The effects of social media usage in a professional context, specifically the effects on social media usage in relation to leadership have been studied in order to determine weather or not usage can be productive for leadership in general. The study concludes that there are several benefits as well as drawbacks to leadership in using social media, but has yet to conclude weather productive or not. This study gives an overview of a relatively unexplored subject.Leadership in terms of leader, communication and group dynamics have been defined and explained in accordance with existing literature. A  brief review of computer and Internet history attempts to explain the formation and evolution of social media. Risks in terms of risks related to leadership and risks related to IT-security are taken into consideration and have been briefly explained.

Syftet med denna studie har varit att undersöka hur apotek externt kommunicerar om Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) ut mot kund och huruvida det är en strategisk fråga för apoteken. För att studera detta har tre stora aktörer på den svenska apoteksmarknaden valts ut. En kvalitativ undersökning har genomförts med representanter från respektive apotekskedja för att komplettera material till studien bestående av sekundärdata. Studien har visat på att det har betydelse om apoteket i fråga är statligt ägt eller inte för hur de arbetar med att kommunicera CSR. Medan alla företag arbetar med att kommunicera CSR visar dock resultaten på vissa skillnader dem emellan.

In 1974 the three municipalities of Åsele, Dorotea and Fredrika were amalgamated despite of hunger strikes, mass protests and a serious threat of violence. But after six years the marriage shattered as Dorotea left the other two after years of continued struggle. In 2005 the idea of an amalgamation of Åsele, Dorotea and Vilhelmina municipalities was brought to life by an older and ever declining population.By creating a democratic ideal type consisting of the three variables ? legitimacy, participation and identity ? this study assesses what impact an amalgamation of the three municipalities might have on local democracy.Combining a qualitative and a quantitative approach this study concludes that amalgamating the municipalities today could create a democratic unit lacking legitimacy, having a weak identity and impeding participation. But the study also brings forth that the impact of an amalgamation upon the variables of the ideal type as defined is not written in stone.

Syfte: Syftet med denna studie är att skapa ökad förståelse för medias roll i förmedlingen av begreppet CSR, corporate social responsibility. Med media menas i studien svensk papperstidning.Metod: Diskursanalys kring CSR i svensk tryckpress, inspirerad av Michael Foucault och Norman Fairclough, applicerad på nyhetsartiklar. I studien används ordet diskurs som en förklaring till att nyhetstexter påverkar den sociala verkligheten. CSR innebär företags sociala ansvar, kring frågor om bland annat miljö, som går utöver vad lagen kräver.Slutsatser: Analysresultatet visar att CSR i nästintill samtliga artiklar benämns synonymt med samhällsansvar, som alltså varit det mest dominerande området som behandlats i de artiklar som har analyserats. Det framkommer även att det finns skillnader i artiklarnas intertextualitet, beroende på vilken tidning de tillhör.

The concept of sustainable development is a challenge that demands cooperation from all levels of society for it to be successful. The focus for this thesis is how politicians within the local councils understand the concept of sustainable development and how they implement it in political decision-making.The basis for the study is a questionnaire that was distributed to 303 local politicians in three municipalities of varying size in Southern Sweden. The study concentrates on departments within the local councils that are directly connected to the Swedish environmental law and the Swedish planning and construction law. One of the primary goals with the aforementioned laws is the achievement of sustainable development within one generation.The outcome of the study was that over half of the local politicians could correctly define sustainable development according to the World Commission on Environment and Development?s (WCED) definition.

This Bachelor?s thesis is about bossless organizations. We have observed that the hierarchical structure that the majority of organizations is structured by today is a remnant of a time long gone, and can be an obstacle for independent thinking and responsibility inside organizations. We want to question the accepted perception that an organization is best structured in a hierarchic form.The purpose of the thesis is to provide an understanding of how a bossless organization works and to give a concrete explanation of the consequences of this kind of organizational structure.The thesis is of a qualitative nature and is designed with an inductive approach at an organizational level. We conducted a case study on a bossless company and supplemented this with secondary sources from three other bossless organizations.It concludes that the bossless approach can work and that there are a number of advantages to benefit from it.

Vi ämnar undersöka hur informationen om CSR i årsredovisningar har förändrats sedan 1995. Syftet är att se hur informationen har utvecklats över tid, vilka nyanser som har funnits samt vilka intressenters informationskrav som har tillgodosetts.Studien omfattar en innehållsanalys av årsredovisningar. Analysen har gjorts efter en checklista som bygger på indikatorer och principer från GRI. Årsredovisningar från fem svenska företag har granskats i ett tre års intervall mellan 1995 och 2007.Mängden CSR-information i årsredovisningar har ökat stadigt sedan 1995. Fram till 2001 redovisades i princip ingen information kring mänskliga rättigheter, företagets inverkan på samhället eller ekonomiska konsekvenser av CSR.

Syftet med denna uppsats är att studera ett tjänsteföretags implementering av CSR för att få en ökad förståelse om vilka faktorer som påverkar implementeringen av den. Vi har utgått från det interna företagsperspektivet för att på lämpligt sätt kunna besvara vår problemformulering. Vi har gjort en fallstudie med ett kvalitativt tillvägagångssätt med abduktiv ansats. Vi har utgått från traditionella modeller och teorier som Intressentmodellen, värden och värderingar, Carrolls CSR-pyramid samt belyst informations/kommunikationsbehovet. Vi berör även teorier som behandlar strategiska förändringsprocesser.

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) är det arbete som företag åtar sig utöver den lagliga skyldigheten och innefattar bland annat arbete med miljö och samhälle. Fenomenet har framförallt undersökts i större företag i och med deras stora inverkan på omgivningen. I små och medelstora företag (vidare kallat SMEs) är CSR-arbetet inte lika väl utforskat. Syftet med detta arbete är att utforska hur och varför SMEs i Sverige, med fokus på enmans- och mikroföretag i Uppsala, arbetar internt med CSR-relaterade aktiviteter. Genom intervjuer undersöker studien huruvida femton enmans- och mikroföretag i detaljhandeln arbetar med CSR inom kategorierna välgörenhet, samhället, miljön samt leverantörer.

Background: Acquisitions are a well-known method for increasing company size and strength on the market. But to reach the targets set, more than just a positive economic calculation is required. An atmosphere that supports the company's integration is needed, for which it is of great importance for management to understand the underlying sets of values that exist in the organisation, and to take into consideration the way they might become an obstacle or a tool for a successful integration. Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to explain and understand how cultural change occurs and how it affects the employee, as a smaller company is bought and integrated into a larger organisation. Procedure: The analysis is based on theories on organisational culture and organisational change.

Transport is an important aspect to take account in efforts to achieve sustainable tourism development. If we do not change our behavior regarding travel, the consequences will be significant for the environment. This study examines the various transport operators on the two Swedish ski resorts if their websites and marketing are different from each other in the mode selection. The destinations are Åre and Hemavan Tärnaby. They studied modes are two Swedish airlines, two train companies, three bus companies and three taxi companies.These corporate websites are studied with a content analysis in which the results of the keywords that have been developed are scored according to different categories.

The purpose of our essay is to find out if there are any strategies for profit transactions in a group. To realise our purpose we conducted two case studies with interviews. But we can not draw any general conclusions.To conduct the research we had to build a theory. In this theory we found motives to do profit transactions and how to do it. We also thought that there had to be some conflicts between the motives and the manager´s interests.In our analysis we found that financing the dividend was a strong reason to make profit transactions between companies in the group.

CSR is a far reaching concept and practice, whose popularity and diffusion has increased rapidly in recent years. Research indicates that CSR has made an evolutionary journey from primarily being characterized by reactiveness to develop into a risk minimizing and proactive competitive advantage and should be looked upon as an answer to heightened societal pressure and awareness. Based on a review regarding different relevant theoretical perspectives, this master thesis discusses CSR as a concept and practical matter in relation to various strategically chosen representatives of a selection of professions.Moreover, the data were collected through in-depth semi structured interviews. The findings show that CSR is a contemporary and highly context dependent phenomenon whose inherent multiplicity brings a distinct aspect of uncertainty to it, in terms of both meaning and practice. And in some parts there is a reluctance to communicate CSR due to a fear of missing out of important aspects.

This master?s thesis examines the possibility to heuristically optimise instruction cache performance in a Just-In-Time (JIT) compiler. Programs that do not fit inside the cache all at once may suffer from cache misses as a result of frequently executed code segments competing for the same cache lines. A new heuristic algorithm LHCPA was created to place frequently executed code segments to avoid cache conflicts between them, reducing the overall cache misses and reducing the performance bottlenecks. Set-associative caches are taken into consideration and not only direct mapped caches.

My essay is an examination of the poet Mina Loy and two poems that are essential in her authorship, these poems also represents a thematic entrance to Loys life and literary concepts. On the basis of Gunnar Harding preface and translation of selected poems from the collection Lunar Baedeker, I have chosen to look further at the poems Lunar Baedeker and Songs to Joanne, poems that accommodate contexts of an esthetical and linguistic complexion.Using terminology from the philosopher Gilles Deleuze as method for analysis, enabling an examination which proceeds from the concepts of nomadism, deterritorialization and line of flight. In the consideration of Loys modernistic and woman ?becoming, a situational and relational context is introduced which includes references to feminism, cosmopolitism, futurism, modernism, Dadaism as well as to acquaintances of Gertrude Stein, Djuna Barnes, F.T. Marinetti and Isadora Duncan.