This thesis aims to develop a theory in the under researched field of international comparative cultural policy studies. lt does so by combining theories from the fields of political scienceand cultural studies, researching how and to what extent the concepts of culture of different states have an impact on the way cultural policies are constructed.The thesis uses this theoretical development in order to research a specific problem, namely the perceived possibility that Swedish and German cultural structures are slowly converging. Two recent official policy documents from each country are the objects of study. Through comparative idea analysis and with Michiel S. D Vries theories on decentralization, the thesis explains the convergence between the countries by differing cultural views between them.

Aim: The aim of this study is to describe which messages and by which rhetorical means were communicated in political TV-advertisement in Finland and Sweden. The study also aims to analyze how the rhetorical choices were influenced by the political and social context in these countries.Material: Two TV-commercials from the latest parliamentary elections in each country were chosen. The leading left-wing and right-wing parties were chosen from each country.Theoretical perspective: This study is based on theories on political parties? vote maximization and the development of the modern electoral campaign.Methodology: The method used in this study is rhetorical analysis.Results: All commercials had similar themes and were characterized by a low level of conflict. This is related to the common Nordic context in the two countries.

This document presents calculations of adjusted GDP based on satellite household accounts for the year 2001 with the purpose to compare adjusted and official GDP for Sweden, Germany, Estonia and Finland. Household production in each country is estimated using time use survey data from Eurostat and a monetary value is estimated using average wage (after taxes) for each country. The results indicate that the value of household production using this methodology increases GDP with between 42% (Finland) and 55% (Germany) compared to official GDP statistics. A comparison of GDP/capita between the countries included in the study shows that the GDP/capita in Germany increases more that the other countries due to the relatively high proportion of time used for household production (mainly German women) combined with a high average wage. In fact, the results show that Germany has higher adjusted GDP/capita than both Finland and Sweden (but Germany has lower GDP per capita when official statistics is used for the comparison).

Den här uppsatsen behandlar två olika examinationsformer på gymnasiet, studentexamen i Finland och avslutande gymnasiestudier i Sverige. Undersökningens fokus ligger på två olika prov, det nationella provet i Svenska B, delprov B i Sverige samt essäprovet i Svenska som modersmål i Finland. Syftet med undersökningen är att visa eventuella likheter och skillnader mellan de två proven samt belysa bakgrunden till de olika skolsystemen. Metoden som använts är en fördjupad, jämförande undersökning av det primära materialet. Undersökningen har genomförts i två etapper, en mindre undersökning av kursplanerna samt en större undersökning av det nationella provet i Svenska B, delprov B samt essäprovet i Svenska som modersmål.

Av alla skolbarn i världen har 90 % någon gång haft karies. World Health Organisation har upprättat mål för att minska karies. År 2000 skulle 12- åringarna inte överstiga DMFT 3 och år 2020 ska 80 % av världens alla 6-åringar vara kariesfria. Syftet med denna studie var att beskriva kariesförekomsten hos barn i åldern 3-19 år med invandrarbakgrund i Sverige, Norge, Finland och Danmark. Metoden som användes var en allmän litteraturstudie.

I have done a comparative gender study of Library of Congress Classification from 1900 and 2001. I have also used a hermeneutic method and ideological critics to find out what picture of women the both systems shows. In my comparative study of the both systems I have found low update of classes which relates to women in the new classification system. Men seem to be a norm in the system, because men are not defined in classes related to both men and women. But many classes related to women are named Women as and Women in The study also shows that women are more related to subjects about family and marriage than men are.

Our study has found that there are different structures and strategies in China and the US. This is due to the different constraints in each country which either allows the union to flourish or cripples its ability to function in a manner that protects workers rights..

This study investigates Swedish and Finnish official perception of Russia following the Cold War. This is aimed at categorizing changes in perception of Russia over time and assessing the impact of perception on defense policy. The study uses a comparative method where the contents of three foreign policy reports of Sweden and Finland respectively are analyzed according to dimensions based in image theory. Results show that Swedish and Finnish perceptions of Russia are overall similar between the reports being compared, except for Finnish perception of Russian relative power being significantly greater. Changes in Swedish and Finnish official perception do not clearly correlate with changes in defense policy.

Den här uppsatsen är en statistisk jämförelse mellan valresultat och arbetslöshet både över tid och mellan kommuner över två val i Östergötland och i Birkaland i Finland. Jag jämför Sverigedemokraternas väljarbas med Sannfinländarnas och vilka utgångspunkter de har för sin väljarbas. Sverigedemokraterna har massinvandringen som utgångspunkt och Sannfinländarna har småborgerlig världsbild som utgångspunkt..

The food prices in Finland and Sweden have been a subject for discussion for several years back in time. From the opponents against further European integration one have often heard that the EU and EMU entrance have made an negative impact on the food prices. This study show us that the impactof the entrances was extensive in the short run but rather finite and insignificant in the long run.Other important factors that describe why food prices fluctuate is also discussed. The mainconclusion is that other factors than the EU and EMU entrance should be seen as more likely whenit comes to the development of food prices. The essay is principally based on quantitative statistics of food prices, analysed in the light of economic theory..

Kriget är ett återkommande ämne och ständigt produceras ny litteratur och andra dokumentationer i ämnet. På många platser runt om i världen finns det även fortfarande spår från krigsåren, detta inte minst i Finland. Under denna tidsperiod deltog Finland i två krig: vinterkriget 1938 och fortsättningskriget 1941-44. Om dessa krigsrelaterade händelser har det skrivits i mängder, både skönlitterärt och historiskt, även på individnivå där hågkomstmaterial samlats in. Det här är ingen uppsats om kriget i sig, utan om hur man berättar om det samt vad dessa berättelser säger om just individ och kollektiv.

Bakgrund: I Sverige ställer lagen högre krav på de bedömningar som görs av arbetsförmåga än vad som kan genomföras med dagens befintliga bedömningsinstrument. I samband med att begreppet arbetsförmåga började användas växte WAI (Work Ability Index) fram och började användas i Finland under 1980-talet. WAI används på både grupp- och individnivå för att bedöma befintlig och framtida arbetsförmåga i relation till nuvarande arbete. Syfte: Att undersöka vilken betydelse WAI har i Finland för att identifiera tidiga tecken på ohälsa hos arbetstagare samt hur resultatet kan användas i utformandet av insatser/interventioner. Metod: För att kunna ta del av upplevelser kring användandet av WAI genomfördes sex intervjuer med personal inom den privata företagshälsovården i Finland.

This paper is an assessment of whether the Nordic countries constitute an optimum currency area (OCA) or not. Hodrick Prescott-­?filtered data of real Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and rate of employment are used to investigate the similarity of business cycles between the target countries through a series of correlation analysis with Sweden as the base reference country and also by using a linear regression model. Additionally there is an evaluation of trade volume and labour mobility between the countries. Our results indicate that Iceland had the least similar business cycles within the Nordic countries and that the area should therefore possibly comprise Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden. .

The purpose of this study is to map out and to analyze the spatial variation of female representation at the national level in established democracies. The aim is also to explain the variation in the female representation. The main questions that the paper tries to answer are:1.How does women representation in established democratic parliaments vary?2.Why does women representation in established democratic parliaments vary?This study is a comparative and statistic study, i.e. a study that includes a bigger number of countries and where quantitative analysis methods are used in order to achieve comparative analyses.

Syftet med arbetet har varit att se hur Sverige respektive Finland har implementerat MKB-direktivets bestämmelser avseende kraven på redovisning av alternativ i en MKB. Syftet har även varit att genom att studera redan upprättade MKB:er i Sverige och Finland, analysera hur alternativkraven tillämpas i praktiken. Av särskilt intresse har varit att se om implementeringen av alternativkraven i de bägge länderna har resulterat i några skillnader avseende vilka alternativ som redovisats och hur de har redovisats. Metoden som använts i arbetet för att uppnå dessa syften har varit den rättsdogmatiska metoden och den komparativa metoden. Utifrån arbetet har vi kunnat dra slutsatsen att trots att det föreligger tydliga skillnader i Sveriges respektive Finlands genomförande av MKB-direktivets alternativkrav, tycks resultatet bli att den faktiska redovisningen av alternativen i de upprättade MKB:erna i allt väsentligt är den samma.