been divided into three parts.

Composting is a process in which organic matter is mineralized by microorganisms. In January 2005 landfilling of organic waste was prohibited in Sweden. With this prohibition composting has become an important alternative to handle the produced organic wastes. One problem with continuous small-scale composting is the production of organic acids that will inhibit a further composting process. The aim of these theses was to study what effects temperature and dry matter content had on the production of organics acids, and what effect the organic acids had on the mineralisation of the substrate as well as the stability during storage of the product.

Endotoxinemi hos häst ses framförallt i samband med sjukdomar i mag- och tarmkanalen. De metabola rubbningarna och den utbredda inflammationen som endotoxinemin medför, gör att det är ett allvarligt tillstånd som kräver veterinärvård. Förändringar i aminosyrametabolismen har setts hos människor med experimentellt inducerad endotoxinemi och patienter med sepsis. Den kraftigt ökade muskelnedbrytning som endotoxinemi medför anses ha stor betydelse för patientens återhämtningsförmåga och prognos för överlevnad. Förutom aminosyrornas egenskaper som byggstenar för produktion av protein har de en viktig funktion för cellsignalering, bidrar till bevarandet av ett fullgott immunförsvar och hämmar cellskador.

Glutathione (GSH) is a molecule that consists of three amino acids: glutamic acid, cysteine and glycine. GSH has several important functions: to protect cells from free radicals, reactive oxygen species and oxidative stress. GSH exists in a reduced form, GSH, and in an oxidized dimeric form, glutationdisulfid, GSSG. The enzymes glutathionereductase (GR) catalyses the reduction of GSSG back to GSH. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) is required as a coenzyme in the reaction.

Syftet med denna studie var att synliggöra förskollärares tankar om vardagsmatematiken. Studien skulle även innefatta hur förskollärare tar tillvara på den vardagliga matematiken. Vår metod i studien gick ut på att intervjua förskollärare genom en self report, som tillhör den kvalitativa forskningen. Vår self report innebar att de tillfrågade förskollärarna skriftligt fick redogöra sina tankar och erfarenheter utifrån frågeformuläret. Med hjälp av vår self reports öppna frågor synliggjordes förskollärares djupgående tankar om ett visst fenomen, vilket leder in vår studie till en fenomenografisk forskningsansats.

Proteins are vital to all cells in the body. They consist of long chains of amino acids. To be able to study the amino acid composition of a protein it is necessary to hydrolyse it, followed by separation and quantification. When the protein is hydrolysed, in this case ß-lactoglobulin, the protein is divided into individual amino acids. The method that traditionally has been used to hydrolyse proteins takes 24-72 hours to complete.

Scintigraphic examination of the esophagus has for some time been the method of choice for the study of motility dysfunction in humans. The method has not yet been described for horses hence the lack of reference values for passage time for a bolus through the esophagus in healthy subjects. The purposes of this study were to measure passage velocity and time for a bolus to pass through the esophagus in healthy subjects, as well as to evaluate the reproducibility of the method. Eight warm-blooded trotters were used in the study. The horses were sedated with a low dose of Acepromazine prior to onset of the study.

I detta arbete behandlas transient simulering i ett 1D-simuleringsprogram, i dettafall Gamma technologies GT-Power. Vad som behöver ändras i en modell för attden skall kunna simulera en motor under transienta driftsfall med godnoggrannhet har undersökts. När detta är gjort, skall det undersökas hur väl dentransient kalibrerade modellen kan simulera en motor med förändrad rörgeometripå insugs- eller avgassidan, och vad som måste omkalibreras om detta inte ärfallet.Den viktigaste slutsatsen av detta arbete är vikten av att ha en korrekt framtagenkompressormapp i modellen. Den som fanns tillgänglig under arbetet hade baramätdata ned till 70000 rpm. Detta resulterade i en överskattning av massflödet iden lägre regionen i den av GT-Power framställda kompressormappen.

Proteins are vital to all cells in the body. They consist of long chains of amino acids. To be able to study the amino acid composition of a protein it is necessary to hydrolyse it, followed by separation and quantification. When the protein is hydrolysed, in this case ß-lactoglobulin, the protein is divided into individual amino acids. The method that traditionally has been used to hydrolyse proteins takes 24-72 hours to complete.

A piezoelectric injector was modeled, in this Master Thesis Project which was carried out at Scania CV AB in Södertälje, in GT-Fuel. GT-Fuel is simulation program from Gamma Technology.The simulation model for the piezo injector was divided into a hydro-mechanical system and an electrical system (Piezoelectric element). First the hydro-mechanic model was duplicated from Advance Continuous Simulation Language model (ACSL). The simulation results were then compared to the ACSL, to verify that the hydro-mechanical system was modeled correctly. The simulation results for the electrical model were also compared with a Simulink model.

In southern Sweden, beech (Fagus silvatica) and spruce (Picea abies) are two species with similar demands on soil properties. With increased global warming and high acid deposition the future may bring larger areas were the two species are overlapping, competing for the same soil. The aim of this study was to compare spruce and beech concerning distribution, cultivation and soil properties. From available data comparisons were made between spruce and beech forests in Sweden. Soil analyses were made on samples from beech forest in southern Sweden, with and without natural regeneration of spruce.

Tripeptidyl peptidase II (TPPII) is an exopeptidase which cleaves tripeptides from theN-terminus of peptides. The exact functional role of TPPII is still a matter of investigation. Itis believed that the enzyme is primarily involved in intracellular protein degradation, where itcooperates with the proteasome and other peptidases to degrade proteins into free aminoacids. These amino acids can subsequently be used in the production of new proteins. The aimof this work was to express murine wild type TPPII using E.