The aim of this work is to demonstrate how the net present value (NPV) at the time of the first thinning depends on the spacing after pre-commercial thinning, and show how net value from first thinning in same stand is influenced. This study is performed with models based on non-distant dependent growth models for single trees. Two different growth models have been used, one for cleaning (pre-commercial thinning) and one for thinning. The first one yields stem density distributed over diameter classes. In the second one, (the thinning model), it is possible to choose when thinning should be done, the thinning method, thinning grade and numbers of thinning.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of an infusion of hypertonic saline solution (HSS) in combination with an oral waterload on cows suffering from rightsided displacement of the abomasum (RDA). Six dairy cows were treated with 7,2% HSS in a dosis of 5 ml per kg bodyweight. They also received an oral waterload of approximately 15 liters. To monitor changes in fluid-, acid-base- and electrolyte-balance, bloodsamples were collected during the next 24 hours. During this period, the cows also underwent surgery to empty and correct the position of the abomasum.

Trots alla rapporter om sjunkande resultat i matematikämnet i den svenska skolan så finns det lärare vars elever har en hög uppfyllelse av målen i läroplan och kursplan. Denna studie ägnas åt att genom observationer och intervjuer av en handfull matematiklärare urskilja mönster och gemensamma drag hos dessa. Studien visar att det finns vissa gemensamma drag hos de lärare som bedriver framgångsrik matematikundervisning. För det första finns det ett tydigt mål med undervisningen. Det andra är att de alla tar på sig ledarskapet i klassrummet och ansvaret för undervisningen samtidigt som eleverna involveras i planeringen, både direkt och indirekt.

This thesis has been carried out at Diac Metal AB at Torsvik outside of Jönköping. The company produces parts for, amongst others, office furniture and store equipment. The essay will be concentrated on one detail which is included in many of their products.Today the company uses an ordering quantity based on experience which is rarely updated. Furthermore the operations are performed in both the company?s own engineering workshop but also an external workshop.The purpose with the report has been to check whether an updating of today?s batch shaping and ordering system can mean simpler storage control and possibly cost reduction.

Uppsatsen behandlar varumärkesutvidgning från vara till tjänst där tjänsteerbjudandets särdrag antas påverka utvidgningens styrning i jämförelse med en varumärkesutvidgning från vara till vara. Varumärkesutvidgningsforskningen brister eftersom den varken beaktar att eller hur tjänsters särskiljande drag påverkar varumärkesutvidgningsprocessen. Det är detta kunskapsgap som uppsatsen behandlar. Syftet är att identifiera och analysera särskiljande drag i varumärkesutvidgningsprocessen när utvidgningen utförs från vara till tjänst jämfört med från vara till vara.Resultatet av uppsatsen är att ett särdrag i form av ett behov att omdefiniera varumärket utifrån en tjänstedefinition har identifierats. Detta är av vikt då varumärkets image annars lämnas utsatt för de risker en ouppmärksammad nyckelfaktor, i form av serviceprocessen, kan medföra..

Sahlgrenska Academyat University of GothenburgDepartment of Internal Medicin and Clinical NutritionAbstractTitle: Does supplementation of omega-3 during pregnancy affectprevalence of allergy in infants and children?Author: Peter Eliasson, Anna RahmSupervisor: Lena HulthénExaminer: Anna WinkvistProgramme: Dietician study programme, 180/240 ECTSType of paper: Examination paper, 15 ECTSDate: 2012-04-12BackgroundEpidemiologic research has shown an association between a high intake of fish and allergy.The underlying theory is that allergy develops already at a prenatal stage and food intakeduring pregnancy has been shown to be significant. Conducting research on allergy isproblematic since it has genetic, as well as enviromental, determinants.ObjectiveThis thesis attempts to conclude and evaluate research on a connection betweensupplementation of omega-3 during pregnancy and allergic outcomes in infants and children.Search strategyThe literature search was conducted in the databases PubMed and Scopus. Among thekeywords chosen were omega 3, supplement, pregnancy and allergy.Selection criteriaHuman RCT, that measured allergy, where the intervention consisted of supplementation withomega-3 for at least ten weeks during pregnancy and ceased at birth.Data collection and analysisThree articles were chosen for this thesis. The articles were examined using templates fromSBU and the quality of evidence was evaluated according to GRADE.Main resultsNone of the articles showed a protective effect on allergic outcome but in one of the studiesthere was significant reduction in eggallergy and another showed significant lower occurrenceof severe eczema.ConclusionsSupplementation with omega-3 during pregnancy does not occur to have an protective effecton allergic outcome in infants and childen but the evidence for this is considered to bemoderate.

Syftet med detta arbete är utifrån litteraturuppgifter samt analys beskriva Salvador Dalis och René Magrittes konstnärliga arbetsmetod, och utifrån detta göra en egen visuell gestaltning. Metoden jag har använt mig utav är litteratur, bildandalys och konstnärliga gestaltningar.Salvador Dalis metod i Minnets beständighet bygger på gränslöshet och fantasi, med tydliga semiotiska inslag. Du som betraktare avgör vad som ses, vill du se målningarna enkelt och bara uppleva det som är målat, eller vill betraktaren sjunka in i en värld av nyskapande, suddiga gränser och bortom alla regler. René Magrittes metod bygger i Människosonen på naturliga och trovärdiga drag, hans målning framstå som verklig fast med en touch av fantasi, med sparsamma drag av semiotik..

Introduction: A complex interaction between muscles, tendons, bones, joints and nerves are required for optimal function of the human hand. It is known that an individual?s grip strength is vital for performance of physical demanding tasks such as strength training with free weights. Strength training including a thicker grip around the bar may enhance the strength of the grip in the athlete without other special routines for grip strength development. The purpose of this investigation was to examine the difference in performance in multiple repetitions in two strength training exercises using two different sizes on the bar, to look for correlations between grip strength of the subjects hand and the amount of repetitions executed with two different size of the bar and finally the correlation of hand size and the amount of repetitions executed with two different size of the bar.Method: 15 strength training men (23,9 ± 4,1 years), underwent measurements of hand size, maximum grip strength, 1 repetition maximum (1RM), a 80 % of 1RM weight strength test with two different  bar sizes.Results: The results from the present investigation indicates a 21,1 % reduction of 80 % of 1 RM weight performance in repetitions executed in the bench press with the thicker diameter of the bar and a 66,2 % reduction in repetitions executed with a 80 % of 1 RM weight in the lying bench row with the thicker diameter of the bar.

The idea of using algae in different areas and exploring its possibilities is nothing new. Already in the early 1950s microalgae was explored as a possible food resource because of its high protein content. Lately there has been an increased interest in its potential for industrial use. Wastewater treatment is a possible use of algae since the algae grow well on the nutrients present in the water. This offers the possibility to grow algae for nutrient reduction and use the biomass for energy or animal feed since many alga species has a good nutritional value. Approximately 800-1000 m3 water is applied per 1000 m2 of greenhouse area during one season in a tomato production.

The poultry red mite, Dermanyssus gallinae, is a common problem in poultry facilities, causing great discomfort for the hens and effecting the production economically. Few efficient acaricides are available and there is a need for new control methods since resistance has become a problem in some cases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of the new liquid silica control agent Ectopar, on the poultry red mite. An initial in vitro test of Ectopar and its two components individually was performed, where live mites were sealed in together with filter paper impregnated with one of the three solutions prepared. The survival of the mites was thereafter recorded repeatedly during a period of 120 hours and compared to a control. For the field study, two poultry farms with different housing systems were used, one with furnished cages (farm 1) and one with a single tier floor system (farm 2).

Sahlgrenska Academyat University of GothenburgDepartment of Internal Medicine and Clinical NutritionAbstractTitle: Does low fat dairy products reduce blood pressure?Author: Emma Bergman and Naman LimaniSupervisor: Lena HulthénExaminer: Anna WinkvistProgramme: Dietician study programme, 180/240 ECTSType of paper: Examination paper, 15 hpDate: May 26, 2014Background: It is estimated that at least a third of the population in Sweden have a high blood pressure with genetics, unhealthy diet and physical inactivity as the main contributing causes. High blood pressure is one of the greatest risk factors to develop cardiovascular diseases, which is the leading cause of death worldwide. Milk is a nutritional food product and previous research suggests that low fat dairy products may have blood pressure lowering effect.Objective: The aim was to examine the scientific basis of how low fat dairy products affect blood pressure.Search strategy: Twelve searches were conducted on PubMed and Scopus, where the chosen search terms were combined to produce a broad search as possible in the particular area. The search terms used were dairy, dairy products, milk, blood pressure and hypertension.Selection criteria: Studies on normotensive or hypertensive individuals who received low fat dairy products were included.

Användning av digitala tjänster är inte längre endast begränsat till en plattform. Användningen av till exempel mobiler och surfplattor har gjort att tjänster idag anpassas för flera plattformar. En plattformsoberoende tjänst är en digital tjänst som kan användas på flera plattformar. Tidigare studier har presenterat karaktäristiska drag som beskriver plattformsoberoende tjänster. De karaktäristiska drag som har definierats är komposition, kontinuitet och följdriktighet.

Ground construction has to a large extent been dominated by traditional meth-ods during the last 50 years. Although the construction has been changed meanwhile innovations are not accepted. In collaboration with NCC Ltd Region South, I have examined a modern con-struction methodology that has been developed by NCC for future large pro-jects. The method is divided into two central phases. Phase 1 is? Single Pro-duction? which is a preliminary period for ground constructions to come.

Denna studie handlar om dialektanvändning och attityder till dialekt bland dagens ungdomar i Uppland. Den bygger på en enkätundersökning som har genomförts i två gymnasieklasser i Uppsala. I ena klassen kommer merparten av eleverna från Uppsala och i den andra från övriga Uppland. Enkäten bestod av två delar: en första del innehöll allmänna frågor om användningen av dialekt och standardspråk samt attityder till dessa varieteter, medan förekomsten av konkreta dialektala drag, som har tagits upp som utmärkande för Uppland i tidigare forskning, undersöktes i enkätens andra del.De viktigaste frågeställningarna har varit om vissa dialektala drag finns kvar hos dagens ungdomar och hur vanliga de är, om det finns några skillnader mellan språket i Uppsala och övriga Uppland samt mellan pojkar och flickor när det gäller användning av och attityder till dialekt. Undersökningen har bland annat kommit fram till att eleverna i klassen där de flesta elever kommer från uppländska landsbygden är mer dialektala än de i klassen där de flesta kommer från Uppsala.

Den traditionella dialekten i Mora används idag i allt mindre utsträckning, framförallt hos unga. På vilket sätt talar då ungdomar i Mora idag? Den här uppsatsen undersöker dialekten hos åtta Moraungdomar. Jag analyserar vilka språkliga drag som lever kvar och vilka som är nya i dialekten. Vidare undersöker jag hur de utomspråkliga variablerna kön, geografi och socialt nätverk påverkar informanternas dialektanvändning. Jag tittar också på hur informanterna själva ser på dialekten.Undersökningen visar att dialekten har genomgått en stor förändring.