According to the widespread concept of deception, deception is to intentionally cause someone to acquire or continue to have a false belief.  This paper refutes this notion and argues for a definition of deception based on a view that deception is the misuse of communication with the purpose to achieve a further end; an end that, is believed, can?t be reached without the misuse of communication. It is shown that this new definition can handle cases that earlier definitions could not handle without leading to absurd pragmatic consequences. In addition, the proposed definition makes it possible to properly distinguish between deception and attempted deception..

Freedom of religion or belief is indisputable in Human rights discourse, more discussed is exactly what it is that is included in the concept of freedom of religion or belief (in Swedish: religionsfrihet). This thesis focuses on the freedom of religion or belief in a European context, in particular on the European court of human rights and article 9 in the European convention for human rights. Some criticism has been directed against the Court to the effect that its practice and verdicts don't answer to the pronounced desire to develop a pluralistic and inclusive form of freedom of religion or belief.My aim is to examine, analyse and test three different theories, which all try to develop alternatives to the expression freedom of religion or belief, in relation to six verdicts from article 9 in Europe convention. My basic purpose is to try to find new ways of talking about freedom of religion or belief that might lead to a more inclusive, pluralistic and equal interpretation of that concept.The three theories wich I use are elaborated by Richard Amesbury (associate professor at Claremont school of Theology); Hugo Strandberg (TD at Åbo Akademi) and Eberhard Herrmann (professor in philosophy of religion at Uppsala University); and Martha Nussbaum (professor of law and ethics at the University of Chicago). The six cases from the European court are: X v.

Trombin är ett trypsinliknande serinproteas som har stor del i kroppens reglering av blodets fluiditet och koagulation genom att det klyver faktorer som slutligen leder till att blodet kan koagulera och fibrin bildas. Syftet med det här projektet har varit att syntetisera fragment som designats med datorgrafiska metoder på Astra Zeneca och sedan analysera fragmenten med affinitetskromatografi med trypsin immobiliserad på kiselgelspartiklar. I projektet har även ett nytt koncept prövats, nämligen att analysera reaktionsblandningarna direkt med hjälp av trypsinkolonnen utan att först isolera och rena föreningarna. De designade fragmenten har syntetiserats med standardmetoder, bl.a. har N,N?dicyklohexylkarbodiimid (DCC) använts.

Syftet med studien var att göra en litteraturstudie vilken beskriver hur sjuksköterskans omvårdnadsåtgärder förebygger komplikationer vilka kan uppstå vid måltidssituationer för patienter drabbade av dysfagi till följd av stroke. Studien genomfördes som litteraturstudie med beskrivande design, 12 vetenskapliga artiklar granskades och sammanställdes under tre huvudrubriker; Åtgärder för att förebygga aspirationspneumoni, Nutritionsstöd samt Kvalitetsgranskning av artiklar.Resultatet visade att många av sjuksköterskans omvårdnadsåtgärder kunde minska risken att patienter med dysfagi drabbas av aspirationspneumoni. Det framkom en rad olika kompensationsstrategier och åtgärder sjuksköterskan kunde bidra med, bland annat intensiv munhygien samt stimulering av tunga och mun med is eller annat kallt föremål vilket stimulerar sväljreflexen. Andra åtgärder var rätt sittposition och anpassad konsistens på mat och vätska samt kosttillskott. Resultatet i föreliggande studie visade att utbildning inom förebyggande omvårdnadsåtgärder var nödvändiga för att rätt matningsteknik användes och att kostrekommendationer följdes, samt att det fanns ett lämpligt instrument för sjuksköterskans kompetens vid screening av dysfagi.

This master thesis is an early concept development project about using plastic films and sheets as materials for shaping openings for Tetra Pak packages. It is also a technical introduction highlighting the areas of importance for the development of plastic film and sheets openings. The master thesis has been carried out as a co-operation between Chalmers University of Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology and Tetra Pak AB.The master thesis study presents an introduction that gives an understanding of the technical complexities and design possibilities of using thin plastic films and sheets in liquid carton openings. The knowledge is then transferred into five design concepts which points out the areas of opportunity. The technical introduction is widespread and extensive covering current packing trends, the liquid carton package and openings, thermoplastic material properties, and thin film and sheet manufacturing and shaping.

Media affects our views of the world and plays a large part in creation and dissemination of social representations. Through media?s increasing importance, people and organizations need to work harder to stand out among the large amounts of brands that exists today.In 2013, Umea? Energi launched a commercial concept about Dolf and Ja?rven, two characters living in Lill-Grobban, a fictional village outside of Umea?. The aim of this qualitative study is to examine how Umea? Energi uses stereotypes in the commercial concept Dolf and Ja?rven and how this affects the respondents, and in the long run the stereotypification of norrlandians.

This two years master's thesis examines the experience of children who read to a dog. The theoretical framework is inspired by sociocultural theory developed by Roger Säljö and the concept carnival inspired by Mikhail Bakhtin. The sociocultural theory has been chosen because it emphasizes the role of practice, instruments and communication in learning and the concept carnival has been chosen to analyze the experience of reading to a dog.The method used is qualitative interview and observation. A total of eight interviews and two observations when children read to a dog have been collected. One interview is with a teacher and seven interviews are with the children (six children participated and one child was interviewed twice).

The traditional airlines exist on a market that is distinguished by an increasing competition. They are often partly or completely owned by the government and are characterized by slow decision making. Because of their existing structure and old business culture the traditional airlines find it hard to use price as a means of competition. Consequently the traditional airlines need to create loyalty amongst their customers. The purpose of this essay was to analyze and evaluate SAS long-term marketing strategies through a comparative study of the companies? management, employees and customers.

Syftet med denna uppsats var att undersöka om den information patienter med screeningupptäckt abdominellt aorta aneurysm får av sjuksköterska, uppfattas som lagom och lättförståelig och om det blivit någon skillnad av orosnivå efter besöket. Ett frågeformulär skickades ut till 42 män som genom screeningundersökning diagnostiserats med ett ?aneurysm under utveckling? eller abdominellt aorta aneurysm. Resultatet visar att alla patienter upplevde besöket hos kärlsjuksköterskan som bra eller mycket bra. Majoriteten av de tillfrågade hade fått information om de olika områdena och de tyckte att mängden informationen var lagom.

SammanfattningInom den kommunala rehabiliteringen möter arbetsterapeuten personer med vitt skilda slag av sjukdomar och funktionsnedsättningar. En av de vanligare grupperna är personer, som av olika skäl drabbas av kognitiva nedsättningar. Arbetsterapeuten bedömer personer med kognitiva funktionsnedsättningar bl.a. med hjälp av olika bedömningsinstrument. Screening -instrumentet Mini Mental Test (MMT) är ett av de mest använda.

Breast cancer is the most common tumor disease among women in Sweden. About 7000persons, having a median age of 65, are diagnosed each year with this disease. Withmammography screening, breast cancer can be detected in an early stage which improves theoverall survival (OS). 20-30 % of the breast cancer tumors are overexpressing humanepidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), which is a protein that stimulates cell proliferation.Trastuzumab (Herceptin®) is a humanised monoclonal antibody that targets the HER2-proteinand prevent the signals for cell proliferation.Trastuzumab has earlier been used for treatment of metastatic breast cancer. In the year of 2007trastuzumab was approved for adjuvant treatment of patients who has been medicated withsurgery and/or radiation.The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of adjuvant treatment with trastuzumab inHER2-positive breast cancer patients.

Målet med Brunnsviken Brief Quality of Life Inventory (BBQ) är att skapa en kortfattad och lättadministrerad skattningsskala för självupplevd livskvalitet med goda psykometriska egenskaper vilken är gratis för alla att använda. I framtagningen av BBQ har data insamlad med Quality of Life Inventory (QOLI) i tidigare studier använts för att identifiera de livsområden med störst betydelse för självupplevd livskvalitet. I aktuell studie har normvärden tagits fram för den i studien ingående undersökningsgruppen bestående av 167 psykologistudenter. Studien har visat att BBQ har utmärkt reliabilitet (test-retest), 0,89. Vidare hade BBQ lika god validitet för undersökningsgruppen som QOLI.

It is a well known archaeological concern that the remains of human bones left from the bronze age and early iron age Scandinavia are not nearly enough to represent the estimated population of the time. Furthermore the bones of each find rarely represent a whole individual. The majority of the bones must have been disposed of somewhere else, possibly scattered in running waters or in the fields, where they have evaporated or are securely hidden from archaeological excavations.This thesis deals with the grave concept and the problem in using a word that is so very clouded by its modern, western meaning. It also offers an alternative explanation to why the bones are handled the way they are and why they are found in such awkward contexts..

It is a well known archaeological concern that the remains of human bones left from the bronze age and early iron age Scandinavia are not nearly enough to represent the estimated population of the time. Furthermore the bones of each find rarely represent a whole individual. The majority of the bones must have been disposed of somewhere else, possibly scattered in running waters or in the fields, where they have evaporated or are securely hidden from archaeological excavations.This thesis deals with the grave concept and the problem in using a word that is so very clouded by its modern, western meaning. It also offers an alternative explanation to why the bones are handled the way they are and why they are found in such awkward contexts..

The purpose of this essay is to develop marketing strategies, from a service management perspective, for camping?s interested in the German tourist as a new target audience. This essay focus upon extending the season for camping grounds on Öland, Sweden. To extend the season we recommend the camping grounds to target a new audience - the German tourist..