Working life is an arena that often reflects attitudes that already exist in our society. When alcohol- and drug abuse is detected among employees the employer has a statutory responsibility for rehabilitation. But the way how these employees gets to be treated is also influenced by attitudes. The purpose of this essay was to illustrate from a gender perspective how women's and men's alcohol- and drug abuse occur in working life and how the attitudes in our society towards their abuse reflect on trade life. Referring that, our intention was also to examine which consequences are given of how the individual is treated.

Background: Pet therapy has existed as a concept since 1964 when the American child psychologist Boris Levinson coined the term. Nowadays Animal Assisted Activity (AAA) and Animal Assisted Therapy (AAT) are both recognized concepts, and with progressed research the science of pet therapy increases.Purpose: To summate the most recent science in pet therapy (therapy dog) research with focus on physical, psychical, and social effects.Methods: Literature study/review with descriptive design, research on 21 articles published from year 2003 and onward. Articles used in the study were chosen through beforehand decided criteria, subject to quality rating, and summated in an overview. The main results were summated and presented in similarities and differences.Results: The main result of the summation was that important results could be measured in each of the three fields of research. Physical/physiological effects: pain relief, differentiated results on vital signs, and increased activity.

The aim of the study was to explore the methods used in horticultural therapy gardens in rehabilitating people suffering from fatigue syndrome. Nine horticultural therapy gardens were contacted of wich three chose to participate. Using case study as method e-mail interviews was carried out with the participants about their establishment and what kind of theories they based their methods upon. The material collected from the interviews was complemented with additional data from the establishments web pages and information pamphlets. Collected data was processed trough content analysis and then formed as background for the development of a program theory for horticultural therapy.

The purpose of this paper was to examine how people experience the practice of Cannabis in daily life. The study was based on interviews with five individuals who have experience with cannabis use. They do not represent a bigger population only themselves. We chose these particular individuals because all of them began using cannabis at a young age- everyone before they were twenty. But they have been using cannabis because of different reasons.

The aim of this study was, that from a view of professional's understand the meanings of including horses in therapy. In order to achieve the aim of the study, qualitative method was used and therewith interviews was performed with professionals who work with equine- assisted therapy. The professionals did also have an education which allowed them to independently treat clients and besides that at least five years of experience of equine- assisted therapy. The issues of the study was to understand the professionals? view of the horses role in equine-assisted therapy, which opportunities and constraints professionals consider that equine-assisted therapy entails and also if the horse could bring something unique to therapy.

The aim of this study is to examine how young people look at and perceive drugs by studying how they discuss and reason about drugs. The essay's main interest is not whether young people use drugs or not. We are primarily interested in how young people talk about drugs. The questions that we want to get answered are:What are the beliefs that young people have about drugs, drug use and drug users? More specifically we seek answers to which images, symbols and attributes that young people links to drugs, drug use and drug users.What is important in young people's construction of beliefs about drugs and drug users? More specifically, which are the information sources and reference groups that young people assigns significance?We used focus group interviews as the research method.

The purpose of this thesis was to increase our understanding of how the social service in Sweden deals with reported incidents of addiction to medicines. Another purpose was to point out the different opinions concerning addiction to medicines amongst actors as well as possible ways to handle the problem.We have conducted a quantitative and qualitative e-mail survey targeting all communities in Sweden, with the ambition of gaining further knowledge about the role and responsibility of the social service concerning reports of addiction to medicines. Two quantitative questions were one asked about how many clients requested/were reported for needing help with their drug abuse alone, and the second question about how many clients needing help for drug abuse as a part of a wider addiction.The survey revealed that the social services judge their role/responsibility differently; some take the main responsibility while others think that drug abuse is created by the general health care and should be handled by this organization as well. In relation to the estimated amount of drug addicts in Sweden only a small part are in contact with the social service..

In this study the opioid buprenorphine was given to 8 clinically healthy goats. The pharmacokinetics and behavioral effects were studied. Injections of buprenorphine, 0.02 mg/kg body weight was given both intramuscularly (i.m.) and intravenously (i.v.) with a cross over design. The results showed a short half-life of the drug in the plasma, 65.9 ± 17.4 min (mean ± SD), after i.v. injection.

Musikalisk prestationsångest (MPA) är ett vanligt förekommande problem bland musiker och kan i vissa fall omöjliggöra en karriär som musiker. Syftet med föreliggande studie var att utvärdera en 5 sessioners behandling med Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) för MPA. Resultatet är lovande, 7 av 8 deltagare fullföljde behandlingen och flera deltagare fick förbättringar på såväl ACT-relaterade mått som på mått för MPA. Resultatet motiverar vidare forskning om ACT för MPA..

Multipel skleros (MS) är en kronisk immunologisk sjukdom som slår på centrala nervsystemet (CNS) och kan leda till minskad neurologisk funktion. I Sverige finns 17 500 personer som fått en MS-diagnos. Den vanligaste åldern för insjuknande är 20-40 år och sjukdomen är dubbelt så vanlig bland kvinnor som bland män. Om patienterna inte får behandling finns risk för kraftiga funktionsnedsättningar. Syftet med detta arbete var att undersöka effekten och säkerheten med det perorala läkemedlet fingolimod jämfört med intravenös behandling med natalizumab vid MS.

The purpose with our essay was to examine what favourable factors there are for women to get out of drug abuse and from a gender aspect interpret how these factors are used in the treatment of female drug-addicts, regarded from the treatment personnel view. The questions we have focused on are: What are the favourable factors for women in the way out of the addiction. How can the use of favourable factors be interpreted from a gender aspect. In what way is the knowledge about these favourable factors used in the drug abuse treatment.To fulfil the purpose whit our examination and to get answers to our questions we performed an explorative examination and applied a qualitative method in the form of a half structured interview with five persons.The main features of the results in our examination were that unisexual treatment, the group and the friendship between women, children and pregnancy and professional and private social network were considered as the favourable factors for the women out of their addiction. Certain factors were used in the treatment as a way to socialize or resocialize the female drug-addicts to predominant social models of how a woman should be like..

Women, etnicity and illict drug useA litterature reviewAuthors: Cecilia Eriksson & Hanna Rapp AnderssonSupervisor: Odd LindbergABSTRACTThis study aims to examine how womens illict drug use appears in different ethnic groups. The chosen perspectiv is social constructivism. The study is based on 20 scientific studies: 17 from Northern America, two from Great Britain and one from Sweden. Central themes from the studies have been created from different subject viewpoints. The results of this study shows that women have different needs when treatment is required.

Bakgrund: Globalt är hypertoni ett hot mot folkhälsan och förekommer hos 40 % av världens befolkning och hos 27 % i Sverige. Hypertoni är starkt relaterat till utvecklingen av kardiovaskulära sjukdomar som står för 31 % av alla dödsfall i världen. Sjuksköterskans arbete är bland annat att förebygga hypertoni och dess följdsjukdomar.Syfte: Syftet var att beskriva icke-farmakologiska interventioner som kan tillämpas i blodtryckssänkande syfte hos patienter med primär hypertoni.Metod: Litteraturstudie med en strukturerad sökning i Medline, Cinahl och AMED. Sökord som användes var hypertension, therapy och Drug therapy samt i Medline användes även diabetes. Dataanalysen skedde med inspiration av konventionell innehållsanalys.Resultat: Tre studier visade att fysisk aktivitet minskade blodtrycket signifikant.

Cancer is one of the most feared diseases in veterinary medicine today, and the incidence is higher than ever due to the fact that our companion animals live longer then they did ten to twenty years ago. Cancer is also one of the most common causes of mortality in older companion animals. This literature review will be about two of the currently most common form of cancer treatment of companion animals in Swedish animal hospitals, chemotherapy and radiation therapy. There will also be a section of general nursing care for cancer patients. The section of chemotherapy will describe the indications for choosing chemotherapy, the way to administrate chemotherapeutic drugs, describe specific chemotherapeutic drugs, potential side effects of chemotherapy, and how to handle and store chemotherapeutic drugs safely. The section of radiation therapy will describe the current devices for delivering radiation therapy, describe the indications for choosing radiation therapy and describe potential side effects that radiation therapy may cause.

Bakgrund: Globalt är hypertoni ett hot mot folkhälsan och förekommer hos 40 % av världens befolkning och hos 27 % i Sverige. Hypertoni är starkt relaterat till utvecklingen av kardiovaskulära sjukdomar som står för 31 % av alla dödsfall i världen. Sjuksköterskans arbete är bland annat att förebygga hypertoni och dess följdsjukdomar.Syfte: Syftet var att beskriva icke-farmakologiska interventioner som kan tillämpas i blodtryckssänkande syfte hos patienter med primär hypertoni.Metod: Litteraturstudie med en strukturerad sökning i Medline, Cinahl och AMED. Sökord som användes var hypertension, therapy och Drug therapy samt i Medline användes även diabetes. Dataanalysen skedde med inspiration av konventionell innehållsanalys.Resultat: Tre studier visade att fysisk aktivitet minskade blodtrycket signifikant.