Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate how VAS (Visual Analogue Scale) is used in the prehospital environment, and describe how patients 40 years and older with acute chest pain describe their pain with help of VAS. Further, to investigate how the literature describes other instruments to evaluate pain. Method: This was a descriptive study and used both literature and empiric material as foundation. The selection consist of the paramedics medical record from one emergency department, 100 men and 100 women with chest pain witch had been transported with ambulance to one hospital in middle of Sweden. A literature review was done in order to see what previous research recommends for pain rating scales.Results: The study showed that 71 (35 %) of 200 individuals pain were rated with VAS according to the guidelines for the ambulance department.

The purpose of this study was to investigate a group of teenage girls and their relation to clothes by using the theories about habitus and different types of capital by the French sociologist Pierre Bourdieu. We have used semiotics since we also wanted to know what clothes symbolized for our respondents. The questions were therefore:1. How is a group of teenage girls who go to school in Stockholm city influenced by their habitus and symbolical capital in their attitude and relation to clothes?2.

The city is complex, multi-faceted and fascinating. The same can be said about the rooms of the city. The experience of the rooms of the city can be described in as many ways as there are individuals. The question concerned in this essay is How can you describe the rooms of the city as a phenomenon and how can you describe the experience of these rooms in general? The concepts city and room are widely understood and neither of them has a description that can be used in all situations.

Vi har gjort en kvalitativ studie om Spotify som ska lansera en papperstidning den 22 december 2011. Vårt syfte med studien var att ta studera hur Spotify profilerar sig som papperstidning. Vi ville också ta reda på hur Spotifys målgrupper ser på varumärkets profilering. Vår utgångspunkt under hela studien har varit hermeneutisk eftersom vårt syfte var att få en djupare förståelse från dels First Publishing Group (förlaget till tidningen) men också från tidningens målgrupper.Våra frågeställningar till studien var:* Vilka strategier ligger till grund för Spotifys val att profilera Spotify i en papperstidning?* Hur upplever Spotifys målgrupper varumärkets satsning på en papperstidning?Vi har använt oss utav dels en semistrukturerad samtalsintervju med chefredaktören på First Publishing Group, Ola Karlsson.

Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr) is just like Norway spruce (Picea abies) a species in thegenus picea. The natural range of Sitka spruce is a narrow strip along the west coast of North America. Itis the most coastal of all picea species, and very dependent on the mild and humid climate along thepacific coast.Sitka spruce has been grown a long time in the countries around the North Sea, particularly in GreatBritain where it currently is the most important species in British forestry. Sitka spruce has not beenplanted in Swedish forests to any large extent before the storm Gudrun in 2005. Several studies indicatethat the production of wood biomass is higher for Sitka spruce compared to Norway spruce.

The aim of this study was to seek knowledge about how the media audience interprets media representations of immigrants as well as the construction of ?us? and ?them? that is created from the media report.We implemented two focus group interviews, one containing only ethnical Swedes and one holding a variety of people with different ethnical backgrounds. The focus groups got to read nine news articles from different Swedish news papers selected by us, based upon previous research. These articles got to serve as the basis of the discussion.To supplement the focus groups, which got to represent the media audience, we also interviewed two different persons we choose to call informants, whom are both immigrants and are or have been politically active and often appear in local media.The interviews were our empirical material which was used for analysis. The method we used was qualitative analysis of meaning and was based upon a hermeneutic starting point, meaning that all humans are interpreting beings.

The idea to create authentic learning situations where students are highly integrated made me want to try to develop a new method in the course Restaurant and Catering B MAKU 1208 (another field practicing cuisine). In my quest to do just the practical part as rewarding, stimulating and efficient as possible for the student, I planned for a training model with   focus on group interaction.The implementation of the model for learning was to strengthen students confidence both in themselves and in each other, stimulated to greater cooperation and it has also provided an incentive to the student's own development but not least, a growing self-confidence for many students. Several have also had an increased sense of knowing something, to have something to contribute and that their labour input actually was needed. While highlighting that further education to seek knowledge strengthens the individual's skills and consolidates and increases deeper knowledge in the professional field.In conclusion, training should be done in both individual and group basis for optimal learning process..

Projektet har syftat till att formge en ny och modern handtagsserie för Orthex Group med anledning av att dagens handtagsserie har blivit utdaterad.Inom Orthex Group ingår varumärket Gastromax och det är även där handtaget ska ingå. Som handtagsserie i Gastromax riktar den sig till dessa användare. Gastromax vänder sig främst till konsumenter som är intresserade av matlagning och som väljer redskap med omsorg.I den första delen av projektet har de tre faserna ur projektmetodik genomförts; utredning, planering och genomförande.I den andra delen genomfördes projektmetodikens tre faser; analys, kreativ fas och presentation.Efter att olika typer av handtag studerats i användarstudier, marknadsanalyser, funktionsanalyser och greppanalyser, skissades de första förslagen fram.Dessa förslag tillverkades och testades i användartest 1. Efteranvändartestet analyserades resultatet och nya förfinandetestmodeller tillverkades inför användartest 2. Resultaten från användartest 2 analyserades och ledde fram till slutresultatet; dvs.

Background: Dementia is an umbrella term for a group of diseases that affects the brain and causes cognitive impairment. Animal-assisted Therapy's goal is to meet patients' physical, psychological and social dimensions within the current health care field. To avoid problems like infections and allergy, robotic animals has been developed. The purpose of robotic animals is to induce relaxation and well-being of persons with cognitive impairment for example.Purpose: To compile scientific articles on which effects care dog and robotic animals have on mental and physical health in patients with dementia. Method: A literature review consisting of nine quantitative research articles.

This thesis studies whether private equity owned firms within the Swedish welfare sector distinguish themselves in terms of tax planning and short-termism from a control group consisting of other privately owned welfare firms. For the first time, the comparison is made on the entire welfare sector, between 14 matched pairs within education, health care and elderly care. We use financial metrics associated with tax planning and short-termism in sign tests to examine whether the private equity owned firms differ from our control group. The financial metrics tested are actual and paid tax rates, level of interest, book-tax gap, investments, personnel expenses per employee, and cash earnings. We find that the private equity owned firms in terms of tax planning only differ in the level of interest, while no notable differences are found in terms of short-termism..

Bakgrund: Förändringen från invasionsförsvar till ett insatt insatsförsvar innebär ävenförändring för officerens fysiska prestationsförmåga utifrån ett kompetensperspektiv. Detta ikombination med statsmakternas vilja att Sverige skall delta i internationella insatser i störreutsträckning än tidigare kommer troligen att påverka kravet på officerens fysiskaprestationsförmåga?Syfte: Få insikt om dagens armeofficer uppfyller de kvalifikationer/krav som ställs på fysiskprestationsförmåga i Nordic Battle Group sett ur ett kompetensperspektiv.Teori: Kompetensbegreppet och därtill hörande teorier.Metod: Abduktiv metod har tillämpats, empiri utifrån enkät- och intervjuresultat.Huvudresultat: Resultatet visat att en minoritet av armeofficerarna känner till tilläggskraven,både beträffande insatsorganisationen och krav för personal i NBG. Resultatet visat att enmajoritet av armeofficerarna uppskattar att de uppfyller de fysiska kraven för personal i NBG urett kompetensperspektiv. Resultatet visar dock att det generellt finns förbättringspotentialbeträffande armeofficerens fysiska prestationsförmåga..

Bullying is today a major problem in schools worldwide. Far too many children are forced to undergo bullying day in and day out without anyone seeing or doing something. My purpose with this study is to find out how four F-6 schools in a municipality south of Stockholm are describes their work to get zero tolerance for bullying at their school.My questions are:How does the four F-6 schools' anti-bullying group in a municipality south of Stockholm describes their work to have zero tolerance for bullying?What do the employees in the school anti-bullying groups consider that bullying is?Why do the employees in the school anti-bullying groups think bullying occurs?Who do the employees in the school anti-bullying groups think are bullies or are being bullied?To get my results I have done four interviews with those in charge of the school's anti-bullying group. My theory is based on standards, what is acceptable behavior and normative theory, hypotheses, what is right and wrong as well as desirable or undesirable behavior.

This study looked at two groups of adolescents aged 12-17 years who had participated in circus training. One group had some form of disability while the other had none. The study was carried out as a qualitative study with observations, interviews and a questionnaire used as methods of gathering data. A small part of the study was quantitative and an observation chart was used. The purpose was to examine the importance of teamwork, environmental factors and the necessary requirements during a learning situation.

This thesis work is performed on VSM Group Ltd in Huskvarna that produces sewing machines under the trademarks Pfaff and Husqvarna Viking. On these sewing machines is an application that helps the user to thread the needle. The aim with the work has been to study today's applications on VSM and their competitors' sewing machines in order to since developing a new Needle-threader that divides itself from all the ones used today. The objective with the work has been an entire new concept with an operational prototype.As a base the competitor analysis was used where today's applications was studied in order to identify positive and negative aspects of these. This led to a number off ?concept families? where different variants off the same ideas were collected and evaluated.

Thanks to preschool Bamse and the entire literature I have related to in my degree work I have both got an explanation for my question at issue, and a clearer insight for my main question "The treating of bilingual children after acclimatization". I have within the investigation chosen to study on the basis of the educationalists perspective on bilingual way of working. My question at issue on this investigation has been to see how a regular day of language development looks and how the group of children developed the Swedish language.The purpose with my degree work was to be able to get an insight in the educationalists way of working and methods and also to see how the educationalists treats bilingually individuals after the acclimatization. I have when it concerns choice of method and material collections assumed from a qualitative investigation and gathered the material with help from participation notices and interviews.Down here I will sum up the investigation in poles and describe the aspect the informants have pointed out under the interviews.Bilingually children?s develop the Swedish language with the educationalists by:Converse and communicate with the childName word and objectsUsing the body language at conversationsBuilding security in the group of childrenIntegrate the playing to a language development in the regular dayConfirm the child?s meaning at different connectionsCreate a god relation with the individualTake part of the mother tongue in the program to name single wordsGiving the individual the opportunity to express their thoughts freelyPlace the child at the center of attention among the group of childrenTake part of the parents experience with the mother tongueGiving space to create own imagination with the playing for the individualHave the language as an approachEven the theories mediate that the educationalists shall promote the work with bilingual children so that they control the purpose and see the meaning of activity.