Because of the increasing trends in energy consumption and increased environmental awareness, greater focus has been placed on improvement and development of renewable energy sources. An already proven and accepted method is biogas production from anaerobic digestion at municipal wastewater treatment plants.In the waste water treatment process solid material and dissolved pollutants are separated from the water, forming a sludge. The sludge is separated from the process and stabilized during anaerobic digestion or aerobic aeration. Most often, mesophilic anaerobic digestion is used. Because of degradation by microorganisms, biogas with a high content of methane is formed during the digestion.

New laws and recommendations within corporate governance during the last years have affected the way board of directors work. The board is said to have and fulfill three roles: a control role, a service role and a strategy role. These roles could be understood by three theoretical theories: the agency theory, the resource dependence theory and the stewardship theory. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether, and if so how, the board work differs between two small firms based on these roles, given that one of the firms is a publicly listed firm and the other is a privately owned firm. Using a qualitative case study as research method we find that the board work differs between the two companies when it comes to these roles.

Studiens syfte är att studera utbytesstudenters rumsliga relation till fem utvalda besöksattraktioner med tyngdvikt på vad för sorts tankar, känslor, värderingar och mening som dessa genererar. Vi har genomfört sex stycken kvalitativa enskilda intervjuer samt en fokusgruppintervju med utbytesstudenter, där fotografier på fem uppvisade besöksattraktioner i Stockholm har presenteras. Dessa besöksattraktioner var Stadshuset, Ericsson Globe/Skyview, Kungliga Slottet, Vasamuseet samt Gröna Lund. Våra underliggande frågeställningar har behandlat besöksattraktionernas fysiska utformning, vad dessa representerar samt vad utbytesstudenterna finner om dess geografiska placering i förhållande till hur staden är utformad. Den teoretiska genomgången behandlar platsens och rummets dimensioner samt semiotik.

Den 1 juli 2007 infördes en ny lag till byggbranschen som innebär att handel av byggtjänster numera ska behandlas med omvänd skattskyldighet. Därav ska inte längre säljare av byggtjänster redovisa moms på sina utgående fakturor utan säljaren ska redovisa både in- och utgående moms. Orsaken bakom laginförandet är den mängd momsfusk som uppmärksammats där säljare av byggtjänster fått inbetalt moms för sina tjänster men inte redovisat den vidare till Skatteverket utan behållt den i egen ficka. Vår uppsats har beskrivit de olika positiva respektive negativa följder laginförandet har medfört..

Today, there are a number of different models and methods used to estimate the equity value of a company. A common tool for valuating stock prices is the usage of different multiples. This is a method used to determine the value of a company, by examining and comparing the financial ratios of relevant peer groups. The disadvantage with this method is that it does not take all the important aspects, such as risk, investments and capital structure, into consideration. However, this study investigates if the key value, called discounted cash flow (DCF), can be integrated with the valuation of the multiples.

The aim of this Master?s thesis is to study the information needs of the homeless. The main focus is to investigate what kind of information needs that are to be found among the homeless and also how information is exchanged and shared by the group. Another aspect of our study includes the sources that are used to fulfil these information needs. The homeless use of the library, as one of these sources, is also examined.

This report is about the issue with decreasing production rate mainly caused by failuresrelated to the multiswitch. The multiswitch is a machine at Gefleortens Mejeriföreningwhich has the function of distributing milk cartons from one incoming track into fiveoutgoing tracks. Milk cartons who gets stuck and there by causes the production to stop,is the mainly problem with this constructionThe purpose with this report is to understand the causing factors and make suggestions which can help solving these factors. By analyzing the machine during production, having contact with different suppliers, searching internet for information, 3d-cad drawings and the complementary with personal experiences, this machine has  been evaluated and as a result of this new problem has come to be known.The discovered problems was analyzed and resulted in new suggestions for alternative options. Later the most functional results was chosen and put as a suggestion for the new model.A new machine built with the suggestions from this report assures to be well adapted to the environment at Gefleortens Mejeriföreing and the problems it causes..

In several countries that have been early in the development of wind farms, there is today a second hand market for the used wind turbines. The European Union (EU) has established a waste hierarchy in order to minimize throwaway mentality. The second hand market is a part of this as the steps are to minimize, reuse, recycle, extract energy and landfill.In order to promote the development of renewable energy, there are energy certificates for the producers that provide it, wind power being one type of renewable energy. After 15 years the energy certificates for a specific wind turbine are no longer paid, and after that there are several different scenarios for the wind turbine. The scenarios investigated in this bachelor?s thesis are export of the wind turbine to countries that are not as far along as Sweden in their development towards renewable energy, selling in Sweden to individuals, and recycling of the wind turbine, as it mostly consists of metals and therefore is recyclable.

Incubators have grown more popular in recent years. Studies have shown that companies that have been part of an incubator grow faster and have a higher survival rate. The Swedish government realizes that this benefits the economy. Therefore they have started different funding programs in order to support the incubators. The thesis aims to explore the underlying reasons for why companies that have been part of an incubator often experience high growth.

?This is a study of two school extern homework activities dedicated to helping students with their homework. The questions at issue are 1) how are the homework activities organized when it comes to financing, planning, marketing and implementation? 2) Who participates as staff as well as students and what are the requirements for participants? 3) What are the reasons for students to attend school external homework sessions? Material was gathered by a survey among the students at the activities and by interviews with principals for each activity. Two main findings are that the homework activities are almost exclusively visited by students with immigrant background and that the main reasons for participating are difficulties with the Swedish language, and parents not being able to help their children with homework.

This master?s thesis deals with problems and opportunities when it comes to cooperation between compulsory schools, upper secondary schools, school libraries and public libraries on Gotland. The goal of this thesis is to investigate which ideas exist among public librarians, school librarians and headmasters when it comes to taking responsibility for the students? information literacy, basic library knowledge and passion for books. It also examines some of the problems they meet when trying to work together around these tasks.

Since a few years back television has been on a verge of an enormous digital change. Web-TV is now growing at an incredible rate and is said to completely change the way we consume TV. The purpose of this essay is to determine and gain an understanding of how representatives of the broadcast industry looks at the phenomenon of web-TV and especially the different kinds of online video services and how they believe this will affect the television. Methods used are qualitative interviews which we compared with previous studies on the subject and acknowledged communication theories. The respondents were people with good insight and understanding of the media and TV industry.

The family and relatives caring for older people in Sweden lies on an old tradition. The responsibility to care for older family members has gone from family to the society. The aim of this study was to examine the needs of family caregivers and their experience of municipality support. This study includes only the family caregivers who have the main responsibility for the care of relatives and have support from the municipality. The caregivers were not allowed to work more than 50 percent in another job.

Va?rlden sta?r info?r ett stort vattenfo?rso?rjningsproblem som ma?ste lo?sas ? sa? ma?nga som 884 miljoner ma?nniskor anva?nder idag potentiellt fo?rorenade vattenka?llor till sitt dricksvatten. Denna rapport fokuserar pa? ett av de drabbade la?nderna som a?r Uganda. Syftet med projektet a?r att underso?ka vilket/vilka av de fem olika ugandiska va?xterna; Erythrina abyssinica, Musa spp, Cyperus papyrus, Imperata cylindrica och Coffea canephora som a?r mest la?mplig fo?r rening av kadmium- och blykontaminerat grundvatten.

Syfte och frågeställningar: Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka de fysiologiska effekterna av kombinationsträning, innefattande styrketräning, contrast complex training (CCT) kombinerat med intervallträning i form av upprepade kortare sprintar (ca 6 s) (RSE) eller längre (30 s) högintensiva intervaller (HIIT) hos handbollsspelare i herrelit, under tävlingssäsong.Metod: Under 12 veckor, i tävlingssäsong, genomförde 15 elithandbollsherrar, utöver sin vanliga handbollsträning antingen RSE (n=8) bestående av 10 repetitioner av shuttle sprintar (2 x 15 m) med start varje minut och med passiv vila eller HIIT (n=7) bestående av 5 reps av 30-s all-out sprintar med riktningsförändringar. Båda grupperna genomförde ocksåCCT bestående av 3 set med 3 övningar (3 x knäböj 90 % av 1RM, 6 x jump squat med 50 % av kroppsvikten, 6 x dropp jump från 30 cm Pre- och posttesterna inkluderade jump squat (JS) (RFD (Ns/kg)), 5 jump for distance test (5JT) (m), 30m sprint (5m (s), 20-30m (m/s), repeated shuttle sprint ability test (RSSA) (RSA Bäst, Sämst, Tot (s) samt beräknat trötthetindexFI (%), Sdec (%)), 1 RM knäböj (koncentrisk) (kg/kg kroppsvikt), Yo-Yo intermittent recovery test (YYIRT 1)(m) and maximal syreupptagningstest (VO2max) (l O2/min, ml·kg-0.75·min-1). Resultat: Båda grupperna ökade signifikant maxstyrkan i knäböj, RSE gruppen (8,8 %) mer än HITT (7,4 %) (p<0.01). I motsats visade HIIT gruppen större förbättringar i rate of force development (RFD) (63,3 %) än RSE (56,3 %) (p<0,05). VO2max ökade signifikant och likartat i båda grupperna (~2%).