Den svenska klädimporten har ökat dramatiskt och vårt samhälle har förändrats till ett konsumtionssamhälle där vi shoppar efter ?köp och släng? istället för ?slit och släng?. Den ökade klädkonsumtion är ett omdiskuterat samhällsproblem och mode är en färskvara som uppdateras i en allt snabbare takt. Ett stort utbud tillsammans med de låga priser som klädmarknaden är uppbyggd av uppmuntrar till impulsköp vilket gör det allt svårare för kunden att fatta medvetna köpbeslut. I denna studie kommer vi att utgå från Armstrong och Kotlers modell av köpbeslutprocessens som är uppbyggd av fem steg som innefattar hela processen.

This thesis discuss the matter of non-profit-making associations as a self regulatory technique out of a theoretical concept of power. The object for the study is the non-profit-making association Ditt Nya Hageby, which work in the neigborhood of Hageby, a suburb to Norrköping. In the study the association is placed in a contemporary postmodern social context and analyzed through semi- structured qualitative interviews, accordingly to hermeneutical method, with five active members of the association as informants. The association consists of members who lives in the neighborhood. Together with a hired organizer they realizes their own ideas in to projects which unquestionably improves the social and physical enviroment in Hageby.

AbstractThis thesis analyzes the Russian Foreign Policy Doctrine from a broad theoretical perspective, with the aim of describing and explaining the doctrine using a number of theoretical approaches. Russia's foreign policy has undergone substantial changes since Vladimir Putin became president in the year 2000, involving a radical shift in foreign policy objectives and thereby moving away from the more confrontational and distrusting policies which characterized the Boris Jeltsin regime. Putins doctrine, based on pragmatism and seeking partnership and collaboration with the West, can be described as a near revolutionary re-orientation of Russia's foreign policy guidelines, meaning a transformation of the country's self image which implies a rejection of great power status and a search for a new role in the international community.Our thesis has examined explanatory variables such as the domestic political situation in Russia, the contemporary international system and President Vladimir Putins system of beliefs in order to describe and explain the doctrine. Our results show that the doctrine is largely a product of Putins personality, values and beliefs, but also to a large extent a consequence of necessities, namely the poor Russian economy and the fact that the country no longer can withstand an all out conflict with the West involving an excessive arms race.Keywords: Vladimir Putin, pragmatism, realism, domestic politics, radical change..

Slutsats: Hackern blev i tidningarnas diskurs inte bara en säkerhetsrisk utan även en samhällsfara. Hackern var en brottsling och det var endast i få artiklar som hackern framställdes på ett balanserat sätt. Det fanns dessutom flera sensationsartade artiklar där hackerns farlighet understryks. Hackern blev genom sin påstådda brottslighet och genom andra tecken ställd utanför nodalpunkten samhälle och genom sitt hot mot säkerheten blev han samhällets fiende. Tidningarna som skrev om amatörradiorörelsen förde istället fram en mer nyanserad bild: att det finns bråkstakar bland dem men att de flesta var redliga människor.

The aim of this study is to analyse the sexual power relations in contemporary urban novels of Swedish female writers.I have identified a discourse in these novels as a heteronormative matrix which power is ruled by norms and assumptions about normality in both the heterosexual and lesbian stories. For this purpose I have related to Ivar B. Neumanns theory that individuals always find a way to confront the discourse by three different strategies. These strategies are used in my study as tools to organise these novels, because it is possible to see that the protagonists find at least one of these strategy?s to her protest.The first strategy I studied was the docile.

The aim of this Master?s thesis is to examine the ideological currents that have influenced the swedish school system since the 1990's. The background of my interest is the lively debate in schools and media about the new School reform 2011. My hypothesis is that education in 2011 largely will be influenced by neoliberal and neoconservative values. The method I`ve used is discourse and ideology critique, which examines the relationship between rhetoric and power. These concepts are useful to explain the ideological change in different policy documents and in curricula, for example Lpf 94 and School 2001. The theoretical framework is based primarily on the neoliberal and the neoconservative agenda, which are two distinct political rationalities in the contemporary postmodern world.

This project is about Jönsaplan in Landskrona. Jönsaplan is situated at the center of Landskrona in a part called Södra centrum which the municipality is developing, mainly by building new residential buildings. Today, Jönsaplan is not a functioning square. This is due to a ferry terminal and its many fences that block the way for people. In this project, I have assumed that the ferry terminal will be moved somewhere else so that Jönsaplan can be a real square. By studying The Concise Townscape by Gordon Cullen and Byens uttrykksformer by Thomas Thiis - Evensen and three reference places, Daniaparken, Raoul Wallenbergs torg and Norr Mälarstrand, I came up with a number of guidelines for my design proposal for Jönsaplan.

Den 11 augusti 1806 i Skänninge, på Olofsmässomarknadens första dag, öppnade den preussiske medborgaren Jean Baptiste Gautier dörrarna till stadens rådhus för att visa upp en elefant mot betalning. Vid middagstid utbröt slagsmål mellan den marknadsbesökande allmogen och representanter för stadens styrande, inne i rådhuset och på torget utanför. Under tumultet barrikaderade sig Skänninges borgmästare och andra ståndspersoner i rådhuset och marknadsbesökarna på torget utanför kastade sten mot fönstren. De instängda personerna tilläts inte lämna byggnaden förrän komminister Sundelius från Heda gripit in och dämpat de spända stämningarna på torget något. När de instängda släppts ut höll allmogen huset i besittning under återstoden av staden och beskådade elefanten utan betalning.Under dagen spreds uppgifter om att upploppsmakarna trakasserat ståndspersoner och hotat att bränna ned staden om det bleve rättsliga påföljder för våldsamheterna.

This master thesis summarizes contemporary theories on secularization processes in the Western world, and compares these with the example of Sweden, which by many scholars is considered to be the most secularized country in the Western world.I do this by dividing the most influential theorists in five different groups. In each group I explain how the theorists formulate and motivate their positions. These groups are:1) The secularization paradigm, where secularization always accompanies modernization. (Therorists: Steve Bruce and Peter Berger (in the 1960s)2) The paradigm basically accepted, but revised to depend on existential security, rather than modernisation as such. (Pippa Norris and Ronald Inglehart)3) Religion returned in the public sphere.

The aim of this paper is to clarify the up till now somewhat shady definition of legitimacy, and to investigate what happens to this concept when it is transferred from the boundaries of the nation state to the realms of the international arena. By creating a model of legitimacy from which an institution can be evaluated, the purpose of this paper is to investigate what legitimacy is and how important it is for the actors within the international society. The next step involves evaluating what makes the UN a legitimate institution and how its foundation is affected by the blatant disregard of its authority by one of its? most influential members.The theoretical framework consists of a summary of what contemporary analysts? views of legitimacy are, which I have incorporated into my own institutional model of legitimacy. The role of institutions is central to all aspects of this study.

Place is on the one hand a commonsense everyday word with diversely connotative meanings, and on the other a contested concept with different interpretations across a broad range of academic disciplines and discourses. This thesis researches theories of place and their implications for the theory and design practice of landscape architecture. Responding to problems of insufficient theoretical grounding and inconsistent use of the concept of place within the discipline presently, it argues the need for a theory of place better articulated in relation to landscape architecture. It seeks to contribute to such theory formation by drawing on ideas from related disciplines ? tracing diverse understandings of place beyond the commonsense meanings of the word and into the deeper reaches of place theory as tools to explain physical, social and spiritual aspects of the environment, and human relationships with it.

This master thesis summarizes contemporary theories on secularization processes in the Western world, and compares these with the example of Sweden, which by many scholars is considered to be the most secularized country in the Western world.I do this by dividing the most influential theorists in five different groups. In each group I explain how the theorists formulate and motivate their positions. These groups are:1) The secularization paradigm, where secularization always accompanies modernization. (Therorists: Steve Bruce and Peter Berger (in the 1960s)2) The paradigm basically accepted, but revised to depend on existential security, rather than modernisation as such. (Pippa Norris and Ronald Inglehart)3) Religion returned in the public sphere.

Hometown Boy är ett projekt av konstnären Liu Xiaodong. Tillsammans med en grupp medarbetare besökte han sin barndomsstad  Jincheng i nordöstra Kina, en stad han lämnade för trettio år sedan.. Resultatet visades på UCCA, Ullens Center for Contemporary Art i Beijing. Lius verk synliggjorde individer från en marginaliserad arbetarklass som inte ofta ges utrymme inom porträttkonsten.Mitt syfte har varit att tolka Lius Xiao Dou Hanging Out at the Pool Hall bland annat utifrån ett marxistisktfeministiskt förhållningssätt. Som metod har jag utgått ifrån bildanalyser av verken samt litteraturstudier.

The purpose of this study is to map out and to analyze the spatial variation of female representation at the national level in established democracies. The aim is also to explain the variation in the female representation. The main questions that the paper tries to answer are:1.How does women representation in established democratic parliaments vary?2.Why does women representation in established democratic parliaments vary?This study is a comparative and statistic study, i.e. a study that includes a bigger number of countries and where quantitative analysis methods are used in order to achieve comparative analyses.

This thesis aims to shed light on the collection of Oriental manuscripts at the Uppsala University Library Carolina Rediviva and how the collection is a part of the collective memory. The main question which is central for this thesis is: have orientalism and structures of power influenced the acquisition, arrangement and methods of accessability regarding the Oriental manuscripts? If yes, in what way and why? If no, how has this been avoided?The theoretical framework consists of four approaches: phenomenology, sociology of knowledge, orientalism and power which are applied to the archival concept of collective memory. The main source of material consists of three parts: the historical texts which gives an informational framework regarding the time and place in which the manuscripts were collected, the catalogues in which the manuscripts are described and the transcripted interviews alongside correspondence. Methodologically the thesis is based upon a qualitative method which also partly makes up the foundation for the main material.