Syfte: Syftet med denna studie var att studera huruvida algen Ascophyllum Nodosum (AN) utövar någon effekt på proteasaktivitet i oralt plack, samt om effekten finns i algen från början eller om man måste inta den oralt för att få en systemisk effekt. En förhöjd proteasaktivitet har förknippats med gingivit och parodontit. Vi förväntar oss en minskad proteasaktivitet hos försökspersonerna, och därmed en minskad risk för gingivit och parodontit, efter intag av AN under en månads tid. Material och metod: Ett in vitro med en pilotstudie, och ett in vivo försök utfördes. I in vitro försöket användes pulveriserat och upplöst Ascophyllum Nodosum. I in vitro studien deltog 5 personer i åldersgruppen 20 till 30 år.

The aim of this study was to describe non-surgical treatment options for the diseases mucositis and peri-implantitis found in present literature. The literature review also illustrates the effect of the treatment opptions on soft tissue with mucositis and peri-implantitis surrounding dental implants. The study reviews twelve scientific articles that have been processed from the aim of the study. The result shows six therapy options, Er:YAG laser, air abrasive, ultrasonic device, hand instruments, hand instruments in combination with antibiotics and hand instruments in combination with clorhexidin. The following methods are described according to how they are used and how they affect the soft tissue surrounding dental implants.

Lack of political interest and will to deal with human rights violations carried out under the civil- military dictatorship, has characterized the transition and post-transition in Uruguay. The systematic use of torture, arbitrary imprisonments and forced disappearances in the relatively small country created a culture of fear that has been present through out the post-transition phase. Human rights groups have been central actors in the fight for truth and justice and against impunity. This study analyzes how these groups multiple democracy-building functions have contributed to democratic development. It also analyses how the democracy-building functions have been constrained by the political context.

Aim: The aim of this study was to examine and explain the various methods available to rate the erosion damage, and on which teeth and tooth surfaces of erosion damage mostly occurs in children and adolescents.Method: A literature review was conducted, based on 15 scientific articles that have been reviewed, evaluated and analyzed. Articles were searched for in the database PubMed.Result: Six of the articles used the TWI (tooth wear index), which is an index to diagnose the tooth wear in the primary and permanent dentition. Eight articles used other indices as they considered that the TWI was not sufficiently developed to register the degree of tooth wear on some teeth. Tooth wear in the primary dentition occurs most often in the canines and incisors. Tooth wear in the permanent dentition was found in the literature to be mostly occurring on the occlusal / incisal surfaces of all teeth and tooth surfaces.LyssnaConclusion: There is no common index in the articles but many of them use the TWI.

Munhälsan är en viktig del av allmänhälsan som kan påverka livskvaliteten. Plack har betydelse för munhälsan och kan vara en bidragande faktor till utveckling av parodontala sjukdomar och karies. Syftet med litteraturstudien var att jämföra den plackavlägsnande effekten med användning av manuell och elektrisk tandborste.Studien utfördes som en allmän litteraturstudie och materialet samlades in genom sökning av vetenskapliga artiklar i databasen Pub Med. Sökorden var ?dental plaque?, ?plaque?, ?dental biofilm?, ?electric toothbrush?, ?power toothbrush? och ?manual toothbrush?.Resultatet baserades på en sammanställning av 15 vetenskapliga artiklar.

Tandhygienistyrket är ett relativt nytt yrke. I Sverige har yrket funnits i cirka 40 år och har under denna tid genomgått stora förändringar. Tandhygienister behandlade från början enbart patienter som remitterades av tandläkare. Dessa faktorer kan ha bidragit till att personer som besöker tandvården idag inte alltid känner till vad en tandhygienist gör.Syftet med studien var att undersöka om personer som besöker en folktandvårdsklinik vet vad en tandhygienist gör.En studie med empirisk och kvantitativ design genomfördes med användning av enkäter, bestående av 22 frågor med fasta svarsalternativ. Sammanlagt besvarades 150 väntrumsenkäter av personer som besökte tre folktandvårdskliniker i Landstinget Blekinge.

Women today feel that their urban surroundings are unsafe, and because of that they use different strategies to reduce the risk of being exposed to criminal acts towards them. The focus of this study is to develop an understanding of the insecure feeling that women feel and what that feeling might originate from. By using previous research and theories we have been able to incorporate a gender perspective on the study this because the gender role is central to understand women?s feelings of insecurity. The purpose of the study was to develop a deeper understanding of women?s sense of safety and insecurity.The central questions of the study are1.

Background: The oral health is a problem for many people with psychical disabilities. The reason for that is among other things that the psychical disabilities could do it hard to handle fundamental routines in the everyday life. Aim: The aim of the literature review was to describe how the nursing staff experienced their situation about their work with oral health in persons with psychical disabilities. Method: The study has been done as an overview and the data has been analysed with content analysis. Result: Two head categories were identified; barrier that influence the ability to perform the work with oral health and barrier that influence the performance of the work with oral health.

Aim: The aim of this present study was to assess the dental caries prevalence in children and adolescents aged 3-19 in the Nordic countries, and to examine if the caries prevalence is affected by socioeconomic and cultural differences.Method: The study is a literature review based on 20 scientific medical reports based on the aim of this study.Result: Decayed missed filled surfaces (dmfs) of the 3-year-olds varies from 0.3 to 0.99 and from 0.9 to 7.3 in 5-year-old children. The Nordic 12-year-olds have similar numerical values. In Nordic 14-year-olds caries prevalence increases. In the late teens there is a reduction in caries prevalence. Children at Greenland have five times more teeth decayed than other Danish children.

In this text I will work on three situations from my daily work as a pedagogue at preschool. The situations are about how pedagogues at preschool relate to children in difficult situations, e.g. when they pee in their pants or long for their pacifier. Those are situations which occur frequently at preschool, but they are still rarely coming up for discussions. The problem in the situations is difficult to describe which makes the essay a suitable form for me to explore and discuss it.

Syftet med studien var att undersöka den erosiva potentialen av vanligt förekommande kolsyrade vatten med eller utan smaksättning. Studien genomfördes som en laboratoriestudie vid Institutionen för Odontologi vid Göteborgs universitet. Totalt omfattades studien av 34 buteljerade kolsyrade vatten med eller utan smak, tre kolsyrade vatten producerade i kolsyreapparat samt sex referensdrycker. Samtliga produkter testades genom registrering av initialt pH med pH-elektrod och buffring med 0,1 M NaOH till det värde då pH neutraliserats. Dryckens surhetsgrad beräknades därefter vilket anses som ett mått på dess erosiva potential.

Background: Earlier research describes patients with blood-bourne pathogens experiences from the healthcare system. Aim: The aim of this study was to describe how registered nurses experience taking care of patients with blood-bourne pathogens. Method: This study had a descriptive design with a qualitative method. Eight interviews where performed and analyzed with manifest content analyze. Three categories ?Comfort in their profession?, ?Support from the organization?and ?Fear of being contaminated?, and five subcategories ?Support from hygiene guidelines?, ? Thoughtfulness?, ?The own responsibility?, ?Feelings of fear and concern?and ?To meet preconceptions?, emerged.

Syfte: Litteraturstudien hade två syften. Det första syftet var att undersöka hur vanligt det är att tandvårdsrädsla är en orsak till att vuxna inte går till tandvården och det andra om oregelbundna tandvårdsbesökare är mer tandvårdsrädda. Material och metod: En systematisk litteratursökning utfördes i databasen PubMed. Inklusionskriterierna var att studierna ska ha utförts på personer > 15 år och artiklar vara skrivna på engelska. Exklusionskriteriet var reviewartiklar.

The Egyptian religion viewed the whole world as divine and inhabited by both gods and men. Concepts such as death was therefore explained through myths. The ancient society feared death but desired an eternal life. The Egyptians saw death as a physical dismemberment of the body as had happened in the myth of Osiris when death was first introduced to the world. Osiris functioned as a prototype for all men as he had overcome death by finding a new existence in the netherworld.

Vår kropp är utrustad med alarmsystem som hindrar människan från skada, rädslan får oss uppmärksammad på faran och agerar därefter. Poliser befinner sig många gånger i utsatta situationer som kan bidra till känslomässigt svåra upplevelser, samtidigt uppfattas poliser som starka och många gånger odödliga. Forskning visar att det finns lite utrymme och acceptans till känsloyttringar inom den polisiära kulturen. Åtta poliser varav tre kvinnor intervjuades med fokus på deras upplevelse och hantering av rädsla i arbetet. Data som analyserades utifrån meningskoncentrering, visade att rädsla uppstår hos poliser i deras arbete, men att rädsla inte alltid uttalas.