During the last years, producers and consumers have become increasingly aware of food safety. Foodborne illness and foodborne injury are in best case unpleasant but they can also be fatal. HACCP (Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point) is a preventative food safety system which is aimed to guarantee production of safe food free from pathogens, foreign materials and substances with potential to cause adverse health effect. In order to succeed in developing, installing, monitoring and verifying a HACCP system, there is a mix of hurdles for the company to overcome. While larger food companies meet a difficult challenge, small and medium size enterprises often feel that the hurdles are almost impossible to manage.

Sammanfattning Vårt syfte med denna studie var att undersöka vilka fördelar och nackdelar lärarna ansåg att det fanns med metoden att skriva sig till läsning (ASL) med datorn som skrivverktyg. Vi ville också studera vilka elever som gynnas/missgynnas av metoden samt om lärarna kunde se några skillnader på elevernas texter vad gäller innehåll och kvalitet. Våra frågeställningar var: 1. Ser lärarna några skillnader i texternas innehåll och kvalitet när eleverna skriver på datorn istället för på traditionellt sätt med papper och penna och på vilket sätt? 2.

This essay will investigate how the History subject has changed and developped in Sweden. For those who study the way subjects and the school itself change over time it becomes quite clear that they have gone through an enormous change. However this essay will focus on how the History subject, and mainly the teaching of the Antique, in particular, has changed. In order to find out how it has changed several things will be taken into account. First of all there will be interviews and conversaisions with several teacher and try to find out how it has changed, according to their experiences and belives.

Though still well used in Swedish schools, textbooks are no longer under any governmental control or inspection. It is now responsibilities of the teacher, thus, knowledge is considered crucial. Therefore, the aim of this study was firstly to investigate if and how four biology/natural science textbooks, produced 1957-2008 for primary school years (3) 4-6, expressed any sex, gender and/or sexuality norms. Moreover, due to thoughts of queer theoretic Judith Butler, the study also investigated if and how these three norms interacted. By examining what the textbooks mediated, the purpose was finally to find out if and how the norms differed or not.

Med mitt examensarbete vill jag förklara vad FMT-metoden är. Jag berättar kort musikterapins historia och jag ger också en förklaring på metoden. Förklarar kort Rett syndrom och autism. Jag beskriver vidare mitt praktikarbete där jag valt att undersöka vad det är i metoden som gör att det känns meningsfullt för adepten. Trots att jag inte kunnat se några större förändringar efter 15 gånger har adepterna ändå tyckt det varit roligt att komma till sessionerna.

There are several typical ideas about the suburb. The suburb is often associated with criminality and other social problems such as segregation. The purpose of this essay is to study the picture of how the suburb is constructed in a media context. The method used to answer the purpose of this study is critical discourse analysis, based on the thoughts of Norman Fairclough. The central theoretical ideas for this study are representation, stereotypes and racialization.

Med detta examensarbete vill jag redogöra för hur Funktionsinriktad MusikTerapi kom till, och vad dess metod (den s.k. FMT-metoden) går ut på. Med två fallbeskrivningar vill jag redovisa hur jag arbetat med metoden med två personer. Utifrån de två fallbeskrivningarna ska jag försöka svara på om, och hur FMT kan skapa förutsättningar för utveckling av stabilitet. Min slutsats är att jag, med hjälp av olika sätt att ställa upp instrument, användning av attribut och sätt att utforma en session, kunnat stärka och utveckla de två personernas stabilitet..

This text aims to examine how teaching in literature can contribute to the schools work with creating an antidiscriminating environment. When it comes to the Swedish schools antidiscrimination plans, this essay focuses especially on those sections that concerns pupils and student right to their own gender identity and expression.The main theories in this examination are Judith Butler?s theory on gender and performativity, queer theory defined by Fanny Ambjörnsson and theories concerning adolescent psychology with focus on the adolescent identity and it?s forming. Together with Mikhail Bakhtin?s carnival theory the text examines how Jessica Schiefauer?s novel Pojkarna (The Boys; 2012) describes a young adolescent girl?s journey to finding and forming her own gender and sexual identity.

The urgency of sustanible development is world-over issue. This essay focuses on the relations of enviromental ethics in the context of the Swedish upper secondary school and the subject of geography, by analysing different educational texts.The purpose of this essay is to reveal and identify discourses of enviromental ethics in curriculum documents; Lgr 11 and the plan- and the coursedocuments for the subject of geography, in educational publisher?s textbooks and in sponsored texts related to the subject of geography and finally to discuss potential consequences this might implicate for education. For this have the methodology of Norman Fairclough´s critical discourse theory, CDA, as well as a matrix of environmental ethics, based upon Mikael Stenmarks classifications of enviromental ethics, been used.In the Cirriculum, Lgr 11 and documents for the subject of Geography, and in the educational textbooks from ?Liber? and ?Gleerups?, are the environmental ethics of intergenerational anthropocentrism the dominant.

Jag beskriver i detta examensarbete FMT (Funktionsinriktad MusikTerapi) utifrån följande aspekter: historisk bakgrund, teoretisk grund och praktisk tillämpning. Mitt syfte har varit att undersöka om, och i sådant fall hur, man i FMT kan stimulera en individ att utveckla sin förmåga att samverka. Det har jag gjort utifrån följande frågeställning: Hur kan FMT-metoden användas för att påverka förmågan att samverka? Undersökningen bygger på fallbeskrivningar av två individer med Down syndrom, med vilka jag arbetat under min praktik. Den utgår därtill från dels fakta kring FMT-metoden, dels kunskap förmedlad via ett finskt projekt om hur samspel kan främjas hos individer med svår utvecklingsstörning.

The study´s purpose is to investigate the underlying norms of how the concepts of language development and learning, used in the preschool curriculum. Knowledge of the concepts underlying norms can help to make visible what approach preschool teacher is expected to have to children's language, in relation to development and learning. The results of the study may in turn provide a picture of societal norms on children in preschool and a deeper understanding of the importance of preschool to review and analyze the content of the curriculum, then it is not a foregone conclusion.Theoretical basis is curriculum theory, which involves studying curricula in order to create a knowledge of a society and its cultural, social and economic demands. Norman Faircloughs critical discourse analysis is used as a method, in order to achieve the study´s intention and answer the questions at issues in the study. The critical discourse analysis considers that the discourse is creating the social world through language.The results of the study show that there is a language in the curriculum as normatively may influence preschool teacher.

The aim of this thesis has been to examine how the risk for the swine flu was represented in the Swedish Radio news broadcast Ekot 16.45 during different phases of the pandemic in 2009. We wanted to study how the risk was described in different discourses and periods? Were the participants in the reporting calming or warning the listeners in relations to different aspects of the swine flu? What consequences for the community were reported in the broadcasting?To find the answers to our questions, we analysed 13 features about the swine flu broadcasted in Ekot?s main news broadcast Ekot 16.45. We used critical discourse analysis inspired by Norman Fairclough.We identified four types of discourses in our text, a journalistic discourse, a medical discourse, a nationalistic discourse and an authority discourse. The main discourse was the medical one.

Studiens syfte var att studera vad coachingmetoden innebär för personalen på Arbete-och Integration Centrum (AIC).Det som jag ville undersöka var på vilket sätt menar intervjupersonerna att metoden kan hjälpa långtidsarbetslösa till arbete. Den kvalitativa metoden användes och det empiriska materialet inhämtades genom intervjuer.I min studie deltog fem intervjupersoner: två deltagare, två coachingledare och en socionom. Studien visar att metoden kan hjälpa individerna till förändring och skapa motivation som kan leda till arbete eller vidare utbildning som i slut har samma syfte det vill säga arbete. Coachingen har resulterat i en ökad självkännedom vilken inneburit att deltagarna blivit tydligare i hur de vill ha det. Det framkommer att effekterna av en coaching kan innebära att man får bättre insikt i realiteter och skapar på så sätt ett bättre beslutsunderlag utifrån nya infallsvinklar.Uppsatsen visar att coachingmetoden kan användas i samband med arbetslöshet.

Motivation är en kraft som driver oss framåt mot ett mål. För att komma fram till målet, krävs det energi, ofta i form av rörelse, som leder till handling. Personer med funktionsnedsättning i någon form, kan ha svårighet att hitta den rätta energin. Med stöd av Funktionsinriktad Musikterapi ? FMT, finns möjlighet att locka fram spontana handlingar som leder till ökad helhetsutveckling hos individen.Under min utbildning till FMT-terapeut vid Musikhögskolan Ingesund i Arvika, som tillhör Karlstads universitet, har jag haft praktik med två barn med diagnosen autism och intellektuell funktionsnedsättning.

This is an analysis of how the Swedish newspapers Dagens Nyheter and Aftonbladet and the English newspapers The Independent and The Guardian reported about the sexual molestation and rape charges that were alleged against the Wikileaks founder Julian Assange in August 2010. Through a critical discourse analysis, a theme- and proposition analysis and a process analysis this paper aims to investigate how the above mentioned newspapers create reality in their articles. The purpose is to shed light upon with what means the journalists through the inherited structures of the newspaper illustrate actions and events, how they let other people get visible in the text and who is described as responsible for current events.    The results of the analysis shows that Aftonbladet uses a relatively large amount of propositions and speech cues to create an image of the reality that is almost explicitly angled. Dagens Nyheter and The Independent claims a higher degree of objectivity and through micro themes with different perspectives and few explicit statements they create a reality with plenty of room for the reader to make her own conclusions. The Guardian creates an image of the world where the Wikileaks is a great force of democracy and where actions are performed by humans as well as by objects and organizations.   .