In this thesis, the flows of reactive nitrogen (Nr) in Scania were investigated and quantified. The thesis was also intended to form a basis for comparison between the urban nitrogen flow and other flows of nitrogen within Scania. The management of nitrogen in society has disturbed the natural nitrogen cycle. This is linked to a series of environmental problems such as eutrophication, acidification, global warming and smog. The method used was Substance Flow Analysis (SFA) for Nr. For calculation and flow charts Scania was divided into three subsystems; air, water and society.

The purpose of this study is to increase the understanding of activities, flows and waste in a company's production process. By performing a value stream analysis, non-value adding activities are identified in a production process and then the suggested improvements that can reduce lead times will be stated. The value-stream mapping identifies the flow of information and the flow of material in a production process and this provides the basis for the identification of non-value adding activities.We conducted the study at Lammhults Möbel AB in Lammhult Sweden, where the production flow of Spira-21 has been investigated. This to identify any non-value adding activities that affect the flow negative and consumes time and money in a non-value adding way.A reasonable approach for the project was taken by studying the methodologies and theories. We conducted interviews and site surveys at Lammhults Möbel AB where the flow of information and material in the production process were investigated.

The purpose of this thesis is to through the analysis of interviews with finance professionals in listed companies answer the question on what lies behind capital structure decisions, and to see how well the prevailing theories fit the answers. This article is an explorative and descriptive hypothesis creating study. We have used a qualitative method to analyse practice through theory. We have conducted telephone interviews with CFO:s and financial executives in Swedish listed companies on how they reason when they make capital structure decisions. We have then thoroughly reviewed the theory and empirical tests of the theories.

We were commissioned by Bulten Stainless AB to identify and analyze their customer order flow. Because the company had problems with delays in the production and deliveries to the customer, the task also included investigation of how the company work with prevention and management of delays. The purpose of the project also included to identify critical factors for effective order flow in smaller workshop companies.The information about the flow and how the work takes place within the company were collected through observations on the company and interviews with the staff. This information was used to draw maps over the customer order flow and to write a description of the current situation within the company. Both strengths and weaknesses of the companies work could be identified through analysis of the present situation.

 This report deals with thecollaborative project between FagrellProdukt Utveckling AB and studentsfrom the Faculty of Science andTechnology at Uppsala University. Theoverall objective of the project wasin addition to developing students'abilities, to help Fagrell withverification and development ofFagrells prototype, Fundamental flowreactor, for flow chemistry. Theuniqueness of Fagrells flow reactor isthat it should be simple andaffordable compared to competing flowreactors in the market.The verification was done bylaboratory and simulation sessions.The verification shows that Fagrellsidea on how to construct a flowreactor is very good.The development included bothtechnology and business. The result ofdevelopments can be helpful for thecommercialization of Fagrell flowreactor..

An information audit identifies, among other things, organizations information resources, the information flow and the needs of the information users. The purpose of this masters thesis was to describe the management of information within a local unit of Borås municipality by putting an information audit-method in practice. The focus was on three issues: What information needs could be seen in the organization? How does the information flow through the organization? How does Sugan Henczels seven-stage model serve as a tool to map the management of information within the local unit? The study only described the situation at a certain time at the chosen organization. The seven-stage information audit model was revised and adjusted to the studied organization by only carrying out four of the seven steps: Planning, Data collection, Data analysis and Data evaluation.

The investigation was initiated because of the high workload of the sellers and, additionally, because the Tunadal sawmill has received low ratings in customer surveys. Thus,  two main approaches are adopted here,  the first being to investigate which of the three methods  of working, namely, market divided flow organization, function organizationand flow organization with collaboration, proves to be the most beneficial. The second is to investigate whether there is an available method to ease the daily work. A literature review has been made in order to determine more efficient ways for the sellers to work in the Tunadal sawmill. During the investigation, an in-depth investigation into the total quality management using a balanced scorecard as a management tool was conducted.

Title: The appraiser?s choice of valuation method ? factors that influences the choice of company valuation methodsSeminar date: 04/06/07Course: Master thesis in Business Administration, 10 Swedish credits.Authors: Anne Benedicks and Veronica ÖbergAdvisor: Eron OxingProfession of category: Financial analysts, auditors and company lawyers.Key words: Company valuation, valuation methods, cash flow analysis, comparative valuation, the net asset value method.The Main Issue: What is of decisive importance when choosing a special company valuation method?Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to identify, analyse and evaluate the most common methods of valuation for financial analysts, auditors and company lawyers and those factors that influences the choice of method.Method: A multiple survey has been implemented for the actual profession categories. Primary data was collected through semi-structured interviews and a questionnaire survey.Theoretical: The theoretical frame of reference is based upon the paper?s dependent variable, i.e. the role of the appraiser.

The purpose of this project is to study Partab's material distribution process, furthermore identify critical problem areas within the company. Further the aim is to provide suggestions to new work procedures regarding material distribution and related processes. Appropriate literature has been used as a support in this process. The main goal of a commercial company is to generate cash flow, and maximize the return on investment. Streamlining material supply and the use of material is a part of this process. Virum and Persson define logistics as: "Logistics is the approach and principles founding the process of planning, development, coordination, organisation, management, and control of material distribution from supplier to user".

Objective: The study will investigate whether cash liquidity have a negative affect on profitability and share value of companies, listed on Nasdaq OMX Stockholm 2008-2011. Part of the purpose is also to show if the industry risk is of importance for treasury management of these companies.Method: The methodology for the study is key analysis through hypothesis testing and regression analysisConclusion: The liquidity ratio affects profitability in a negative direction on the entire sample. No other conclusion can be drawn..

 Efter den finansiella krisen 2007 har allt fler företag problem med likvida medel. Detta medför att riskerna för sena eller uteblivna betalningar ökar. En av de branscher som drabbats hårdast är träindustrin. För tillfället har många större företag inom branschen blivit tvungna till konkurs. Detta har en direkt påverkan på branschens underleverantörer som sätts i en försämrad situation. Syftet med denna uppsats är att utifrån empirin beskriva och genom valda teorier förklara hur underleverantörer inom den trärelaterade industrin hanterar risken för sen eller utebliven betalning.

I Sverige aktualiserar cash pool-system särskilda aktiebolagsrättsliga frågeställningar, beroende på att lån till aktieägare som huvudregel är förbjudna. Vid en prövning av de undantagsmöjligheter som ges uppstår särskilda bedömningsproblem när ett företag som äger aktier i det utlånande aktiebolaget har sitt säte utanför det Europeiska Ekonomiska Samarbetsområdet (EES). Omfånget av förbudsregeln och dess undantag vid likviditetshantering är i detta hänseende oviss. Det är därför nödvändigt att klargöra omfattningen av förbudet och utreda vilka krav aktiebolagslagen ställer på svenska aktiebolag som avser att delta i en cash pool..

The government appointed in 2004 a special investigator with the objective to investigate the possibility of introducing a new law concerning implementation of obligatory cash registers with certain certification. This resulted in SOU 2005:35 ?Krav på kassaregister - Effektivare utredning av skattebrott? (Proposition 2006/07: 105). Following advice received from the respondents, the government has drafted a bill submitted to parliament in March 2007. Government bill 2006/07: 105 proposals for new law on cash registers, and submitted to parliament 2007th Act (2007:592) on the cash register was adopted by parliament in March that year and came into force on 1 January 2010.

Detta  examensarbete  undersöker  skillnaden  i  tre  olika  nybörjargruppers  upplevda flow  då  de  spelat  Magicka  (2011)  med  motståndarantal  som  den  enda  skiljande variabeln.   Undersökningen   baseras   bland   annat   på   Csikszentmihalyis   (1990) flowteori och Caillois (2001) teori om att tävlande slutar vara roligt då det  urartar i kaos.  Syftet  med  examensarbetet  har  varit  att  hitta  när  mest  flow  uppstår  då nybörjare på Magicka (2011) spelar mot  en viss motståndartyp, samt om  detta flow bryts  när  för  många  motståndare  introduceras.  Undersökningen  har  visat  att  nio motståndare har resulterat i betydligt mer flow än tre, medan skillnaden mellan nio motståndare  och  18  har  varit  obetydlig.  Examensarbetet  har  dock  inte  lyckats kvantifiera  var  flow  övergår  till  kaos  med  den  testgrupp  och  motståndartyp  som använts.  Framtida  forskning  skulle  exempelvis  kunna  undersöka  på  vilket  sätt  ett varierande  motståndarantal  skulle  påverka  flow  för  en  mer  erfaren  testgrupp  som spelar mot andra motståndartyper..

Starting out as a minor form of amusement, the game industry has become one of the most lucrative andsuccessful in the entertainment business competing against giants such as television, movies and music.As the internal competition within the developer community grows companies work hard at discoveringnew ways to attract and keep customers. By having a playcentric approach focusing on user experiencethey hope to achieve that goal. This thesis describes the process of designing a game with focus on theplayer. We apply the concept of flow on game development and investigate through research throughdesign if we are able to create a game that keeps the player in flow.Play tests showed several elements such as control issues and too difficult challenges early in the game,affecting the possibility for players to experience flow while playing. These negative factors came to becalled flowleakers.