Trafikverket ansvarar för det statliga vägnätet i Sverige. Vägnätet består av cirka15 500 broar som ständigt utsätts för olika former av nedbrytning. Broarnabehöver därför underhållas med jämna mellanrum både för att hålla broarna i ettbra skick och för att motverka att nedbrytningen påskyndas.Under de senare åren har Trafikverket utformat en ny upphandlingsmetod avbrounderhåll. Den går ut på att allt brounderhåll för en region paketeras, i ett s.k.brounderhållspaket, som en entreprenör sköter i en femårig period. Ibrounderhållspaketen ingår förebyggande underhåll, avhjälpande underhåll ochakut underhåll.Syftet med det här arbetet är att följa upp den nya formen att upphandlabrounderhåll i paket.

Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to study the adaptation of recently recruited young professionals to a top consulting firm through their identity construction efforts. We analyze the influence of a major organization-related discourse on young professionals in order to account for the effects of emotional labor on their adaptation to work. Methodology: We have studied our empirical material in the light of a reflexive pragmatic approach. Thus throughout the analysis of interview material, we try to interpret carefully the material from various perspectives. As authors, we also reflect critically upon our own interpretations.

Detta arbete syftar till att undersöka hur kontrakt kan utvinnas från programkod för att skapa dokumentation som andra programmerare kan använda för att förstå hur programkoden ska användas. Kontrakt i kod fungerar både som ett sätt att hitta fel och som dokumentation så om den försvinner, exempelvis vid kompilering, kan koden bli oanvändbar för andra.I arbetet görs en implementation vilket resulterar i ett program som kan hitta kontrakt i C++-kod och skapa XML-utdata med information om kontrakten. Programmet kan skapa mer avancerad dokumentationen genom förståelse för hur kontrakt fungerar i samband med arv. En utvärdering genom experiment av programmet visar att det har potential att bli ett användbart verktyg som underlättar återanvändning och dokumentering av programkod, men den nuvarande implementationen kan bara hantera en lite del av C++ och är därför inte praktiskt användbar..

Various problems with nail disorders have been noticed in the Swedish population of Giant Schnauzer, but the frequencies of these problems are unknown. This could be due to the fact that bad nail quality has several differential diagnoses and lack of diagnostic criteria and diagnostic codes for nail disorders. The main purpose of this study is to review different types of claw defects and diseases of the nail bed in dogs, and to classify and evaluate the proportions in the Swedish Giant Schnauzer population. The nail is a specialized part of the skin. The quick will strengthen and protect the third phalang against the surrounding.

Vattenfall hedge its future electricity production in order to decrease fluctuations in theresult. Hedging can in a simplified way be described as selling the future electricity deliveriesin long-term contracts so that the future price of the delivery becomes fixed. The contractsused are electricity forwards traded at the Nordic electricity market Nord Pool. Animbalance between buyers and sellers can lead to a situation where the forward price notequals the expected spot price. The difference between the forward price and the expectedspot price is referred to as the market risk premium.

Placed within the field of recent research concerning religion and contemporary religious landscapes, this thesis aims to show conceptions of human life and body displayed in ten Swedish health magazines. The analysis aims to demonstrate the appearance of body and bodily experience and in addition see in what way ?westernized? religious traditions and methods from east Asia may contribute to perspectives of health. The main theories for the study are objectified versus phenomenological understanding of the human body by Drew Leder (1992; 1990) and Kristen Zeiler (2010). The quote in the main title is from the empirical material (Hälsa & Fitness, 2014 (11), cover).

The Swedish population is getting older and more elderly will continue to be in need ofsupport from the community to meet their everyday lives. As the population gets olderdementia also increases the spread in the country. Because of this more people withdementia will be in need of help in their everyday lives. This will increase the demandson elderly care in the municipalities where they have to offer good care. As moreindividuals suffering from dementia will be in need of help in their daily lives aid officers'encounters with people suffering from dementia and their relatives or any representativesbecome more common.The study had as objective to study aid officer's reasoning on the treatment of dementedindividuals in need of help.

This study takes its starting point in ongoing changes and differences in the global power dynamics. The liberal rules-based world order that has been acknowledged for governing the world with the US as the hegemon of power has been strongly challenged during the last decades. Russia?s invasion of Ukraine can be seen as an example of ongoing changes in the world order, with Russia as a challenger to the US as the hegemon of power. The changes and instability that this has led to for Sweden's national security situation can be seen as a concrete example of how ongoing changes in the world order affect Sweden?s foreign policy.

The purpose of this thesis is to clarify the grounds upon which an arbitration clause may be binding in the new relationship between the parties after a transfer of rights and/or obligations. The issue is not regulated by law but instead it has been left to the Supreme Court to regulate. In the Emja-case the Swedish Supreme Court left guidance on the issue. The Supreme Court stated that a third party purchaser of a right where the contract includes an arbitration clause shall be bound by the clause. The arbitration clause is only binding to the remaining part of the initial agreement if no special circumstances exist. The binding effect was justified by the reason that a situation where the purchaser but not the remaining part should be bound to the clause was not sought after and the principle through the 27 § of the Swedish debt instruments act..

Background: Businesses are traditionally valued with the so called Discounted Cash Flow-model. When valuing newly-started businesses, surrounded by high uncertainty, and whose capital mostly consists of unrealized business opportunities, the Discounted Cash Flow-model needs to be complemented if the total value of the business is to be captured. A valuation with the help of real options is capable of valuing these unrealized opportunities, which often exist in newly-started businesses. The unrealized opportunities are to be found in the business plan of the business, why this needs to be valued to capture the total value of a newly-started business. Purpose: To demonstrate what the use of real options can result in when valuing businesses.

In this thesis an explorative study was undertaken with the aim to study how a number of private care providers, as well as politicians and officials from councils in and around the Stockholm and Uppsala counties, think about the future of the Swedish elderly care from a property perspective, i.e. homes for the elderly. The analysis shows that there is a demand for capacity in 6 out of 16 municipalities, and that the property is an important part of this capacity, and the fulfillment of it. This was mainly due to the cost of capital, but also because of several other factors such as lack of land, a wish to guide the design, ideology, and in many cases a wish to use the property as an instrument of domination to control private health care providers.Also, the property was show to be connected to economic competition, to freedom of choice, and to quality. The problems related to the property in the market for elderly care still remains to be solved.

For a long time the Swedish forests were used by the landowner?s mainly for providing wood to the household itself. The wood was not, to a greater extent, considered a product to be sold. During the 1800s the industrial era led to a demanding need for wood in the industry and thus the use of forest, forest production kicked off. The forest production was not regulated by law, which led to a differentiated forest production over the whole country without consideration of re-growth.

Health care is increasingly complex, which increases the demand for knowledge and expertise. Despite this, the share of specialized nurses, including anaesthesia nurses, has decreased from 65% to 48% from year 1995 to year 2008, according to statistics from the National Board of Health and Welfare (Socialstyrelsen) in 2010. Studies indicate that there may be various factors in the work environment that anaesthesia nurses, choose to leave the anaesthesia profession. The purpose of this study was to examine how anaesthesia nurses experienced the physical and psychosocial work. The study was conducted as a descriptive study with qualitative approach.

This paper is supposed to get an answer to how teenagers in a municipality in Kalmar Län in Sweden think about their individual role in a community. The essay is a comparative investigation at how age can affect teenagers's view at the community, based on contractualistic approach. The background issue clarifies the objectives and guidelines how the schools should work with the social norms and values. The method for this studie is a quantitative survey in which students in two different classes are compared. The method for comparing takes place using the theoretical position, which is based on the individual's social maturity in the Swedish society.

Uppsatsen behandlar felbegreppets tillämpning på skogsplantor. Lagstiftningen inom området skog och skogsplantor är relativt omfattande men skogsplantor är biologiska produkter varför lagstiftning inte helt kan förhindra att skador eller sjukdomar ändå uppstår. Det är helt enkelt inte möjligt att framställa skogplantor utan att en viss andel av dem är behäftade med fel. Då det är en mängd sammanverkande faktorer som kan bidra till skador eller plantors död kan det vara svårt att fastställa om orsaken till skadan/plantdöden var att hänföra till plantorna eller faktorer i uppväxtmiljön. Svårigheter att fastställa orsaken kommer därför bidra till svårigheter för skogsägarna i samband med reklamation.