Bakgrund: Under 1970-talet börjar företag förändra sitt arbetande med traditionell budget. Detta p.g.a.att budgeten inte ses som tillräckligt flexibel i världens olika förändringar. Många företag väljer att förbättra den traditionella budgeten med olika förbättringsåtgärder. Som ett exempel på detta är Handelsbanken som väljer ett nytt system Beyond Budgeting/Budgetlösstyrning. Ett ekonomistyrningssystem som är den traditionella budgetens motsats.Syfte: Studien syftar till att se hur de olika systemen fungerar i reella verksamheter, och speciellt de som har erfarenheter av Beyond Budgeting.

I denna studie undersöktes hur feedback påverkar tillförlitligheten i äldre ögonvittnens konfidens- och frekvensbedömningar, d.v.s. realismen i deras vittnesmål. Detta skedde genom ett experiment med 35 deltagare som vid ett tillfälle fick se ett kort händelseförlopp på film. Deltagarna delades sedan in i två grupper (experimentgrupp och kontrollgrupp) och fick vid ett andra tillfälle fylla i ett frågeformulär med 42 frågor rörande händelseförloppet. Experimentgruppen erhöll två typer av feedback (stödjande och icke-stödjande), som var konstruerad information om vad en annan deltagare hade svarat.Vid bedömningen av enskilda frågor visade båda grupperna överkonfidens, men experimentgruppen visade högre överkonfidens vid stödjande feedback än vid icke-stödjande feedback.

The investigation aims to clarify to what extent non-conscious thought has efficacy in e.g. decision making and also examine some aspects of the question whether decisions are caused by free will. This will be conducted through an analysis of new research pertaining to neuroscience, economics, the combination of the two within neuroeconomics; evolutionary theory and especially the new theory of Unconscious thought (Nordgren & Dijksterhuis 2006) which will enjoy special scrutiny due to its recentness in the scientific field. A decision strategy ought to put high-level conscious cognition to use where it's most effective and this is on a different level than the canonized one. Meta decision making is decision making pertaining to which decisions ought to be made consciously.

The purpose of this essay is to analyse the descriptions of young girls' experiences of internet contacts, which have led up to sexual abuse. The aim is to give additional understanding and knowledge concerning grooming.       Grooming means that somebody gets in contact with someone else with the intention of committing sexual violations at a later stage. In most cases this concerns adults who contact children. We have chosen to confine ourselves to focusing on the grooming on internet that has happened to girls. By means of thematic analyses of texts from the books Jag kände mig speciell, grooming på internet, 2012 and Alexandramannen, vår tids största nätsexhärva, 2009, we have found certain themes and linked them up with previous research-work and also theory of social psychology.

The purpose of this essay is to analyse the descriptions of young girls' experiences of internet contacts, which have led up to sexual abuse. The aim is to give additional understanding and knowledge concerning grooming.       Grooming means that somebody gets in contact with someone else with the intention of committing sexual violations at a later stage. In most cases this concerns adults who contact children. We have chosen to confine ourselves to focusing on the grooming on internet that has happened to girls. By means of thematic analyses of texts from the books Jag kände mig speciell, grooming på internet, 2012 and Alexandramannen, vår tids största nätsexhärva, 2009, we have found certain themes and linked them up with previous research-work and also theory of social psychology.

There is little knowledge about abuse of anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) in Sweden. Thispaper aims to explore, from a discourse psychological angle, how persons with experience ofanabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) construct there identities.The theory and method used as a frame for the paper is discursive psychology, depending on thefocus in the paper of human beings use of language in the construction of identities. Forcollection of data interviews were made. The six respondents al had experience of use of AAS.The interviews illustrated how users of AAS speak about AAS, and create there identity, inrelation to AAS. In the interpretation of data we used two different tools, used by discursivepsychologists, interpretative repertoires and subject positions.

The cat has evolutionary become an obligate carnivore. Today it is common to feed the cat a dry food. Studies have shown that the dry formula can have negative consequences for the cat. A literature study where conducted to investigate whether the cats origin makes it incapable to compensate for the changes a dry food entails. The impact and implications regarding water intake, energy intake and blood glucose concentration when feeding the cat dry food where examined.

The conservation of great apes faces many challenges, one of which is the threat of infectious disease outbreaks. Zoonotic transmission of respiratory diseases from humans to wild great apes has recently been confirmed. Since respiratory disease is one of the major causes of death in both gorillas and chimpanzees, this gives reason for major concern. Little is known about the risks of disease transmission from humans to great apes in natural environments, and there is a need for systematic risk evaluation. Researchers, conservation staff and tourists spend time in very close proximity of wild great apes, sometimes during long time periods, which poses a potential risk of disease spillover. However, the presence of researchers and tourists has been shown to decrease the risk of poaching, making the matter increasingly complex.

Titel; Vilka faktorer i service branschens arbetsmiljö har betydelse för social trötthet? Hur ser sambanden ut mellan utbrändhet och social trötthet? Författare; Jennie Andersson Nyckelord; Utbrändhet, Social trötthet, arbetsmiljö Syftet med undersökningen har varit att få fram vilka faktorer i service branschens arbetsmiljö som har betydelse för social trötthet samt undersöka eventuella samband mellan utbrändhet och social trötthet. Undersökningen är riktat mot vårdanställda och reseledare då tidigare undersökning påvisat samband mellan social trötthet och reseledare. Undersökningen är av en kvantitativ metod i form av en enkät. Denna enkät skickades ut till sammanlagt 110 personer i service branschen (vårdanställda och reseledare).

Within the Swedish school and the public library communities it is generally held as a truth that reading of fiction develops the empathic ability of the reader. This opinion is also expressed in political guiding documents for the school system and cultural sector. This paper's main hypothesis is that there is no assembled theoretic ground for the statement that reading of fiction develops the empathic ability. The investigation consists of two parts, the first being theoretical and the second empirical. Definitions of what empathy and reading is, are reviewed in the first part.

In this essay, the phenomenon and the concept "meditation" are treated. Meditation is a mental training technique where one develops the ability to choose where to put attention and ability to focus. Techniques for meditation is used individually of people who wants to develop themselves as persons and in therapeutic aims of professional within the field of psychology in order to help people to find solutions of problems within themselves. The aim with this essay were to do a qualitative study in order to see how possible effects of meditation influences daily life of contributory practisian's. Issue has been as follows; which effects have one regularly conducting of meditation on people and their lives? Interviews with four experienced meditators were done in India and the material were analyzed afterwards with the aid of thematic analysis, furthermore in order to link the results with clinical research and established theories about meditation.

Genom att studera ledares motivation och tillfredsställelse i relation till motivationsteorin Self-Determination Theory (SDT) söktes stöd för undersökningens syfte och frågeställningar: hur respektive kön i ledarpositioner motiveras på arbetsplatsen i förhållande SDT ? om de är självbestämmande eller kontrollerade samt om det finns en relation mellan motivation och tillfredsställelse. Frågeformulär besvarades av 48 män och 93 kvinnor i olika ledarpositioner. Data analyserades i form av t-tester, ett Chi-Square-test, kategoriseringar samt ett beräknande av Work Extrinsic and Intrinsic Motivation Scale. Resultatet visade att den inre liksom den mest självbestämmande och minst kontrollerade motivationstypen motiverade mest utifrån självbestämmande profiler samt att det finns en relation mellan upplevelsen av motivation och tillfredsställelse.

En litteraturstudie som undersöker sambandet mellan utrymme för lärande på arbetsplatsen och den psykosociala hälsan. Hur den psykosociala arbetsmiljön påverkar hälsan genom stress tas upp. En bakgrund och historik till relevanta begrepp och teorier ges. Aktuell forskning i området analyseras och diskuteras. Slutsatser om lärandets roll i det flexibla arbetslivet presenteras..

Syftet med studien var att undersöka hur vissa gemensamma faktorer upplevs i en terapi samt hur de förhåller sig till varandra och upplevelsen av utfallet. Följande faktorer ingick i undersökningen: den terapeutiska alliansen, terapeutens kompetens, förväntningar på påfrestning, förväntningar på utfall inför terapin och klientens problematik. En frågeställning inför studien var även huruvida klienters och terapeuters upplevelser av terapin överensstämmer med varandra. Till grund för studien ligger skattningar gjorda av studentterapeuter och deras klienter vid mottagningen för psykoterapi, Institutionen för psykologi, Lunds Universitet. Tjugofyra studentterapeuter och tjugo klienter deltog i studien, av dessa hade i femton av fallen både terapeut och klient svarat från samma terapi.Studien fann att det generellt finns en samvariation mellan de gemensamma faktorerna och till utfallet.

Title: Identity management on Facebook: a qualitative study in approaches to personal identity between two different age groups on the most public stage of our time (Identitetshantering på Facebook: En kvalitativ studie om förhållningssättet till den egna identiteten hos två olika åldersgrupper på vår tids mest offentliga scen).Number of pages: 43.Author: Isabelle Kåge.Tutor: Amelie Hössjer.Course: Media and Communication Studies C.Period: Fall Semester 2010.University: Division of Media and Communication, Department of Information Science, Uppsala University.Purpose/Aim: To identify differences in attitudes towards and management of personal identity onFacebook within two different age groups.Material/Method: Personal interviews, literature, electronic sources, Internet sources.Main results: Those in the younger age group present themselves differently depending on the person or persons with whom they are communicating. Those in the older age group however, present themselves in a more consequent matter based upon the visibility their actions have to all their friends on Facebook as a whole. The definitions of certain elements on Facebook, such as what constitutes private information or anexcess of photo-tags, differ between the two age groups. Comments and feedback differ in importance and effect between the two age groups. Those in the younger age group are more likely to modify their attitudes towards their identities based upon the functions of Facebook.