Aim The purpose of this research is to study the need and the importance of marks in secondary school. The reason is to find out the students' perception of how they are motivated. Furthermore, how students experience the assessment and grading in physical education.What attitudes do students have towards the mark in the subject physical education in 6th and 9th grade, also how does SOC affect their attitudes towards marks?What kind of motivational significance do marks in physical education have in 6th and 9th grade based on their SOC?How do the students experience the assessment in grading in 6th and 9th grade based on their SOC?Method The data was collected with a quantitative approach. The sample consisted of four classes from 6th grade and five classes from 9th grade; all from two different schools in the county of Stockholm.

The assessing of student texts is an ordinary and important task for teachers, and the purpose of this study is to investigate, analyze and discuss which aspects of writing that particularly have an effect on the assessment of the student texts. The aspects in focus are: contents, genre, text length, paragraphing, sentence structure and choice of words.The data is drawn from six texts in the national test in Swedish for the 9th grade. Thetexts are analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively regarding contents as well as language.The results show that the qualities of language influence the assessment more than the qualities of contents. Both word variation index and the number of long words increase in relation to raising marks. Uncommon words are also more frequent in texts which receive higher marks.

The cadastral index map is a great benefit to the surveying and governments. The map's main purpose is to show how the overall cadastral division looks in Sweden. The lack of quality of the cadastral index map dose not allows property-owners to know where to draw the boundary between their and others' property. In order to know where to find the boundaries between two properties, is it up to the property-owners themselves (self or in company by the other property-owner) to construct various usucaption at the boundaries. The main objective of the study is to verify the existence and extent of usucaption on forest properties in Bodan, a village outside Skellefteå.

Positive action is measures that usually constitute discrimination but which are justified when achieving the purpose of an effective equality between people of the society. Positive action regarding gender is regulated in primary law, secondary law and case law of the EU whereas positive action regarding other discrimination groups is regulated in secondary law and negligible regulated in case law.There is a boundary between positive action and discrimination. Primary law gives little guidance on determine that boundary. Secondary law provides more advanced guidelines of how to determining were the boundary is.When determining were the boundaries lays between positive action and discrimination the guidelines given by the European court of justice in case law can be used. The majority of these guidelines are focused on positive action regarding gender.

`When one does not have what one wants, one must want what one has´: `I have had, you see, to resort more and more to very small, almost invisible pleasures, little extras....You´ve no idea how great one becomes with these little details, it´s incredible how one grows. ´ The aim of this master thesis is to find words and expressions that can accompany city phenomenas as well as the people wandering through the space which is defiened as city. Through this tentative search a new term was found namely Urban Settler Marks. This term started a journey and an attempt to theoretisize why people have a need for various spaces to put their Urban Settlers Marks onto. My focus was drawn to electrical boxes in the urban environment because of their ambigious nature.

Central labour market actors have come to an agreement ? Sweden is going to need labour migration. In spite of the agreement the actors disagree upon how the labour migration should be designed. This essay examines how the union organisation, LO presents labour migration in their rapports during the years 2000-2006. This is done through Laclau and Mouffes discourse theory and a merge with postcolonial theory.

The aim of this paper is to examine whether the theory of cosmopolitan democracy provides a satisfactory solution to the boundary problem in democratic theory. I argue that David Held's version of cosmopolitan democracy rests on two incompatibleprinciples: the all-affected principle and the all-inclusive principle. However, the theory does not need to presuppose both these principles; it requires only one of them.Furthermore, I try to show that both of these principles fail to provide an adequate solution to the boundary problem. The all-inclusive principle suggests that all citizens of the world should be included in a global democratic unit. I argue that such an ideal is not desirable since it conflicts with the principle of subsidiarity and withdraws from regional political communities their sovereignty.

För närvarande pågår ett uppmärksammat fall i EG-domstolen. Målet handlar om Marks & Spencer, en brittisk varuhuskedja, som önskar dra av förluster i moderbolaget som tidigare uppkommit i dotterbolag belägna i andra medlemsstater. Den brittiska lagstiftningen tillåter dock inte förlustutjämning över nationsgränserna vilket Marks & Spencer anser utgöra en inskränkning av EG-fördragets etableringsfriheter. Den brittiska skattelagstiftningen anses till stor del vara lik den svenska och därmed kommer domen i Marks & Spencer att få stor genomslagskraft även i Sverige.Argumentationen från EU-ländernas regeringar är att bestämmelserna anses berättigade fastän det utgör en inskränkning av etableringsfriheten. Motiveringarna är bland annat att bestämmelserna rättfärdigas med hjälp av territorialprincipen, skattesystemets inre sammanhang samt att det annars skulle leda till minskade skatteintäkter.

Bakgrund      Skogsmaskiner har under många år förstört både fornlämningar och gränsmärken. Idén till databasen/tjänsten uppkom av egna erfarenheter vid en förrättning, där flertalet gränsmärken hade blivit överkörda av skogsmaskiner. Syfte              Examensarbetets syfte är att lyfta fram en ny idé för att minska skadorna på fornlämningar och gränsmärken som skogsmaskiner orsakar, samt hur lägesnoggrannheten påverkar den nya tjänstens ändamål.Metod           Examensarbetet består av en litteraturstudie med syfte att besvara och ge en bakgrund till problemställningen. För att undersöka hur vanligt det är att lantmätare/mätingenjörer stöter på att gränsmärken blivit skadade av skogsmaskiner genomfördes en enkätundersökning. För en djupare inblick av lägesnoggrannheten på utrustningen i skogsmaskiner och vilken kvalitet på koordinaterna som krävs för en mer ändamålsenligt tjänst gjordes en intervjustudie.Slutsats         De uppgifter som finns tillängliga idag ska vara användbara när det gäller fornlämningar, för en ändamålsenlig tjänst som ska fungera ute i skogen där lägesnoggrannheten inte alltid är den bästa.

The following essay or thesis is a study over scientific endeavors in the fringe. It is a study of Riksorganisationen UFO-Sverige, whose proponents aim to make the UFO phenomenon (or phenomena) a subject of scientific scrutiny. To achieve this, the ufologists first have to redefine common concepts of ufology as pseudo science or religion, mainly by challenging definitions given by scientific sceptics on the one hand, and proponents of conspiracy theories or the new age environment on the other. Thus UFO-Sverige seeks to construct an alternative scientific identity in contrast to adversaries on both sides, each unwilling to give the UFO phenomenon any further examination. Following the work of Tomas Gieryn's sociological grip on questions of epistemology, especially concerning the social boundaries of science from other cultural categories through what has been labelled as epistemic boundary work, during which proponents of a particular field aim to achieve epistemic authority and thus the legitimate right to define what is and what is not science, I seek to analyze how questions of science and legitimacy are actualized in an intellectual environment or culture not broadly accepted as scientific.

The following essay or thesis is a study over scientific endeavors in the fringe. It is a study of Riksorganisationen UFO-Sverige, whose proponents aim to make the UFO phenomenon (or phenomena) a subject of scientific scrutiny. To achieve this, the ufologists first have to redefine common concepts of ufology as pseudo science or religion, mainly by challenging definitions given by scientific sceptics on the one hand, and proponents of conspiracy theories or the new age environment on the other. Thus UFO-Sverige seeks to construct an alternative scientific identity in contrast to adversaries on both sides, each unwilling to give the UFO phenomenon any further examination. Following the work of Tomas Gieryn's sociological grip on questions of epistemology, especially concerning the social boundaries of science from other cultural categories through what has been labelled as epistemic boundary work, during which proponents of a particular field aim to achieve epistemic authority and thus the legitimate right to define what is and what is not science, I seek to analyze how questions of science and legitimacy are actualized in an intellectual environment or culture not broadly accepted as scientific.

Bakgrund: EG-domstolens förhandsavgörande i Marks & Spencer målet har väntats utgöra ett efterlängtat besked kring problemen med gränsöverskridande resultatutjämning. Genom en prejudicerande verkan är domen betydelsefull för samtliga länder som tillämpar liknande koncernbidragsregler som Storbritannien och påverkar härmed även svenskt rättssystem.Marks & Spencer fallet: I Storbritannien finns regler som möjliggör koncernbolag att utjämna vinster och förluster inom koncernen med villkoret att förlusten inte gäller ett utländskt dotterbolag. Marks & Spencer begärde att få göra just ett sådant koncernavdrag och menade att reglerna strider mot EG-fördragets fria etableringsrätt.Syfte: Uppsatsens syfte är att klarlägga vilken betydelse EG-domstolens utslag i Marks & Spencer domen har för svensk rätt.Metod: Uppsatsen tillämpar den traditionella rättsdogmatiska metoden, varmed avsikten är att beskriva, förklara och analysera gällande rätt.Analys och slutsats: EG-domstolen konstaterar att den brittiska lagstiftningen strider mot etableringsfriheten, men att denna inskränkning är berättigad då syftet är legitimt och motiverat av tvingande hänsyn till allmänintresset. I det aktuella fallet strider det dock mot proportionalitetsprincipen att inte medge avdrag då det utländska dotterbolaget uttömt möjligheterna att i hemviststaten utnyttja förlusten i dåtid, nutid och framtid.Domen efterlämnar ett tvetydigt budskap där den Europeiska Unionens önskvärda utveckling påvisas samtidigt som en mycket långtdragen rättfärdigandebedömning stärker medlemsstaternas suveräna skattesystem gentemot den inre marknadens fria rörlighet.Någon omfattande revidering av svensk lagstiftning är inte aktuell utöver vad som gäller de mycket begränsade situationer som EG-domstolen anger. Påstötningen att den nationella lagstiftningen, under vissa kriterier, även skall omfatta koncernbolag med hemvist i andra medlemsstater visar dock vägen för en önskvärd utveckling som medlemsstaterna nu själva ansvarar för..

This Bachelor?s thesis focuses on those terms that, from a Swedish perspective, have to be fulfilled to entitle deduction for definitive losses in a cross-border merger situation. The thesis analyses one of the ten rulings from the Swedish Supreme Administrative Court which were published in 2009.The ruling is analysed in the light of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union, the merger directive and the Court of Justice rulings in Marks & Spencer and Lidl. The purpose is to examine if the Swedish rules concerning cross-border mergers is compatible with the EU-law. The Swedish rules concerning mergers are found in chapter 37 in the Swedish income tax act.

This essay examines the love affair between the two main characters of Rut Hillarp?s novel Sindhia. It draws attention to the schism between the Surrealist version of love as an extatic-religious fusion of the sexes ? that in a way marks the relationship ? and the yet remarkable coolness between the two lovers.With the theories of French psychoanalyst Jacques Lacan, I will show how the man and the woman project their unrealistic individual fantasies on each other, thus rendering impossible the Surrealist Meeting, with its road to an absolute reality. The Surrealist "l?amour fou", I will argue, is trapped in the ritualized "l?amor interruptus"; a lacanian term for a certain kind of love that wishes to conceal the fact that desire will never find its object.

ABSTRACTThe fauna of the Lower Cambrian is far from fully understood, as is the environment of that epoch. Some of the most crucial moments in the history of evolution takes place during this epoch; the Cambrian explosion and the appearance of ecosystems as we know them. That makes it an important period to investigate. Doing so, the Lower Cambrian offers a lot of problems, one of which is that body fossils are seldom preserved. That has often left us with trace fossils to create an image of the Lower Cambrian life, but also some bedrock features such as ripple marks.The main purpose of this work has been to investigate the possibilities of relating the wave lengths and forms of recent wave-generated ripples to fossil ones, and also to evaluate the methods for that kind of comparison.