Gränsdragningen mellan närings- och hobbyverksamhet är särskilt svår i hästverk-samheter där det nästan alltid finns ett inslag av personligt nöje i utövandet. En verk-samhet ska bedrivas yrkesmässigt, självständigt och med ett vinstsyfte för att uppfyl-la näringskriterierna i 13 kap. 1 § IL. Är kraven på näringsverksamhet inte uppfyllda så kan verksamheten istället beskattas som hobby. Det räcker oftast inte att hästverk-samheten bedrivs med ett vinstsyfte utan den måste i princip generera ett överskott för att inte beskattas som hobbyverksamhet.

Syftet med denna kvalitativa studie är att studera vilka sociala förhållanden som kan ha haft betydelse för kvinnornas val av att stanna kvar eller lämna en våldsam relation samt vilka identiteter tillskriver kvinnorna sig själva under berättandet. Tio intervjuer med kvinnor genomfördes och analyserades utifrån ett hermeneutiskt perspektiv. Centralt i vår studie är intervjupersonernas livsberättelser. I resultatet används ett narrativt och hermeneutisk per-spektiv för att presentera berättelserna och förståelsen som formas mellan berättaren och den som lyssnar. Resultatet visar att de förhållanden som har haft betydelse för att få kvinnorna att stanna kvar är: hot, rädsla och normalisering.

In total 249 horses surgically treated for colic in Sweden during 2002 until 2005 were studied. The horses was identified by the animal insurance company Agria. Survival was studied with respect to age, gender, breed, diagnosis (small intestinal problems, caecal problems, large intestinal problems, incarceration in nephrosplenic ligament, unspecific colic and other colic problems) and treating hospital. Different survivals were calculated. For short-term survival proportions was used and for long-term it was done using Kaplan-Meier technique and log-rank testing.

Within process or manufacturing industries, the production of goods and services or the products themselves may have negative side effects such as pollution. An important task for environmental policy is to control and limit these pollutions, for example via regulatory measures. Although, the efficiency of such measures vary greatly between different industries and an increasingly important task for environmental policy is then to encourage companies to engage in environmentally motivated innovation. Governments can utilize other measures than regulation to indirectly decrease pollution. This thesis aims to analyze such activities and how it affects the innovativeness of wastewater treatment, refrigeration and automobile manufacturing industries.

The aim of this study was to examine and compare two municipalities? approaches to deal with men?s violence as a social problem. Further the aim was to analyze social workers? opinions about interventions for men who practice violence in heterosexual relationships. The study has got a qualitative approach and we did a subjective selection where we chose to apply semi-structured interviews with social workers who work with domestic violence.

Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka hur legitimerade familjeterapeuter inom Barn och- ungdoms psykiatrin (BUP) upplever sin egen och sin arbetsplats kunskap gällande barn som upplevt familjevåld. Syftet var vidare att titta på hur legitimerade familjeterapeuter genomför bedömningar och behandlingar på BUP när de träffar barn som kan ha upplevt eller som har upplevt familjevåld. Frågeställningar har varit hur legitimerade familjeterapeuter upplever sin egen respektive sin arbetsplats kunskap gällande målgruppen barn som upplevt familjevåld? Ytterligare frågeställningar har varit hur bedömningar görs samt hur behandlingen ser ut som erbjuds av legitimerade familjeterapeuter på BUP?  I studien har 38 legitimerade familjeterapeuter svarat på en enkät med fasta svarsalternativ. Enkätstudien har vidare kompletterats med 13 telefonintervjuer med semistrukturerade frågor för att möjliggöra att respondenterna fått delge sina åsikter på ett friare sätt.

Title: Images of Sweden in ItalyNumber of pages: 5252 (589 including enclosures)Author: Oskar GustafssonTutor: Martin NilssonCourse: Political Science C level ? Bachelor?s ThesisPeriod: Spring term 2010University: School of Social SciencesLinnaeus UniversityPurpose/Aim: The purpose of my research study is to, through the use of political science theories on soft power and marketing theories about nation branding and in comparison to previous studies on the image of Sweden in Italy, gains a better understanding of the image of Sweden in Italy, with special focus on national political institutions and young Italians.Method: The method of analysis is a combination of qualitative methods: interviews where information about the image of Sweden amongst national political institutions were gathered and a survey where information was gathered about the image of Sweden amongst young Italians.Main results: On the basis of the results I have gained it can be concluded that a positive and well informed image of Sweden emerges when it comes to cultural and social factors but a more restricted and somewhat negative image come to light when asking national political institutions and young citizens in Italy about their views and knowledge on Swedish domestic and international politics and economics.Keywords: Soft power, Public Diplomacy, Nation Branding, Images of Sweden, Italy..

The city?s public environments are meant to be perceived as safe and inviting areas to visit any time of the day. In recent decades the number of vandalism complaints has doubled and graffiti has become so common that it received a separate category in the crime statistics. With this type of impacts in the public environments the experience are precarious and a boring sight. It?s difficult to put a price tag on these types of crimes, the number of unreported cases suspected to be large.

The aim of this paper is to illuminate and discuss the political and ideological aspects of Early Medieval Nordic music. Due to shortage of sources, this issue has been overlooked until now. Did Early Medieval Nordic music meet the requirements for political and ideological use? In what ways could music potentially be used politically and ideologically? Was music used as a political and ideological tool? This is examined by a contextual analysis combining music history and historical archaeology. The survey consists of a background account, focusing on the potential of music and some requests for political use, and three case studies, where musical reflections of societal tensions is investigated in folk music lyrics, Icelandic sagas and church art.

Introduktion: Tidigare forskning kring partnervåld har främst omfattat våld i heterosexuella relationer och begreppet partnervåld har använts i det närmaste synonymt med mäns våld mot kvinnor. Precis som våld i heterosexuella relationer är samkönat partnervåld inte ett nytt fenomen, dock relativt outforskat. Syfte: Att undersöka och beskriva uppfattningar om våld som begås i samkönade relationer avseende skillnader mellan män och kvinnor. Metod: Studenter från Mittuniversitetet rekryterades (N = 227; 126 kvinnor och 101 män), vilka läste en vinjett och besvarade en enkät. I vinjetterna illustrerades våld i en samkönad relation med antingen två män, eller två kvinnor.

Studien bygger p? 6 kvalitativa intervjuer med socialarbetare och poliser med syfte att unders?ka hur yrkesprofessionella beskriver sitt arbete och samverkan kring barn som bevittnat v?ld. Dessutom har det unders?kts huruvida de professionella upplever att det har skett en f?r?ndring i deras arbete efter inf?randet av barnfridbrottslagen. Under analysen har Lipskys teori om gr?srotsbyr?krati samt Paynes teori om paradigm inom socialt arbete anv?nts.

This thesis investigates how recipient countries' domestic type of democracy affects its inclusive ownership in international development cooperation. This is done by examining Swedish development cooperation with Rwanda and Tanzania during the period from 2010 to 2014, a time when ownership - a concept which emphasizes recipient countries' leadership over its own development - was a central part of the international development agenda. The two cases were selected through a most similar case design where the value of potential explanatory variables was similar, except for the recipient countries' types of democracy. Furthermore, the case study uses a comparative analysis to analyze strategies and reports done by SIDA and the Swedish Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Previous research focuses on the exclusion that national ownership can result in, in undemocratic national contexts. The main argument for this should be seen as the fact that ownership can not be representative if the power of the recipient's development agenda is limited to a decision-making elite.

During the later part of the 20th century the amount of children and adolescents in Sweden who reported psychosomatic illness have greatly increased. The main reason is estimated to relate to weak resources in school and school healthcare. Increased resources do not always have to encompass investments for school and school healthcare. Other resources play an important part as well. A child?s domestic situation serves as one of those resources where fundamental knowledge and values are set.

This study examines how social workers in child and youth units within Social Services perceive and experience working with violence in young people's intimate relationships. The study aims to highlight whether there is a need for a domestic violence team within the child and youth units. Violence in young people?s close relationships is a growing societal issue, with limited establishment within the research field. While research on the frequency of such violence has increased, studies focusing on tailored support measures have lagged behind.

During the summer of 2005 more than 80 million articles of clothing from China, were being held in European harbours. This was a consequence of a striking increase of imported textile and clothing articles from China since the turn of the year, which was the time when all quantitative restrictions were extincted on these products. To protect its own market, the EU therefore reintroduced import quotes in the beginning of the summer. China?s accession agreement to the WTO comprehends a number of unique provisional regulations which are exceptional for the country and in conjunction with clauses and exceptions within the GATT and WTO these regulations enabled new restrictions on the trade with textiles and clothings.