ABSTRACTIntroduction: Postoperative wound infection is the third most common nosocomial infection in Sweden. The ever-growing problem of antibiotic resistance provides surgical departments a big challenge when it comes to preventing the spread of infection. Operating theatre nurses have a vital role in the prevention of infection. In addition, correct ventilation in the operating theatre is of great importance. The caregiver is responsible for quality assurance of ventilation in the operating theatre, but the work can be delegated to other staff within the department.

AbstractPURPOSE: The aim of this study was to describe and compare possible differences regarding selected prognostic factors for disability between patients with non-specific chronic pain who were about to start a multidisciplinary treatment program (MMR), either within primary care (MMR1) or hospital care (MMR2).METHODS: The study had a descriptive and comparative cross sectional design. Eighty-nine patients were recruited consecutively when they were about to start their team treatment (50 in MMR1,39 in MMR2). The measurements were; Evaluation of self-reported self-efficacy for eight daily activities (STIVA-8), The Pain Belief Screening Instrument (PBSI) and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS).RESULTS: The study found some significant differences between the answers from patients in MMR1 and those from patients in MMR2. For instance, patients in MMR2 estimated lower self-efficacy according to STIVA-8 than patients in MMR1. Also, there were fewer low risk patients and more high risk patients in MMR2 than in MMR1 regarding pain intensity according to PBSI.

The aim of the study was to investigate how four pupils in sixth grade use language when writing narrative texts, examined in relation to the typical structure and linguistic features of a narrative text. Another aim was to explore the similarities and differences between texts which received an A or B grade and texts with a D or E grade. The pupils? texts are analysed from a systemic-functional perspective on language and on the basis of the typical structure and language of a narrative text, with the focus on expressions of time, processes, descriptions and nominal groups (cf. Johansson & Sandell Ring 2012).

The purpose of this thesis is to examine the nature of framework agreements in public procurement in Sweden. The main question is whether a contracting authority is obligated to place orders under a framework agreement when purchasing a product or service that is covered in that agreement and to what extent a contractor is obligated to accept such orders. If the answer to that first question is that an obligation does exist the next question to arise is what kind of consequences to expect when either party fails to meet that obligation. Of great importance is whether a contracting authority that hasn?t used an existing framework agreement is liable to pay damages to the contractor who according to the agreement had a right to deliver.

Bakgrund till studien ges dels i en genomgång av hur IT-stöd och systemutveckling inom vård och omsorg fungerar, dels framväxten av den Nationella IT-strategin och dess förankring inom kommun och landsting. E-recept är en prioriterad fråga i den Nationella IT-strategin. Dess framgångsrika genomförande på alla nivåer och att användandet av e-recept är världsledande i internationell statistik gör att systemet blir intressant att analysera.Syftet med studien var att skapa förståelse för de faktorer ur ett användarperspektiv som lett fram till detta framgångsrika systeminförande. Vi har valt att skapa en teoretisk ram, genom att kombinera FITT-modellen ?Fit between Individuals Task and Technology? och användbarhetskriterier, för att tydliggöra de faktorer som är centrala i införandet.

Traffic accidents where wild animals are involved represents between 60 and 80 percent of all reported accidents, depending on location in Sweden. In a country like Sweden, with a lot of forest, there is always risk of a collision with a wild animal. Imagine if you, as a road user, had the possibility to receive warnings when the risk of an accident according to statistics is extra high.Wildlife Detection Network is a wildlife warning system with an information service, which makes the whole concept unique. When an animal is approaching the road, it is registered by sensors, and warning lights along the road are lit to inform drivers of the potential danger. In conclusion, this is a direct warning to all drivers on the road where the system is placed.When an animal is registered by the sensors, information containing time, date, weather circumstances and coordinates are sent to a database.

The aim of this master?s thesis is to explore concert institutions? informative texts prior to upcoming concerts ? texts in promotional materials and descriptive texts in programme papers. The thesis is carried out from a critical discourse analytical perspective. The discourse analysis is focusing on finding the texts? messages and it asks the question: To whom are these texts addressed? Theoretical support is mainly taken from Foucault?s theory about the relation between power and knowledge.

Denna uppsats grundar sig på en kvalitativ ansats och beskriver en studie som behandlat beslutsfattande gällande IT i en organisation. Beslutsfattandet när det gäller IT påverkas av omgivning, teknologi samt uppfattningar om organisationens mål och metoder för att uppnå målen. Att uppnå målen är ingen trivial uppgift och är kantat av många problem. ITstyrning ses om en lösning på dessa problem med beslutsfattande om IT där den ska styras för att överensstämma med organisationens strategiska mål och avgöra vem som ska fatta dessa beslut. Syftet med studien var att beskriva beslutsfattandet och beslutsprocessen om IT i en organisation och våra centrala frågeställningar var hur fattar organisationen beslut om IT? och hur är beslutsfattandet om IT delegerat i organisationen? För att besvara dessa frågor utfördes en initial litteraturstudie där vi granskade teorier om organisationen och beslutsfattande i denna samt IT-styrning.

Purpose: The objective of this study is to illustrate how participants in leaderless based projects communicate with each other. Several studies have focused on technology-supported projects, such as open source projects, with an established project manager and goal. There is a lack, to the best of our knowledge, in studies that deal with the communication pattern in a leaderless computer supported collaborative project.Method: We have chosen to use a quantitative method where we systematically group several messages according to their content. This method was used in a similar study to illustrate the communication between participants involved in an open source project. We have taken the same Kripendorff based method and adapted it to our study by adding more descriptive variables.Theoretical perspectives: Manuel Castell discusses the aspects of a new communication power that is rooted in the individual as part of a larger creative audience.

In today?s society it is not uncommon for people to move across borders. We are more likely to work and study in other countries, initiate cross-border relationships, acquire property in other states and change our residence. Therefore it is not uncommon for a per-son to leave inheritance in several states. The laws of succession differ between countries which creates an uncertainty among the devisors when planning their successions.

This thesis provides a comparison of the old Planning and Building act (PBA) from 1987 with the new PBA, which entered into force in May 2011. The essay consists of a descriptive part that presents the regulation of both laws. The new PBA consists of several differences compared to previous regulation. This thesis will, however, primarily be centred around the regulation regarding building permit appeals and the possibility of building permit, to gain legal force.In the old PBL, there were no regulations that result in a building permit decision could be made effective. Instead, a building permit could, long after the decision had been made, be over-challenged.

Rapporten är en sammanställning av gruppens samlade erfarenheter och lärdomar av ett projekt vars syfte var att utveckla ett verktyg som ska visualisera svarstider mellan mobila klienter och datacenter. Genom att använda kontinuerlig prototypning har gruppen kunnat arbeta på ett användarna sätt för att uppfylla kundens verkliga behov. För att uppnå detta användes utvecklingsmetodiken Kanban. Under projektets gång anpassades metodiken för att bättra passa in i arbetet.Projektets användartester har lett till sammanfattande erfarenheter om visualisering av data. Visualiseringar som projektgruppen ansetts tydliga uppfattades inte alltid på samma sätt av användarna.

Objective: The study will identify where conflicts between SMEs and the Annual ReportsAct exists to find out if there is a need for adaptation of Swedish accounting to achieveinternational comparability.Method: A descriptive method was used to make the regulations in IFRS for SMEs and ÅRLequivalent and to observe the differences between the regulations a comparative method wasused. After this the conflicts could be sorted out with the help of the former so called ?IASinvestigation?.The conflicts and differences then were categorized into the approach theyrelated to, withFrame of reference: The frame for the study is recognition and valuation for collecting andanalysing the data. The approaches are presented for the balance sheet and income statementapproaches as they form the basis for analysis. Annual Reports Act, the EG-directives and theK3-projects are described as they have a central role in the background to the study andfurther understanding of the data.

ABSTRACTParental support is needed because it promotes a positive development in children, because parents ask for it and because it has positive effects on the public economy. Those responsible in Sweden for Child health care have shown an increased interest in supporting parenthood.Aim: The overall purpose of this study was to investigate what kind of support parents today desire from child health care. An additional purpose was to investigate if they feel their needs and wishes are met.Method: The study has a descriptive and qualitative design. The selection was eight parents of children under eighteen months of age: four mothers and four fathers. None of the participants were couples.

Det finns många studier som visar att elevers konsumtion av frukt och grönsaker inte når de av Svenska Livsmedelsverket rekommenderade 500 gram/ dag.?Studier visar att inte heller elever i övriga delar av världen kommer upp i denna rekommendation trots att den rekommendationen WHO har är 400 gram som många länder säger sig använda. Man tror att ett lågt intag av frukt och grönt kan påverka en ökad risk för övervikt och fetma.Det pågår flera olika projekt i världen , många av dessa projekt har som mål att öka konsumtion av frukt och grönt. Skolan har en unik möjlighet att påverka barn och ungdomars framtida kostintag. Sverige har gratis skollunch och många kommuner har även gratis frukt till eleverna ofta främst åk 1-5.Meningen med denna studie var att ta reda på om barn och ungdomar förändrar sitt intag av frukt och grönt under högstadietiden.