Companies and organizations recognize the importance of collaboration to develop responsibility and ability of change in the workplace. The concept of collaboration was a relatively new idea in business in the late 1980s. In a Nordic context, collaboration is a traditional approach that companies use successfully for competition, survival and development. Collaborative organizational efforts cover management of committed people who can help companies achieve flexibility, customer loyalty, innovation and economic success on a challenging and competitive market. Many theorists believe that collaboration is the key to integrating technology, financial competence and innovation.

Every year big events takes place in different cities, one of the largest half marathons in the world is located in Gothenburg and is called GöteborgsVarvet. These kind of events rely on volunteers to even be able to manage the pressure from the arrangement. The purpose of the study was to investigate the motivation factors among volunteers? at GöteborgsVarvet 2012. This study is a part of a bigger project called EVINN that is an EU-financial researchproject which aims to develop arrangements.

Friluftspedagogik är en form av upplevelsebaserat lärande som man kan tillämpa under olika typer av friluftsliv. Genom reflektion och bearbetning av friluftsupplevelserna kan man lära sig ·om allt från ledarskap och friluftsäkerhet till att bli en helare människa. Friluftspedagogikens utgångspunkter och fördelar är personlig växt, samarbetsinlärning, lära känna sig själv, skapa sammanhang och helhet, alternativa livsvärden, miljömedvetenhet, natursyn, kunskaper i "vanliga" ämnen och kunskaper i friluftsliv. Rollen som friluftsledare diskuteras och jämförs med friluftslärarrollen och folkhögskollärarrollen. Det ges också i slutet av arbetet några praktiska tillämpningar av friluftspedagogik..

The purpose of this research is to examine the implications of the provisions in the Swedish Code of Corporate Governance (the Code) concerning auditor attestation of the internal control report. We will focus on how the auditors? augmented responsibilities will affect the efficiency in the audit process.Our research indicates that the main benefit from reviewing the internal control report is achieving more reliable internal controls, which results in greater prevention of misstatements in the financial statements. This will affect the efficiency in the audit process since the auditor can place more reliance on internal controls when performing audit procedures. This implies that the benefits of preventing misstatements could outweigh the efforts and resources spent on reviewing the internal control report..

Mobbning är vanligt förekommande fenomen i svenska skolor. Det finns dock ett tunt utbud med forskning om mobbning som sker på lågstadiet. Studien bygger på kvalitativ forskning där 33 elever medverkat. Eleverna har intervjuats med syftet att ta reda på varför relationell, fysisk och verbal mobbning uppstår. Resultaten från studien har diskuterats och analyserats utifrån tidigare forskning.

This paper deals with archery in the Viking Age settlement of Birka and in particular the presence of Euro Asiatic, steppe nomadic archery equipment at the Birka Garrison and one Birka grave. The equipment contains for example closed quivers and a bow case. This paper also contains a discussion of archery battle techniques and tactics in Viking Age Birka and the implications of the above mentioned equipment to this discussion. The analysis insinuates the importance and status of archery in 10th century Birka..

With the introduction of IFRS, the IASB left the previously used method of amortization and instead introduced fair value. Studies show that firms manipulate the value of goodwill based on agency related incentives and opportunities, such as bonus payment, management tenure and acquisition of firms. The responsibility of checking the quality of financial reports, and give other market participants reasons to trust them, is primarily on accountants. The transition to fair value thus creates a problem for accountants to actually check the fair values produces by firms. Our purpose is to investigate whether the working method of accountants is purposeful in order to maintain the credibility of goodwill values.

This paper examines the film distribution and exhibition sector in Europe. The general analysis of these sectors? situation was made. Moreover, the comparative and more in depth analysis of three countries by the Porter?s five forces model was made; These were United Kingdom, France and Denmark.

Discussions started on how to handle liquidity problems crises in credit institutions and investment with the financial in 2008 as a research background. This led to the establishment of a new legislation regarding the current managing of liquidity risks which involves major changes in organizations. The changes will address the problems on how a successful implementation work could be completed and what is required of the organizations. Good communication is essential in order to have a successful changing process when everything an organization undergoes requires clear and ongoing communication.The purpose of this paper was to examine if Organization X application communications to the same extent as a deployment model shows. Organization X was the company we chose to investigate as they are one of many banks that are facing the upcoming change.Communication Concepts such as understanding, dialogue, discussion, open mindness, transparency and participation, have been key words during our work.

Syftet är att öka förståelsen hur ljudets och bilders meningsskapande och symboliska funktion i marknadskommunikation bearbetas av konsumente. Teorier har hämtats från främst två områden, det semiotiska perspektivet: betydelselära och tolkning av ljud och bild. Företagsekonomiska perspektivet: Kommunikationsmodellen och perceptions processen. De slutsatser vi har dragit av vårt arbete är främst att konsumenter tolkar och skapar en individuell mening och symbolvärde när de utsätts för ljud och bild i marknadskommunikation. Ljudet och reklammusikens status verkar öka, bidragande faktorer är kunskapsökning och musiker som behöver nya försörjningsmöjligheter.

This essay will examine the social organization in the archipelago of Tonga. To accomplish this purpose, archaic societies and structures such as ancient Egypt and Hawaii will be examined to obtain a closer understanding of the building blocks which constitute a chiefdom or kingdom. Since Patrick V. Kirch (2010) recently redefined the Hawaiian archipelago as a kingdom this essay will examine if the same can be done with the chiefdom of Tonga since it have similarities to the Hawaiian social organization.To do this the essay will examine and describe both the geographical organization of the states and the social organization. Social organization in this essay will be defined as an archaic state organization that requires several levels of administration to rule the society..

Vårt syfte med denna uppsats är att bidra till en ökad förståelse för hur lärande sker inom en projektgrupp och vilka sociala och organisatoriska konsekvenser lärandet får för arbetet. Vi har sett att olika sorters lärande uppstår i olika situationer och dessa leder till varierande former av kunskap. Kunskap värderas olika beroende på de antaganden som styr organisationen och högre värderad kunskap tenderar att uppmärksammas mer än annan kunskap. Relationer är en förutsättning för lärande och hur dessa uppstår och förändras beror på tre faktorer vi sett; trygghet, status och tid. Dessa tre faktorer påverkar i sin tur arbetetsuppgifter och arbetsfördelning i gruppen på olika sätt..

This master thesis is aiming to find out how school libraries work towards children in school years 1-6. The mainfocus is how the school librarians and teachers work with literature and reading. The theoretical viewpoints aremainly the sociocultural theory and the child perspective.The study was conducted with participants from five different schools in Uppsala, in the form of qualitativesemi-structured interviews. The results show that schools work with literature first and foremost in a pragmaticway, with reading-strategies and activating discussions. Very little time is spent on reading for its own sake.

Att läsa svenska som andraspråk på gymnasiet är idag likställt med attläsa modersmålsvenska. Dock är det många andraspråkselever som intedeltar i svenska som andraspråksundervisningen på grund av att de haren negativ attityd till ämnet. Tidigare forskning på området visar attmodersmålssvenska har högre status och att föräldrar, kamrater ochlärares syn på vilket språk som är viktigast påverkar flerspråkiga elever.Att inte tillhöra skolans monokulturella norm anses som avvikande ochkan bidra till flerspråkiga elevers negativa inställning till svenska somandraspråk. I denna studie undersöks hur utländska elever födda iSveriges attityder till ämnet svenska som andraspråk påverkar derasämnesval på gymnasiet. Ett övergripande syfte är att nå en ökadförståelse för de processer som påverkar individen i hennes strävan attfölja sina attityder och vad som inträffar när hennes förväntningar intestämmer överens med hennes sociala verklighet.

In today's society the borders between work and leisure blurs out more and more, and just as we might bring our work home, we might as well take our leisure to work with the help of so called smartphones with constant connection to social networks such as facebook and twitter. But what happens when the small talk around the coffee machine in the workplace gets out in public spaces? Instead of complaining to my closest colleague when my boss is acting like a fool or when my workload sky rocketed, I might now instead update my status on facebook with my complaint. But what am I actually allowed to write about my employer? And has the employer any possibility to act legally in respond to what I write?For the younger generation, who more or less is grown up with these social networks, I think this demarcation can be difficult to draw and understand.In this essay I deal with the issue of whether a principle of law, such as the duty of loyalty might collide with my constitutional right to use freedom of speech against my employer..