What is discussed here are the events taking place in Sweden in 1885, a turbulent year in Swedish art history. It is shown how the conception of Swedish art, in creating a Swedish identity in art, was expanded.  Two exhibitions were analyzed, Akademiens för de fria konsterna Jubileumsutställning and Opponenternas utställning. While the artists exhibiting at the Academy were using traditional strategies and thechniques, several artists at Opponenterna, were using modern techniques they had learned outside the Academy, mostly in France. These techniques were: experimenting with perspective and the use of empty spaces in mediating ambiance. The third strategy was that of individualization by moving closer to the motif.

Denna studie jämför hur Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) och Fama-French trefaktorsmodell förklarar och förutspår avkastning på en global aktiemarknad. CAPM utgår ifrån att investerarna förväntar sig en riskfri ränta adderat marknadspremien multiplicerat med företagens exponering mot marknaden. Fama-Frenchs är en utvidgning av CAPM modellen, där företagens storlek och book-to-market-värde läggs till som förklarande variabler för avkastning. Genom regressionsmodeller och prediktioner för portföljer indelade i storlek och book-to-market jämförs modellerna. Fama-French tycks vara genomgående bättre på att förklara och förutspå avkastning under perioden 1990m07-2013m02 för samtliga portföljer, förutom portföljen för stora företag med medelhögt book-to-market värde.

This essay compares the public debate in Sweden 1992 caused by the reforms introduced by the then government giving parents a free choice of schools for their children with the current debate in France about proposals for a similar law there. The study concentrates on the positions taken by the teachers trade unions, in Sweden Lärarförbundet and Lärarnas Riksförbund (LR) and in France SGEN-CFDT. To do so it is necessary also to study the arguments given for and against the proposals by the political parties.Some of the differences between the debates can be attributed to different circumstances. The Swedish reform was related to the opening up of possibilities to run private schools, which previously had been rare in Sweden. The French debate has no such connections.

Studien undersöker i hur stor utsträckning de skandinaviska översättarna använder samma metoder när de översätter. För att kunna studera detta undersöks den danska, norska och svenska översättningen av den franska romanen L?élégance du hérisson med hjälp av Vinay och Darbelnets (1958/1977) metodologi. I studien kommer också översättarna till tals om de situationella faktorer som kringgärdat översättningsprojektet. Det största fokuset ligger på de indirekta översättningsmetoderna, eftersom det är dessa som visar på de största skillnaderna.

The translation of culture-specific words and expressions as well as how to fully transmit the semantics and pragmatics of a text when translating are two things that often poses problems and challenges for translators. The strategies among which one can choose are many and the translation is more or less bound to lose something along the way. In this present essay, the Swedish comic album Prins Charles ka?nsla (2010) by Liv Stro?mquist and its French translation Les sentiments du Prince Charles (2012) have been studied. With the help of existing translation strategies, what is examined is initially what choices the translators have made and how this affects the French text.

The study of the French market for softwood has been done in collaboration with VIDA AB. The aim of the study was to investigate important product quality and service quality dimensions, the customers? perception of the offering and generally describe the French market and present actors. The market for softwood around the world changes over time and new markets can mean opportunities for the sawmilling industry. The French market is the second biggest European market for softwood, has had presence of actors with sourcing of raw material from the Nordic countries for decades and there is a growing interest for building with wood. Theory being used is about the different dimensions that make up the total quality of softwood, together with intangible dimensions making up the total offering that helps the sawmilling industry to create positive perceived value for the customers. Methodological approach in the study was a case study research design, aimed at providing knowledge about one specific subject in one context. The general description was mostly carried out by literature studies and data from various statistics sources.

Previous work by researchers as Eugene F. Fama and Kenneth R. French, show that average return on stocks are related to a firms characteristics like size and book-to-market ratio. These kinds of patterns in average return is not explained by The Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM), and are therefore seen as anomalies. Fama and French have proposed a three-factor model, which captures patterns observed in U.S average returns associated with size and value.

When is it acceptable to make fun of religion, and when does it become disrespectful? On January 7, 2015, the headquarters of the French satirical news paper Charlie Hebdo was subjected to a terrorist attack that claimed the lives of 12 staff members, due to the publishing of caricatures picturing the prophet Muhammed. The reactions that followed the attack circled around two perspectives; the importance of freedom of expression and the obligation to show respect for certain institutions and traditions in society. How come the caricatures can elicit such completely different reactions? This is the question that this thesis uses as a starting point for the examination of the subject caricatures and satire.

The following essay is named The canonization of Joan of Arc, a Church political strategy or the creation of a national symbol? Joan of Arc, the French heroine of the Hundred Years War, was canonized as late as 1920, in a process that began already in 1869. In the following essay I am trying to work out if this canonization is a work of the Vatican in order to gain popularity in France after the breakup with the state in 1905. The Catholic Church had, since the French Revolution, faced difficulties withstanding its position of power in the presence of the upcoming Secularism and Liberalism and their growing public support. The Catholic Church had been fighting for its members and at the same time fighting the new ideas of Socialism, Communism and Liberalism.

The recent globalization has to some extent reduced the importance of specific cultures and instead creates a focus on the variation these different cultures provide. Under these circumstances the leader must adapt his leadership to face these new circumstances. The organisations today have to face these new leadership challenges which the global expansion brings. This is a prerequisite for organizations if they want to succeed and be more competitive in a more demanding environment.There are still big differences between the business cultures. There are also differences in the companies? home arena, between groups in the society and all the way down on a family level.

Denna studie jämför hur Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) och Fama-French trefaktorsmodell förklarar och förutspår avkastning på en global aktiemarknad. CAPM utgår ifrån att investerarna förväntar sig en riskfri ränta adderat marknadspremien multiplicerat med företagens exponering mot marknaden. Fama-Frenchs är en utvidgning av CAPM modellen, där företagens storlek och book-to-market-värde läggs till som förklarande variabler för avkastning. Genom regressionsmodeller och prediktioner för portföljer indelade i storlek och book-to-market jämförs modellerna. Fama-French tycks vara genomgående bättre på att förklara och förutspå avkastning under perioden 1990m07-2013m02 för samtliga portföljer, förutom portföljen för stora företag med medelhögt book-to-market värde.

Idag har ma?nniskor friheten att va?lja var, na?r och pa? vilket sa?tt de vill anva?nda sina smartphones och dess funktioner, oavsett a?ndama?l. Hur ga?r den anva?ndarmo?jligheten ihop med inla?rning? Hur mycket av koncentrationen kan beha?llas under en inla?rningsprocess med en smartphone na?rvarande och anva?ndandes? Pa?verkar na?rvaron och anva?ndningen av smartphones anva?ndarnas fo?rma?ga att skilja och bearbeta information fra?n olika ka?llor? Den ha?r studien syftar till att underso?ka deltagarnas fo?rma?ga och uppfattning att kunna sa?rskilja och bearbeta information ifra?n olika ka?llor genom diagnosiska prov, baserade pa? fo?rela?sningarnas inneha?ll som deltagarna fick ta del av under tva? fo?rela?sningstillfa?llen. Deltagarna delades in i tva? grupper da?r den ena gruppen fick beha?lla sina smartphones under fo?rsta fo?rela?sningen medan den andra gruppen ombads la?gga undan sina smartphones.

?Capital Asset Pricing Model? (CAPM) beaktar den centrala marknadsrisken för att förklarasambandet mellan risk och avkastning hos tillgångar. Avkastningskravet betingas enligtmodellen en marknadsriskpremie vid investering i aktier eller andra tillgångar som erhåller risk. Senare studier (Banz 1981, Davis, Fama & French 2000) visar å andra sidan att aktiertill hörandes företag av olika storlek och värde utsätts för en annan typ av risk. Dessa forskare föreslår således att en värde- och storlekspremie bör inkluderas i en ny modell.

Details - in Sophie Calle artwork, is an investigation where the staritng point is Suite vénitienne, one of the french artist, storyteller and photographer Sophie Calle's early projects, dated back to 1979..

The aim of the thesis is to identify and investigate central themes in two video artworks, Poliisi and Pink Ball, by Swedish artist Annika Larsson. Moreover it is an investigation of the configurations of violence, and an enquiring whether these works have a social-minded intention.Elements in scenery, framing and narration are analysed with the term ?crystalline regime? (régim cristallin), described by French philosopher Gilles Deleuze, which defines the artificial as opposed to the purely representational. Processes within the narrations of the two works are analysed as rituals, which leads to an investigation of an internal sign-system and to the question whether the rituals in these works have a function. Theory by French philosopher Georges Bataille is used to analyse the ritual with no external purpose, which aims at an intense experience of life.