En sammanfattning av uppsatsen på maximalt 8000 tecken..

En sammanfattning av uppsatsen på maximalt 8000 tecken..

More than fifty percent of the world population today lives in cities, and the pressures of urbanisation are particularly present in developing countries. As landscape architects, it is important to gain knowledge about the effect of urbanisation and ways to prevent the negativities. Experiencing the effects in person in a developing country, as well as learning from and about other cultures, enhances the understanding for global situations. Dar es Salaam is located in one of the most rapidly urbanising regions in the world, which puts pressure on the environment and the humans living in it. Lack of means to regulate land development has led to a situation where expansion of unplanned settlements occurs, with spatial disorder as a consequence. This has in the extension led to a decreasing amount of publicly available and qualitative green spaces, and degradation of the few ones that exist. There are facts that strengthen the status of urban parks, which especially becomes relevant in developing countries where many people live in sparse and exposed conditions.

Possessory liens and legal liens are two securities that has been the subject of debate from legal scholars for quite some time. Possessory liens are often viewed as a weaker security compared to legal liens. However, upon closer examination it turns out that possessory liens in most cases provide the the same opportunity to sell the property withheld as security. This possibility makes possessory liens resemble, if not be identical to, legal liens. Both securities arise by operation of law and grant the right to both withhold and sell property in the event of non-payment.

In a dynamic and unpredictable reality, either rigid structures or silo architectures areappropriate ways to organize an agile organization. This thesis enlightens these relationsbetween Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) and an organization who acts in a varied andconstantly changing business environment. In other words, this thesis enlightens the question:?How suitable is SOA to organize the enterprise who will meet a constantly changing andheterogenic business environment?.The thesis presents a model where an efficient organization must be agile to be able to actquickly in the business environments with constantly changing desires, needs, expectations,desires etc. According to the same model a Service Oriented Architecture organizes theenterprise elements such as processes, resources, competences, responsibilities, informationsystems etc.

Since the 1990s, when the number of transnational companies increased, it has created challenges regarding the responsibility of human rights. As a response to these challenges the United Nations Human Rights Council (UNHRC) unanimously endorsed the new policy UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights (UNGP) in 2011. UNGP does not have the status av international law, yet simply as guidelines and its implementation is based on good will and voluntary efforts. Now, 10 years later, this study aims to get understanding regarding if UNGP is considered as norm by the Swedish Government, Volvo and Gothenburg Municipality. The material of the study consists of sustainability reports, annual reports and governmental documents with focus on human rights in relation to business published between the year of 2011, when UNGP was endorsed, until 2020.

Society and technology develop together in interaction processes. Because of the development of information technology, the Industrial society has been left behind in favor of a society where information is the key production factor, i.e. the Information society. In the Information society, social functions and processes are organized in networks. These networks integrate geographically separate markets to parts of a complex global economic system.

Uppsatsens syfte är att undersöka hur företag använder sig av den interna information som affärssystemet genererar. Vi i studien vill också studera skillnader mellan en teoretisk idealbild och praktisk användning. En kvalitativ fallstudie av Perstorp AB genomförts för att undersöka ovanstående. Den primära insamlingsmetoden var en besöksintervju. I studien presenteras ett urval av de befintliga teoretiska referenserna kring information, affärssystem och styrning, samt hur dessa hänger ihop inom ramen för studien.

The long-term external financing of a corporation is satisfied through the bond market where issues of index-linked bonds, which are discussed in this thesis, is one alternative. (Finnerty&Emery 2001) An index- linked bond is a debt instrument where the investor is guaranteed the principal and premium amount in real terms. As the bonds cash flows are indexed to the inflation this implies that the issuer of an index-linked bond assumes an inflation risk. Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to describe and examine corporate motives for choosing index-linked bonds as way of financing their business. Realization: Primary data was collected through interviews with corporate issuers of non-swapped index-linked bonds.

Information technology development has in recent decades had a major impact on retailing.Discount supermarket chains began to offer customers the possibility to shop without therequirement to do this over the counter, instead the customer could help themselves buyingthe products they wanted. Retailing today has an even greater focus on the self service in thesupermarkets, recently many retailing chains has introduced self-checkout systems toincrease the profits and reduce staffing requirements. In the 1960?s the start for today's ecommercewas founded, however the development took off 30 years later in the beginning of1990. During the first years of 2000 the consumption on the Internet increased rapidly.

Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to give a contribution to the studies of what strategies those are of importance for challengers in consumer technological markets aiming for the market leader position. To be able to investigate this phenomenon we have chosen to study Microsoft?s second position in the video game console industry. In addition, we want to illuminate Microsoft?s competitive advantages, how Microsoft can take advantage from Sony?s setbacks and what strategies those are of importance for Microsoft in the battle of becoming the market leader.

Syfte: Syftet med den här uppsatsen är att undersöka om det finns anledning att göra skillnad på organisationer i forskning om kunskapshantering. Syftet med den här uppsatsen är också att besvara om och i sådana fall hur och varför hanteringen av kunskap skiljer sig mellan organisationer i offentlig sektor och organisationer i privat sektor. Metod: Studien har en kvalitativ ansats, då en sådan lämpade sig bäst för att besvara uppsatsens syfte. Semistrukturerade intervjuer användes som datainsamlingsmetod. Intervjuerna genomfördes med en organisation från privat sektor och en organisation från offentlig sektor. Utifrån den teoretiska referensramen analyserades empirin. Slutsatser: Båda organisationerna arbetar med kunskapshantering även om det ofta sker på ett omedvetet sätt. Vilka aktiviteter de ägnar sig åt som kan klassas som kunskapshantering sker därför undermedvetet och ger inte de effekterna på organisationen som de skulle kunna få.

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) refers to adjusting corporate goals so that they are not only based on maximizing corporate profits, but include ethical standards on socially desirable behavior (Boatright, 2008). Even though many companies have integrated CSR into their business operations, there are still many issues that are difficult to tackle. Especially Multinational Corporations (MNCs) in the global business environment face many challenging situations due to the fact that they often have linkages to countries where the local government is either unwilling or unable to take care of its responsibilities. MNCs often find themselves with increased responsibilities when they start solving some of the issues that earlier have been the sole responsibility of states. A specific case situation discussed in this paper is related to ?conflict minerals?.

En sammanfattning av uppsatsen på maximalt 8000 tecken..

Skogsvårdsorganisationen startade en rikstäckande utbildningskampanj under 1999 kallad Grönare Skog. En viktig del av kampanjen utgjordes av de demon­ strationsområden som planerades och färdigställdes under våren 1999. För de landskapsavsnitt där demonstrationsområdena förlades krävdes ett fördjupat underlag med avseende både på kulturella och biologiska faktorer. Syftet med examensarbetet var att ta fram planeringsunderlag på landskapsnivå för de aktuella områdena i form av temakartor över t.ex. lövskogsandel och nyckel­ biotoper, att studera den historiska förändringen av lövskogens utbredning samt att genomföra en analys med avseende på skogens ekonomiska nuvärde.