På dagens marknad måste företagen kunna möta både de yttre och inre kraven som ställs på marknaden för att maximera sin avkastning. Ett företag som i allra högsta grad står inför förändrade yttre krav är Posten. Hur kan Posten kombinera yttre krav och omständigheter från kunder, marknadsförhållanden och ägarnas vinstintresse med de inre kraven, det vill säga en tillfredställd personal? Hur kan man skapa en bra företagskultur som gynnar både ägarna och de anställda?En teori som hävdar att det går att möta de yttre kraven samtidigt som de inre kraven uppfylls benämns: empowerment. Syftet med denna uppsats är att utifrån ett empowermentperspektiv analysera hur några lokala chefer på Posten jobbar med sin personalpolitik rent praktiskt.Empowermentbegreppet operationaliserades till att gälla tre nycklar angående ?information?, ?gränser/riktlinjer? och ?självgående lag?.

The purpose of this study is to examine the change in consumer behaviour regarding the intention towards buying fruit when the layout of the fruit section has been altered. We want to increase the probability of making impulse purchases by altering the layout. In our study we have combined structured quantitative observations with structured quantitative as well as qualitative interviews, with secondary data in the form of sales data from two selected ICA-stores. We chose to use this triangulated approach in order to cross-examine our findings and overcome the limitations of one method by the use of another. Further, the Latin square design was used for the observations as a means to acknowledge the calendar effect during the experiment.

Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to compare and analyze Malmö Aviation and Rica Talk Hotel's service culture. This is done by examining three themes, the organizations ways of working with training, motivation and empowerment of frontline employees.Method: The essay is a case study-based qualitative research which mainly focuses on semi-structured, qualitative interviews with various people within the two organizations.Theory: The theoretical framework considers theory within two sections. The first section, the organizations importance in service quality, focuses on service culture or service climate and different management strategies. Section two, the employees? importance in service quality, focuses on three themes: training, motivation and empowerment of frontline employeesResults: Both Malmö Aviation and Rica Talk Hotel are companies that put great emphasis on developing and maintaining a quality service culture within the organization.

Syfte och frågeställningar : TidsNätverket i Bergsjön, upprättat i augusti år 2007 i Göteborg, är en verksamhet grundad på time bank-modell. Syftet med undersökningen är ?att studera vilka positiva och negativa erfarenheter av TidsNätverket i Bergsjön som dess deltagare ger uttryck för samt vilka konsekvenser verksamheten har fått för dem med avseende på empowerment och socialt kapital?. Mina frågeställningar är: 1) Vilka positiva och negativa erfarenheter av TidsNätverket i Bergsjön ger dess deltagare uttryck för? 2) Vilka konsekvenser har TidsNätverket i Bergsjön haft för uppkomsten av empowerment och socialt kapital hos deltagarna?Metod och material : Studien använder sig av semi-strukturerade intervjuer med deltagare, ostrukturerade intervjuer med den verksamhetsansvarige, liksom studier av intern dokumentation.

Syfte: Syftet med denna uppsats är att identifiera hur nivån av empowerment utvecklats i en organisation som utsatts för högre krav av effektivitet, hur det förändrat ledarskapet och de anställdas situation, som en ansats till att bidra till den organisationsteoretiska forskningen. Metod: Metodvalet byggde på undersökningens syfte att undersöka nivån av empowerment inom ett företag som genomgått en stor organisatorisk förändring. Metoden som användes för att tillgodose syftet var kvalitativ. Den kvalitativa studien genomfördes med en hermeneutisk utgångspunkt, där den enskilde individen fick beskriva sin upplevelse och erfarenhet av empowerment, för att ge svar på hur empowerment påverkats i en organisation som gått från monopol till konkurrens. Uppsats har en deduktiv ansats, då befintliga teorier som behandlar empowerment legat som grund för utformandet av intervjuunderlaget, som sedan kopplats ihop med det empiriska materialet, utifrån detta har sedan slutsatserna dragits. Slutsatser: Slutsatserna som dragits av författarna till denna studie, är att empowerment nivån i en organisation som gått från monopol till konkurrens höjs. Dessutom verkar en organisation, som gått från monopol till en konkurrensutsatt situation, utvecklas likt en empowermentkultur, för att kunna anpassas till marknadens krav.

Diabetes är ett växande folkhälsoproblem som drabbar fler och fler människor. För att vården ska kunna ta hand om denna växande patientkategori så behöver patienternas egenvård främjas. Distriktssköterskor har ett ansvar att skapa en god vårdrelation för att främja egenvården. Syftet med denna studie är att belysa hur distriktssköterskan kan möjliggöra egenvården hos patienter med diabetes typ 2 med hjälp av empowerment. En litteraturstudie gjordes som utgick från elva vetenskapliga artiklar.

Service quality occurs in service encounters where both customers and employees come together in an interaction. It is therefore important that the staff give their best because the interaction usually takes place in real time, which is referred to as the moment of truth.The aim of this study was to find out how luxury hotels are working to ensure good service quality, and how the staff are motivated to deliver this service. We wanted to examine this from a management perspective, and an employee perspective. Information was gathered through various interviews, where the staff at the Hotel Kämp in Helsinki and at the Sheraton Hotel Stockholm participated.Survey results show that employee motivation, training and empowerment have a significant impact to provide service in high quality. The results also show that the surveyed hotel, to certain level work in the same way, but it reveals some differences even when both hotels are part of the same concern..

Companies within the e-commerce industry currently try to overcome the disadvantages of not being able to provide a physical inspection of products, and this is especially an issue for the apparel industry. One way of trying to overcome this issue is by presenting apparel with a short video of a model wearing the garment. The aim in this thesis is to investigate how these video presentations affect consumers' emotions, cognitions and intentions. Since previous studies have found that different shopping scenarios can moderate the effect of stimuli in the atmosphere on the consumers' emotions, we also aim to see if a video presentation, depending on the shopping scenario, could have a negative impact on site visitors. Moreover this thesis investigates the moderating effects of involvement on consumers' cognitions.

Problem discussion: That empowerment and autonomy can lead to desirable effects on employees is clear. Previous research has found correlations between empowerment and e.g. motivation, job satisfaction, productivity, loyalty and commitment. However, a control problem arises when employees have more freedom in decision-making which could potentially lead to undesirable outcomes. It thus becomes a type of dilemma for management and managers where you have to try to balance a restrictive use of the control system (to maintain control) and an enabling use (to promote empowerment).Purpose: The purpose of this study is therefore to identify how a company can use its control system in order to achieve empowerment while maintaining acceptable levels of control.

During the past decade, consumer health information-centers have been developed at the hospital libraries in Sweden in order to meet the increasing demand from patients and their relatives concerning consumer health information. In 1993, the hospital libraries in Falun, Västervik and Karlstad launched a consumer health information database called PION. The aim of this Master's thesis is two-fold. My first aim is to describe and discuss the principles of user-oriented evaluation. In my attempt to convey the theoretical discussion into the everyday life of librarianship, my second and most important aim is to conduct a user-oriented evaluation of the database PION.

Bakgrund: Fatigue är en biverkan hos kvinnor med bröstcancer som genomgår adjuvantbehandling. Sjuksköterskan kan genom sina omvårdnadsåtgärder hjälpa dessa kvinnor atthantera och minska biverkningar av fatigue. Begreppet empowerment och Orems teori omhjälp till självhjälp kan ses som en grund för sjuksköterskan i detta omvårdnadsarbete.Syfte: Att beskriva hur kvinnor med bröstcancer, under adjuvant behandling, kan hantera ochminska symptomet fatigue med hjälp av sjuksköterskans omvårdnadsinsatser, grundat i begreppet empowerment och hjälp till självhjälp.Metod: Litteraturbaserad studie med grund i tolv kvalitativa och kvantitativa artiklar.Resultat: Förekomsten av fatigue finns kvar men olika metoder kan ge minskade nivåer.Motion och rörelse kan lindra graden av fatigue. Muskelavslappningsövningar gav minskadenivåer och minskad upplevelse av fatigue. En balanserad sömn och minskad stress gavpositiva effekter på upplevd fatigue.Slutsats: Det finns olika omvårdnadsinsatser sjuksköterskan kan genomföra, dels själv menockså tillsammans med andra professioner.

A decade ago the organic egg production in Sweden was nearly nonexistent (Föreningen för ekologisk fjäderfäproduktion, 2008). A rising demand for these products in the beginning of year 2000 made the organic egg production the most increasing production of all organic provisions. The Swedish consumers value provision production that have a reduced impact on the environment and further protects the wellness of animals and plants (Jordbruksverket, 2010). Today, the organic egg production composes roughly 6 % of the total egg production in Sweden. This indicates that the ambition of Jordbruksverket, which has an organic egg production goal of 10 % of the total production, is not yet achieved.The consumer demand on the market is the driving force for these new products, and the higher prices contribute to an essential portion of the additional costs of organic egg production (Jordbruksverket, 2004).

The purpose of this essay is mainly to study the reason behind students' visits to restaurants, and also their restaurant habits. The study also intends to find a possible difference in students dining habits among the different social classes; working class and middle class.  This study contains qualitative methods. The qualitative research method is in the shape of deep interviews with ten students from different social classes who?s registered at Södertörns  högskola. The results of this investigation show that the consumer society along with the respondent?s habitus and access to capital, has influenced and created their opinions and habits around eating out. This has also created the similarities and differences between them. Keywords:Habtitus, consumption, restaurant, social class, consumer society.

Within the subject of retouching there is an ongoing debate about whether fashion retailers should retouch their ads or not. There has been a large amount of criticism to the communication of stereotyped beauty ideals that is used by companies in their marketing. The stereotyped ideals also contribute to negative psychological effects among people. As a response to the criticism, or as a way to differentiate one-self from competitors, retailers are starting to use unretouched models in their advertising. How this affects the consumer's perception of CSR along with the attitudes and behaviors is still unknown.

Advertisements have become a regular part of our everyday lives. We walk past them on the street; we admire them on the subway and even invite them into our living room in between prime time showings. The reality is that in today's modern times there is no escaping the daily bombardment of advertisement. To distinguish themselves from the continuous noise of the industry, advertisers battle to find unique ways to capture the attention of consumers. But is it possible that some advertisers take their techniques to an extreme in the struggle to be remembered This thesis aims at investigating whether it is possible to offend a consumer through an advertisement due to its extreme simplicity.