This is a diploma thesis executed as a part of the examination of the educationalprogram Building engineer ? Construction management at Halmstad University. The aim of the thesis is to compare and evaluate conventional open-cut pipe-laying withhorizontal directional drilling. The thesis includes a comparison of the economic,environmental and time-based aspects of both methods and discusses which factorsthat determine the optimal choice of method.The study is mainly based on previous studies regarding the subject and oninterviews with professionals from the industry.A fictional project with five realistic cases of pipe-laying scenarios was compiled,sent to different companies for calculation, evaluated and compared. Our conclusionregarding when it?s suitable to use which method is entirely dependent on thespecific project.

This report examines the prerequisites for LEDs to replace other technologies indifferent applications. How does the different technologies for light generationwork and what are the advantages and disadvantages? The various technologieslimitations and characteristics provides the opportunities for the LEDs.This report describes a test-construction built to examine what practical arrangementscan be built with modern light emitting diodes, in order to showsome of the possibilities. The construction consists of three different applications,a high power lamp based on cold white LEDs, one based on warm whiteLEDs for the evaluation of the light characteristics and a RGB-LED based lampable to mix any colors quickly and seamlessly. The test construction also containsthe essential peripherals including control-electronics, optics and a custombuilt watercooling solution.The potential for LEDs is huge but it is complicated to build LED based applicationsdue to the limitations which mainly includes the electronics and theneccesary cooling.

When farm animals are transported there are several factors that can affect their welfare. If the vehicle has an accident the welfare of the animals transported will probably be compromised. The aim of this study was to make a survey of accidents with animal transportation vehicles in Sweden. The survey included the number of accidents from January 2000 to May 2014, the cause of the accidents and how the animal welfare was affected by the accident. The authorities which were likely to have reports about accidents involving animal transports were contacted. There were no collected records about transportation accidents and the authorities referred to eachother for information.

A new type of chartered holiday, fitness holiday, has evolved during the last years and has also been mentioned in different media channels. Despite this, fitness holiday is a relatively new and unexplored phenomenon, which caught our interest to further explore this. The desire to travel on a holiday of this type has also increased. Therefore, a study about this particular phenomenon with focus on the traveler?s motives behind the choice to go has been done.It?s a qualitative study and most part of the data has been collected during a field study to Playitas Resort, Canary Islands.

With this paper the aim is to find out whether there are any differences in how five students from the north part of Africa structures their tales in comparison with the Nordic tale "The emperor?s new clothes". The purpose is to look at how the genre pedagogy can be said to relate to these differences. What happens to the "deviant" structures?Based on literature and research on the subject, I have concluded that there are certain patterns of how a tale "should" be structured based on Western standards.

Vårt syfte är att studera vad ett företagsekonomiskt perspektiv på strategisk ledning innebär för en komplex turismdestination. En del av den strategiska planeringen på en destination kan innefatta en strategi för turismen och vidare vill vi därför betrakta begreppet turismstrategi, för att utifrån olika tankesätt analysera kring denna strategi och dess användning inom planeringen för destinationen. Med utgångspunkt i syftet har vi valt att utföra en kvalitativ empirisk undersökning i form av både personliga intervjuer och intervjuer per telefon och e-post. Respondenterna har utgjorts av 24 beslutsfattare inom turismnäringen hos svenska kommuner. Vidare har vi tillämpat lämplig litteratur samt vetenskapliga artiklar.

The study was conducted on 72nd company at Livgardet in order to find out what motivators makes the soldiers stay. The material in the essay is based on an interview with soldiers from the 72nd company. The motivators are then categorized in the model Employee Motivation: A Powerful New Model. The model is based on human drives and I used as a tool for the analysis to identify lack of motivation in a working place. The study shows that the key motivators that make soldiers stay is: the opportunity to go on a peacekeeping mission and comrade/esprit de corps, the soldiers state that they will quit without these two essential motivators.

This is a study of the importance of culture for persons who are in their terminal stage of life. The purpose of my study is to find out if culture, particularly literature, can be a comfort for persons who are about to die. The study is based on interviews with people who are working in the palliative team at Norra Älvsborgs Länssjukhus (NÄL) in Trollhättan. It is also based on study of literature. It is literature about hospital library, culture in hospital treatment, palliative care, bibliotherapy and ?own stories? from dying persons.

This project investigated the current market regarding wireless net and the communication between the tools used for diagnostics/maintenance and an embedded system. Based on documentation obtained through interviews a demo system was created based on Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) communication between an embedded system and an Android device.This report intends to describe the tools and methods used in the design of the demo system and the result of an analysis of the BLE communication.Bluetooth Low Energy is an exciting protocol with wide applicability within the industrial field. This project investigated the communicational possibilities between a Smartphone and a Raspberry Pi and based on the results that emerged the conclusion can be drawn that BLE is a protocol with many beneficial applications within industrial IT..

Abstract: Uppsatsens problematik grundas i ett ökat nyttjande av kulturarv som resurs inom turismbranschen där kulturarv används för att skapa attraktiva besöksmål. Kulturarvet omvandlas till en handelsvara vilket kan få konsekvenser. Uppsatsen handlar både om en komplex urvalsprocess och intressanta aspekter kring hur besöksmålen väljer att skildra sitt kulturarv för att locka besökare samt hur kulturarvet påverkas av att det utvecklas till en kommersiell produkt. Syftet med uppsatsen är att undersöka hur kulturarv används som resurs för att skapa attraktiva besöksmål på en destination. Genom att kulturarv används som resurs för att skapa attraktiva besöksmål anser vi att det sker ett aktivt urval kring kulturarv utifrån tre nivåer.

Den här uppsatsen har ambitionen att studera och dra slutsatser gällande den litauiska tjänstemarknadens möjligheter att ta till sig moderna ekonomiska företeelser, mer specifikt upplevelseekonomin, genom att ta till hjälp modeller och teorier hämtade från flera olika forskningsfält. Uppsatsen byggs upp med en diskursiv ansats där de olika teorierna används var och en för sig för att beskriva och förklara de fenomen vår empiri givit.Vi har konstaterat att det, i och med de kvardröjande mentala och fysiska strukturer som är sprungna ur den sovjetiska ockupationen, finns betydande begränsningar inför skapandet av en upplevelseekonomi på den litauiska tjänstemarknaden. För att kunna beskriva dessa mentala och fysiska strukturer presenterar vi ett för forskningsområdet nytt begrepp, nostalgija, som är sprunget ur befolkningens förhållningssätt, både till sin historia och till marknadsekonomins frammarsch.I och med de slutsatser vi gör om Litauens tjänstemognadsgrad, kan vi sen dra slutsatser om lämpligheten i vår användning av valda teoretiska verktygslåda. Vi finner att vi med dessa annars disparata teorier och modeller till hjälp kan nå längre, och presentera ny kunskap som annars inte kunnat utläsas ur en dylik begränsad studie. Dock poängteras att teorierna inte kan anses vara tillämpliga tillsammans i något annat sammanhang än i just den här diskursen..

This report investigates the possibility to use non-petroleum based adhesive (biobitumen) in asphalt. The main reasons for replacing bitumen are the fact that oil prices are rising, the threat of peak oil and the fact that the asphalt industry is becoming more environmentally friendly.The main purpose of this report is to investigate whether there are any non-petroleum based adhesives on the market. If so, how can they be used? The questions covered are:? Are there any other alternative asphalt coatings available?? Can bio-oils be used in asphalt?? If the bio-oils can be used, what are the details their properties?? How does a cold climate affect the bio binders?? What is the Swedish asphalt industry?s opinion about bio asphalt?The project was concluded through literature studies, consultations with people in the asphalt industry and through several interviews.The conclusion of this report is that there are some existing non-petroleum based adhesives on the market. They are mainly used for bike paths, sidewalks and parkareas.

The capability to know what knowledge there is and where it resides within an organization is becoming increasingly important in the new knowledge-based economy. This paper takes on a practise-based view of knowledge in order to decide on a course of action for how to successfully implement knowledge management within a knowledge-based company. By considering all knowledge as more or less contextual and socially constructed, knowledge is divided into three dimensions depending on the degree to which it is tacit, namely: information, knowledge and skills. The paper then discusses inhibitors and enablers for transferring knowledge via these three dimensions respectively. The empirical findings are based upon a case study of Faveo. It is shown that Faveo, like most organizations, has til now focused on the collection of codified knowledge, i.e.

The objective of this work was to introduce measures to reduce energy and water demand at Gävle Söder 17:10. To succeed, this energy audit has been made. The work is based on collected statistics from the property owner Norrporten, measurements, literature review and through consultation with experts in the field. Two models, one for each building, have been created in the simulation program BV2 to estimate the potential of energy measures based on the collected information. The models in BV2 have been verified against the statistics of the energy consumption.With the help of calculations and simulations, seven cost-effective measures have been identified.

This report is based upon an experimental study of exit sign luminescence in different environments. The purpose is to evaluate the lowest luminescence of an exit sign, based upon Swedish regulations. Scientific experiments have been conducted in a controlled environment, where exit sign luminescence was graded by an evaluation group. The results of these have been verified by similar experiments that took place in two department stores. The final result of the study is guidelines for appropriate exit sign luminescence in different environments..