Lungcancer är idag den femte vanligaste cancerformen och den vanligaste cancerrelaterade dödsorsaken i Sverige, rökning står som orsak till ungefär 90% av alla sjukdomsfall. Sen upptäckt av lungcancer leder till låg överlevnad, tidig diagnos samt behandling är avgörande för prognosen. Tekniken har utvecklats och fördelen med lågdos datortomografi är de låga stråldoserna i jämförelse med en vanlig datortomografi och att kvalitén på bilderna ändå ger möjlighet för viss diagnostik. Metoden är under utveckling och röntgensjuksköterskan har ett ansvar att följa med i teknikutvecklingen och delta vid implementering av nya metoder. Att undersöka om screening med lågdos datortomografi kan vara en effektiv metod för att diagnostisera lungcancer i ett tidigt skede hos rökare.

: I denna rapport har det gjorts en undersökning om vilket som är det mest lämpliga materialet/ materialen för en handske till formel 1 bilförare. Genom kvalitativa intervjuer och informationsundersökning har en kravspecifikation sammanställts med de viktigaste kraven, som förare och regelverket ställer. Reglerna är angivna i standarder till handskar för formel 1 bilförare. ! En rad olika tester har gjorts och genom det har frågeformuleringarna besvarats. De material som testades var Nomex®, Kevlar®, Trevira CS® och Nomex® III.

People working with handling parcels in terminals are often victims of musculoskeletal injuries. This is largely due to the hazardous lifting of too many parcels which are too heavy and unsuitable work postures. The human body?s ability to lift and grasp objects is so outstanding that developing a device with the same capability is very difficult.The goal of the project has been to develop a technical device that will improve the handling of parcels with regard to ergonomics. The area of concern was the lifting of parcels between the conveyor belt and the cargo space of the freight car.

The thoughts of a common school for all children have been around since the 1800?s but was something that was introduced in Sweden first in 1962. When the curriculum for primary school came in 1980 there was a new concept, a school for all. With a school for all it was aimed that all children should have the right to participation and a common education no matter what needs they could have.During my education I have come across the concept a school for all and that is something that interested me. Today?s curricula and school laws aim to ensure that all children have the right to equal education and inclusion whatever needs you have.The purpose of this study is to find out some pedagogues? thoughts and work around the concept a school for all.

Syfte: Att undersöka på vilket sätt postpartum depression identifieras hos nyblivna föräldrar och på vilket sätt screening med EPDS och påföljande stödjande samtal tillämpas av distriktssköterskor tjänstgörande på BVC i Uppsala län.Metod: Samtliga 98 distriktssköterskor som arbetar med BVC i Uppsala län inkluderades i enkätstudien. Svarsfrekvens utgjorde 60%. Enkäten bestod av 35 frågor.Resultat: Studien fann att EPDS-användning bland BVC-sjuksköterskor var hög, 51 av 59 använde EPDS och visade, bland de som hade besvarat enkäten, att det fanns en signifikant skillnad mellan EPDS-användning och vilken kommun distriktssköterskor arbetade i, och att det fanns ett signifikant samband mellan EPDS-användning och erhållen utbildning. Det fanns inget signifikant samband mellan EPDS-användning och tillgång till handledning. Riktlinjer för screening fanns på de flesta arbetsplatser, dock enbart för svensktalande mödrar.

Our aim of this study is to analyze how the concept of reasonable standard of living is by assistance officers in geriatric care, as well as the impact of their discretion on the assessment. We conducted a qualitative study with the help of interviews. During the collection of the empirical material, we have experienced greater confusion among assistance officers opinion about the concept of reasonable standard of living. We lacked a clear answer to the concept content. The interview subjects' responses did not differ so much, they said, among other things, that the concept is difficult to interpret, fuzzy, or that they do not have a good understanding of it.

The Swedish stock-market gives investors an opportunity to benefit from the global growth while financing companies invests and contributes to a socio-economic development. Parallel to the ownership of the funds also follows a responsibility as companies in the funds affect society and the environment. The growth of savings in funds, combined with an increased focus on sustainability has developed SRI (socially responsible investment). Therefore it is interesting to examine whether responsibility is an exception, which only concerns SRI-funds or a general principle, which includes the whole Swedish stock-market.The results of the survey makes it clear that all the Swedish major banks actively works to integrate sustainability within the respective bank's business to achieve a more sustainable financial system. Thus concludes the investigation that responsible investments are a general principle on the Swedish mutual stock-market.How responsibility is integrated in fund management differ between the banks.

Competence is a complex concept that encompasses many facets. This study aims fora better understanding of the concept. Many branches of business administration science would benefit from a better understanding of competence and, through that understanding, find solutions where competence is one of many variables. By combining a positivistic and phenomenological approach, this study has created a broader understanding of the concept of competence.The study combines systematic study of the relevant literature with in-depth interviewswith people representing both the employer and the union within the staffing company world.The results show that quantifying competence is a complex and next to impossible task, as it would involve including the whole concept of competence in the calculations. When this is done, the phenomenon itself becomes so complex that it loses its validity.This is why theorists who want to perform this type of calculations put most of the competence complexity in ?the black box?.

Constantly growing demands from the costumers in the Automotive industry forces the subcontractors to seek alternative ways to compete. One parameter of quality is the components tolerance against NVH(Noise, Vibraion & Harshness) aspects. Kongsbergs Automotive has developed a new gear shifter platform (Shift-by-Wire) that is sold to Alfa Romeo and used in of their car models. However, the company is not pleased with the components sound quality, therefore the main purpose of this thesis is to develope a number of concepts that is supposed to enhance these NVH-aspects.To get an understanding of the problem an analysis of the causes of the emitted sound has been done parallell to a product decomposition, function decomposition and a Ishikawa-diagram. Together with these methods has a litterature study been performed to get familiar with the physics of an impact and especially the emittment of noise.

This paper researches how the palimpsest concept is used in relation to landscape, and how it can function as a tool within landscape architecture. Palimpsest originally refers to old parchment handwritings, where new text has been applied on top of effaced, but still discernable, earlier writing. Superimposition of information is the core of the palimpsest concept, used within a range of scientific as well as cultural fields. The purpose of this paper is to find how a landscape palimpsest can be distinguished among the many different layers of landscape, such as historical or cultural, and to examine the potential use of the concept in theory and practice of the landscape architecture field. The study is conducted as a literature survey, examining the use of the palimpsest concept within academic works related to landscape.

Syfte: Att undersöka i vilken utsträckning sjuksköterskor på en akutmottagning följde riktlinjer om våldsutsatta kvinnor, sjuksköterskors inställning till att rutinmässigt fråga om våld, sjuksköterskors erfarenheter av att upptäcka och bemöta dessa kvinnor samt om det fanns skillnader mellan öppen- och slutenvård samt mellan kvinnliga och manliga sjuksköterskor. Metod: Tvärsnittsstudie i form av enkätundersökning. Ett bekvämlighetsurval gjordes och enkäter lämnades ut till sjuksköterskor (n=110) på akutmottagningar. Svarsfrekvensen var 45 %. Resultat: Få sjuksköterskor frågade om våld, de flesta gjorde detta endast vid misstanke om våld.

Background: The number of older people is increasing in Sweden. The elderly patient often requires a more complex type of care, than younger patients. The concept of frailty is often used to describe individuals who have a high biological age and a decreased physiologic reserve which could be associated with acute illness and an increased vulnerability. Emergency medical care today is not suitable for elderly patients and adaptions for these elderly patients and the demands this places on the health care is necessary. Mölndal Hospital emergency department has around 42 000 visitors per year, many of the clients have a high age.

 Bakgrund: Personer som har ett riskbruk av alkohol har en måttligt förhöjd risk för sjukdom, sänkt livskvalitet och förtida död. Vid riskbruk ökar risken för att utveckla alkoholmissbruk. Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test [AUDIT] är ett frågeformulär för att screena överdrivet alkoholdrickande. Socialstyrelsen rekommenderar rådgivning vid skadlig alkoholkonsumtion, t.ex. kort rådgivning.Syfte: Syftet med studien var att beskriva betydelsen av sjuksköterskans alkoholspecifika screening och rådgivning till vuxna personer som har ett riskbruk eller missbruk av alkohol.Metod: Studien var en systematisk litteraturstudie.

The objective of this literature study was to describe the nurse?s preventive actions to prevent diabetes type 2 among children and adolescents in school age. It emerged from the analysis that the nurse is working according to three pillars; screening, lifestyle changes and counselling/education. This result showed that what often increase difficulties when working with screening are: undefined guidelines, lack of time and resources. Overweight/obesity is one of many indicators to develop diabetes type 2, therefore it is important that both BMI and waist are measured.

Staphylococcus aureus belongs to the normal flora. Many healthy people are colonized by the bacterium mainly in the nose but also on the skin and on other mucous membranes without showing symptoms. After damage to the skin, the bacterium can enter the wound and cause infections. Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) is resistant to b-lactam antibiotics such as penicillin and methicillin.