Background: Chemotherapy and radiation resistance are major causes of failure in cancer treatment. The response to treatment in cancer cells depends on several mechanisms and pathways such as Janus kinases-signal transducers and activators of transcription JAK/STAT pathway. STAT1 was the first described transcription factor in the STAT family. STAT1 is activated by stimulation of signaling proteins such as type II interferon (IFN- ?) and the activated STAT1 translocates from cytoplasm to nucleus.

Neurography is the most objective and reliable measure of the peripheral nerve function, and it is used to diagnose both local and generalized neuropathies. Neurography can measure both motor and sensory nerve functions. The principle for sensory neurgraphy is to stimulate over the nerve and record proximal or distal from the stimulated electrode.At the Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, University Hospital Uppsala, a problem has been identified, in that young adult patients tend to show unexpected abnormal neurography values in relation to the expected, indicated by the reference limits, without clinical correlates. This concerns foremost the sensory amplitudes in median and ulnar nerves. The hypothesis is that the requirement of young adults? amplitudes is too high.

The role of the quality manager has evolved from being a quality controller to work with a more global business. Within many organizations in Sweden, however, the traditional role of the quality manager's remains and the tasks categorized as quality control still takes up most of the quality manager's time. The survey conducted as part of this master thesis shows that the quality manager in most businesses has multiple roles in addition to the role of quality manager, which can create a role conflict. One consequence of this is that each improvement is not given priority due to time constraints. Although the importance of a clear and committed leadership is the key for succeeding as the quality manager.

The purpose of this investigation is to examine the extent to which Swedish compulsory school tends to rely upon, and to further reinforce, ideologies that from a theoretical platform of deep ecology can be identified as ?ecologically unsustainable conceptions of reality?. Mainly, this will purport to an examination of the (explicit as well as implicit) prevalence of anthropocenthrism, individualism, ethnocenthrism and rationalism in a) the Swedish National Curriculum; and in b) biology text books. Methodologically, the study makes use of Fairclough´s approach to, and method for, critical discourse analysis (CDA). The main results are that the National Curriculum indeed expresses a high level of individualism, as well as (although to a lesser extent) traces of rationalism and ethnocenthrism.

5-hydroxytryptamin (5-HT) is biochemically derived from Tryptophan. Kynurenic acid and quinolinic acid are also known metabolites of tryptophan. 5-HT is considered to play a role in depression and today selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are used for treatment of depression. 5-HT may also play a role in pain perception. The aim of this study was to investigate whether a supplement of tryptophan may affect conditions such as depression and/or pain.

In this report the situation for cyclists on 2+1-roads is analysed and studied. Theseroads are often the old 13-meter roads that have been changed into 2+1 to increasethe security. Two road sections outside Motala in Sweden has been deep studiedand analysed. The different parts in the planning process show how the progressgoes. To begin with the change should be within the old 13 meters but after thepilot study was circulated for comments the result became a broadening to 13,75and 14,00 meters.

Syftet med f?religgande studie var att unders?ka hur vuxna personer utan hj?rnskada skattade sin kommunikationsf?rm?ga med hj?lp av La Trobe Communication Questionnaire (LCQ) och j?mf?ra samst?mmigheten med deras n?rst?endes skattning. Studien unders?kte ocks? eventuellt samband mellan sj?lvskattning p? LCQ och utbildningsl?ngd, ?lder samt k?n. B?de tidigare insamlade och nya data analyserades i denna studie.

A design methodology to mitigate timing problems due to long wire delays is proposed. The timing problems are taking care of at architecture level instead of layout level in this design method so that no change is needed when the whole design goes to backend design. Hence design iterations are avoided by using this design methodology. The proposed design method is based on STARI architecture, and a novel initialization mechanism is proposed in this paper. Low frequency global clock is used to synchronize the communication and PLLs are used to provide high frequency working clocks.

The purpose of my study is to question the model service marketing triangle and propose an alternative ways of looking at service marketing. The study is based on a deep, qualitative research. In the research of the material an abductive approach has been used. The primary information sources are interviews with project workers, which are being analyzed together with the theoretical background in part argumentations in the course of the thesis. In the last chapter they are unified.

Bygget av en industrizon utanför Dawei i sydöstra Burma riskerar att fördrivatiotusentals människor från deras hem. Det här reportaget skildrar situationen för de fiskare och småbrukare som bor i vägen för Dawei Deep Sea Port and Industrial Estate Development Project, som projektet heter. Det är en berättelse om människor som fått sin mark konfiskerad och sina odlingar skövlade, utan kompensation och utan möjligheter att hävda sin rätt. Deras öden ärtypexempel på hur lättvindigt den enskilda människans rättigheter kränks till förmån för starka stats- och affärsintressen.När Burma nu öppnar sig mot omvärlden och västvärlden släppt på sina sanktioner mot landet flockas utländska investerare och företag kring dess relativt outnyttjade marknader. Detta leder till en kraftigt ökad efterfrågan på mark.

Vectors based on lentivirus backbones have revolutionized our ability to transfer genesinto many cell types. Lentiviral vectors integrate into the chromatin of target cells and do not transfer any viral genes causing vector replication. Both of these features arecommonly used in gene therapy and have been used clinically in individuals sufferingfrom cancer, infections and genetic diseases. It has been discovered that T-cells can be genetically modified to be used as effective weapons against cancer: therefore virus mustbe produced to deliver the gene of interest into the T-cells. In this project, lentiviralvectors have been produced to transfer the gene coding for a chimeric antigen receptor(CAR) which is directed to CD19 on B-cells.

This is a paper about the effects from smoldering fire on lithic objects from an archaeological view. The introduction gives the background to this paper, a short orientation to forest wildfires and why the work is limited to: flint, quartz, quartzite and slate. Material and methods describes the stone materials and the setup that was used in the temperature logged tests with three replications for each type of material. The fuel in the burnings was peat on a bottom of sand. Flint showed a more drastic effect from heat compared with the other materials. Slate seems to have greater tendencies to change to darker colour and luster at lower temperatures than the other materials.

Every year the Swedish government invests capital in different projects. In recent years the Swedish government has chosen to invest in design. The reason for this is that the government wants industry to use design as a competitive source. Two organizations, Svensk Form and Stiftelsen Svensk Indistridesign, have been assigned to improve industry and society?s under¬standing of design.

Background: Every year, patients die while waiting for an organ due to the shortage of donors. When a patient is declared brain dead, the question of possible organ donation arises. In some cases, the patient is registered in the donor registry, but sometimes their stance on donation is unknown. The next of kin then become involved in the decision and are asked both what the patient would have wanted and how they themselves feel about donating their deceased family member?s organs. Aim: The aim of this literature review was to describe relatives' experiences of the decision-making process regarding organ donation after death.

The work aims to problemize and increase the understanding for the new labour market's flexible organising. By using Elias and Scotson's theory, the new organisational form of hiring doctors in healthcare will exemplify the developments taking place with many temporary jobs and how it affects the intrinsic structure of a work to be studied. The essay will focus on examining how the interaction affected between established nurses and new temporary doctors given the new form. How the interaction of the recently established group possesses a higher social-, economic- and cultural capital than the already established working group? The method is a qualitative study with three long and deep semi-structured interviews.