Vårt syfte är att undersöka om och hur budgetens roll skiljer sig åt mellan en offentlig och en privat hälso- och sjukvårdsorganisationer. Vi har baserat vår uppsats och våra slutsatser på intervjuer, som vi gjort på Blekingesjukhuset i Karlskrona och S:t Görans sjukhus i Stockholm. Vi har gjort intervjuer på fyra till fem olika nivåer i båda organisationerna, för att få ett djup i vår undersökning. Vi har kommit fram till att det finns stora skillnader mellan det offentliga sjukhuset och det privata sjukhuset. Den största skillnaden fann vi vara budgetuppföljningen, men att det inte finns någon större skillnad mellan sjukhusen på lägre nivå, däremot på högre nivåer kan vi urskilja relativt stora skillnader.

Syfte: Uppsatsens syfte är att söka en förståelse för hur budgetprocessen kan tänkas vara utformad hos några utvalda privata företag idag samt vilka syften som budgeten uppfyller hos dem. Vidare söks en förståelse för vilka för- respektive nackdelar som företagen upplever med budgeten.Metod: I uppsatsen har en kvalitativ undersökningsmetodik använts. Primärdata har samlats in via semistrukturerade intervjuer med fyra utvalda företag, Sandvik MT, Boliden, Electrolux och Volvo. Även sekundärdata i form av böcker och vetenskapliga artiklar har legat till grund för undersökningen.Slutsats: Sandvik MT, Boliden och Electrolux tillämpar en årlig traditionell budget vilken de kompletterar med kvartalsvisa prognoser. Volvo å andra sidan tillämpar enbart ett prognosförfarande där prognoser tas fram månadsvis för fyra månader framåt.

Syftet med uppsatsen var att undersöka hur begreppen tillgänglighet och förebyggande i skollagen 2010:800 andra kapitlet 25 § beskrivs implementeras i grundskolekuratorers och en skolsocionoms arbete samt att granska budget på stats-, kommun- och förvaltningsnivå som berör skollagens fastställande av elevhälsa. Empirin utgjordes av enskilda intervjuer och olika officiella dokument. Intervjurespondenterna var fyra grundskolekuratorer och en skolsocionom. Dokumenten var i form av fem grundskolekuratorers arbetsbeskrivningar, deras procentuella tjänstgöring och elevantal på de skolor de arbetar samt budget på stats-, kommun- och förvaltningsnivå. Frågeställningarna var: Hur beskrivs lagens begrepp tillgänglighet och förebyggande av skolkuratorerna och skolsocionomen? Hur skildras fem grundskolekuratorers arbetsbeskrivning och hur skildras deras tjänster i procent i förhållande till det antal elever de ansvarar för? Hur beskrivs det i budget att stats-, kommun- och förvaltningsnivå har bidragit till implementeringen av lagen i elevhälsan? Vi använde oss av kvalitativ metod med kodning och komparativ analys.

Budgeten fyller en viktig funktion i Frigoscandias planering och styrning och fungerar som en handlingsplan över hur resurser skall fördelas. Risken finns dock att budget leder till att kortsiktiga mål prioriteras på bekostnad av långsiktiga samtidigt som det är en kostsam process. Istället kan ett företag värdera sin verksamhet utifrån icke-finansiella aspekter med hjälp av ett performance measurement system, som exempelvis BSC, för att kunna fånga den komplexitet och mångfald som råder i ett företag. Syftet med uppsatsen är därför att beskriva och analysera hur ekonomistyrningen kan förbättras med hjälp av ett BSC i ett företag, inriktat på lagringsverksamhet, vars nuvarande styrverktyg är budget. För att uppnå vårt syfte valde vi att använda oss av en kvalitativ metod, då den djupare förståelse vi sökte av vårt ämne ej skulle kunna uppnås med en kvantitativ undersökning.

The goal of this project was to make the requirement process at the Swedish Coastguard more effective. The first step to achieve this was done by locating bottle necks in the process with value stream mapping method. The result of this study showed that the biggest restriction in the requirement process was while examining older requirement documents to understand what elements were suitable for the particular project. This was followed by a study of literature, interviews and theory of Lean Production with the ambition to investigate how the requirement process was handled on other companies and how to improve the process on the Swedish coast guard. This led to a number of potential enhancements of the process which later was evaluated.

The purpose of ?The Lake? was to create an experience with music and visuals working with no budget.A personal purpose was that I wanted to explore new areas in design, like scenography, and combine them with my previous knowledge and skills. My method was to keep my hands busy at all times and use new materials. I also wanted to work with other creators and learn from their methods. Together with a musician I created the music and the concept for the project.

Networking is an important part, for organizations, in the recruitment process. This since the emergence of Internet networking has become more common and the organizations finds that networking is applied more frequently in the recruitment process. Organizations have noticed that networking often is a more cost efficient option compared to traditional recruitment. Since networking in the recruitment process has increased, we intend to investigate if and how it affects the composition of organizations. This thesis aims to examine networking in the recruiting process, and aims to make no differences between networking offline and online.

Title: The battle of the budget ? Communication in a modern policy (Slaget om budgeten ?Kommunikation inom den moderna politiken)Numbers of pages: 39Author: Niclas KarlssonTutor: Peder Hård af SegerstadCourse: Media and Communication studies CPeriod: Autumn 2009University: Division of Media and Communication, Department of Information Science,Uppsala University.Purpose/Aim: The purpose of the paper is to see how Minister of Finance Anders Borg andthe Social Democratic economic spokesman Thomas Östros communicate their messages tothe public.Material/Method: The material is the minutes of the budget debate in the SwedishParliament. The method is rhetorical analysis and content analysis.Main result: Trust making is very important for both of them, especially when the financecrisis reached Sweden. The most common rhetorical quality is ethos.Keywords: Strategic political communication, rhetorical analysis, political trust..

Background: Budgets has always been a main factor for the management of organisations. Yet, lately has the role of budgets been increasingly questioned. But how is an organisation managed without budgets and what other alternatives can be used? And can these instruments work more effective?Purpose: The purpose of this essay is to describe how non-budget management distinguish compare to traditional management and how to design an effective non-budget system of management. Furthermore we intend to explain the reasons to such management and to present a model for how such a management can be performed.Research method: Empirical material has been performed based on seven interviews with persons within Svenska Handelsbanken.

The goal of this project was to make the requirement process at the Swedish Coastguard more effective. The first step to achieve this was done by locating bottle necks in the process with value stream mapping method. The result of this study showed that the biggest restriction in the requirement process was while examining older requirement documents to understand what elements were suitable for the particular project. This was followed by a study of literature, interviews and theory of Lean Production with the ambition to investigate how the requirement process was handled on other companies and how to improve the process on the Swedish coast guard. This led to a number of potential enhancements of the process which later was evaluated. Requirements written by different people in different organizations were analyzed in order to sort out if there were some similarities? which could be used as standard elements in a future standardization of the process.

Automatic rumination measuring can be applied as a health indicator in dairy farming but is also highly desirable for research purposes. This study aimed to validate the technical functionality of the product RuminActTM, which employ acoustics to monitor rumination duration. The time budget of high yielding cows was studied and possible differences in rumination time between 13 rations were interpreted. Further the study examined what affects daily rumination and rumination efficiency. The validation was performed with direct observations that were compared to the automatically recorded rumination durations.

An increasing demand for wood products in China has resulted in large areas invested in fast-growing tree plantations of eucalyptus. Eucalyptus plantations are often associated with an intensive management including fertilization. By understanding the effects of fertilization and where in the ecosystem nutrients are accumulated a more sustainable forest management could be achieved. In this study, a nutrient budget including all biomass and soil components was created for Eucalyptus urophylla. The examined nutrients were nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium.

BackgroundToday a common approach to solve a complicated problem is to assemble a temporary workforce in order to solve the problem by working together within a project. One of the difficulties with working in projects is to maintain the planned budget. Working hours and costs are often exceeded. Many companies presume that any certain project will succeed, a presumption that leads companies not to anticipate risks involved in a project. In companies today there is seldom time for evaluation or moderation of a project, in order to have time for evaluation there is a great need for an adequate planning of the project.IntentThe intention with this study is to create a model for planning, budgeting and evaluation of projects within consultancy companies.MethodWith the help of interviews and discussions within the group Hamnar och Byggkonstruktioner at Sweco has evidence to present a proposal on planning, budgeting and monitoring been developed.ResultsA model has been developed to ease for consultancy companies to plan, budget, monitor and evaluate projects.

Denna studie behandlar begreppen process och produkt. Syftet är att genom ett hermeneutiskt perspektiv undersöka några bildlärares syn på begreppen process och produkt i bildundervisningen på högstadiet. Tidigare har fokus legat på elevers färdiga produkt men idag är bedömningen i bildämnet mer fokuserad på elevers process (Skolverket, 2012:3). Undersökningen genomfördes genom  kavlitativa intervjuer. Intervjufrågorna är förankrade i Lindströms (2002:4-5) process- och produktkriterier.

The study aims to illustrate how women victims of male violence in intimate relationships are treated during the legal process and with professional perspective describe what women?s experiences considered to be in the legal process. The study also aims to draw attention to the interventions for abused women during the legal process.The results are based on interviews with professionals in the justice system, and on observations in the courtroom. Overall our results show that abused women are in need of a great quantity of help and support before, during and after the negotiation. The legal process is very stressful for the women.