The gas turbines in the Swedish secondary reserve are reaching the end of their technical lifetime, hence alternative solutions need to be considered. One of the solutions thought to have the greatest potential is the use of so called consumptionreduction. By entering contracts with large consumers, agreements are made to reduce consumption in the event of major disturbances in the power system and thus being used as a secondary reserve. This thesis investigates the feasibility of consumption reduction as part of the secondary reserve. This has been achieved by developing a requirement specification for the disturbance reserve and by studying the technical and economic potential for consumption reduction among a range of consumers.The technical potential for consumption reduction that fulfils the requirements for participating in the secondary reserve are on average 750 MW in SE 3 and 98 MW in SE 4.

Det huvudsakliga syftet med denna uppsats a?r att belysa pa?ga?ende fo?rhandlingar om feminism och sexualitet i det samtida medielandskapet, med avstamp i Beyonce?s senaste produktioner samt den omga?rdande debatt som dessa genererat. Fo?r att genomfo?ra detta har jag, genom en diskursanalys, la?st sex stycken utvalda la?ttexter samt videor fra?n Beyonce?s sja?lvbetitlade skiva (2013) utifra?n ett antal feministiska teorier. Fokus ligger pa? de olika feministiska diskursernas tolkning utav kropp, sexualitet, struktur, agens och etnicitet i dessa verk.Resultatet av uppsatsen visar att de olika feministiska diskurserna har, ba?de historiskt och samtida, olika uppfattning om hur en kvinna fa?r vara sexuell i dagens medielandskap.

Research where personality in animals is studied is becoming more and more common. In this area there are different concepts like behavioural syndrome and animal personality and they usually talk about consistency in behaviour over time and situations. This consistent individual behaviour can be used as an indicator of how individuals can handle and adjust to new situations in the environment. Because of this, personality studies in animals are very important in animal welfare. In this study personality in dairy cattle in lose housing were studied.

The gas turbines in the Swedish secondary reserve are reaching the end of their technical lifetime, hence alternative solutions need to be considered. One of the solutions thought to have the greatest potential is the use of so called consumptionreduction. By entering contracts with large consumers, agreements are made to reduce consumption in the event of major disturbances in the power system and thus being used as a secondary reserve. This thesis investigates the feasibility of consumption reduction as part of the secondary reserve. This has been achieved by developing a requirement specification for the disturbance reserve and by studying the technical and economic potential for consumption reduction among a range of consumers.The technical potential for consumption reduction that fulfils the requirements for participating in the secondary reserve are on average 750 MW in SE 3 and 98 MW in SE 4.

Atlas Copco Tools develops and manufactures handheld industrial tools. Heat and surface treatments are used to provide the tools with certain properties. There are no routines for the choice of treatment or for how to specify treatment on drawings. Production documents that are sent for production abroad may not be clear enough. Some treatments are known as trademarks and there are no instructions for how to specify these on drawings and in CAD-models.The purpose of this master thesis work is to create recommendations for the procedure of choosing heat and surface treatment.

This study is an attempt to investigate religious perceptions and its development, function and connection to religious practise within the Swedish extreme metal scene. This is performed mainly by a qualitative method of investigation, studying lyrical content published on a number of extreme metal albums, thereafter relating the lyrical progression to the progession of the scene as a whole and also to the development of individual religious belief and practise.The lyrically expressed manifestations of religiosity within the extreme metal scene prove to be related to religious practise in some cases, most visibly in the Christian parts of the scene.The study also indicates that development of religious expression often is evident regardless of religious preference. This development also regularly relates to an increase in musical evolution and prowess often achieved with increased age and maturity.Musically and lyrically, the extreme metal scene displays transgressive attributes which assist both individual and group in the process of creating identity, meaning and individuality.Experiencing extreme metal, in concert or in the privacy of one´s own home, can be one way of perceiving spirituality in this modern age..

This report covers the conceptual design of a new one person hybrid vehicle that is to be fast and convenient to drive on the roads. The vehicle is most of all supposed to be used as a commute vehicle but can also be used at other occasions as well.During the work with this project the group has focused on three larger areas, the outer design (body), wheel chassis and an ergonomically designed interior. The group was not able to just create these parts in 3D to get a trustworthy vehicle, hence number of other components and details were also created to get a better entirety.The outer design starts with idea generation and sketches and ends with a 3D model which is rendered to show how the final product is going to look. The design of the body has been going on during the entire work process due to new ideas and improvements that seemed interesting and had to be changed.The wheel chassis also started with idea generation, research and sketches. It ended up with a simulated 3D model which later on was mounted on the vehicle body to show how the vehicle is going to perform during usage.

Background: Flavan-3-ols are polyphenolic phytochemicals belonging to the flavonoids. Flavan-3-ols are present in many higher plants and are particularly concentrated in e.g. Camellia sinensis (tea) and Theobroma cacao (cacao) and have got attention due to their antioxidative capacity. Many studies have been able to associate flavan-3-ol-rich foods to improved endothelial function. The aim of the present work is to review the scientific literature and evaluate the evidence for positive effects of flavan-3-ols on endothelial dysfunction in humans. Method: Scientific articles describing intervention and observational studies about flavan-3-ols and endothelial dysfunction, were searched for on http://www.pubmed.org.

Syftet med föreliggande studie var att undersöka vilken betydelse finlandssvenska kvinnors upplevda nivå av stress, självkänsla och emotion management (att kunna hantera de egna känslorna) hade för deras förmåga att anpassa sig till en ny tillvaro i Schweiz. Utöver detta syftade studien att klargöra vilka överlappningar som fanns mellan self-efficacy och dimensionerna i Black, Mendenhall och Oddou (1991) modellen över internationell anpassning. Fyra olika skalor användes för att undersöka relationen mellan anpassningsförmåga och variablerna ovan. Resultatet baserat på 35 respondenter visade att anpassningsförmåga korrelerade både med självkänsla och self-efficacy (tilltro till sin egen förmåga). Kvinnorna skattade anpassningen till livet i Schweiz som ringa krävande, hade låga stressupplevelser och en god självkänsla.

The gas turbines in the Swedish secondary reserve are reaching the end of their technical lifetime, hence alternative solutions need to be considered. One of the solutions thought to have the greatest potential is the use of so called consumptionreduction. By entering contracts with large consumers, agreements are made to reduce consumption in the event of major disturbances in the power system and thus being used as a secondary reserve. This thesis investigates the feasibility of consumption reduction as part of the secondary reserve. This has been achieved by developing a requirement specification for the disturbance reserve and by studying the technical and economic potential for consumption reduction among a range of consumers.The technical potential for consumption reduction that fulfils the requirements for participating in the secondary reserve are on average 750 MW in SE 3 and 98 MW in SE 4.

Svenskorna är kända världen över för att vara både modemedvetna och trendkänsliga. Vi läser trendtidningar, modebloggar, och älskar att shoppa. Åren efter gymnasiet kanske vi läser vidare eller skaffar oss ett jobb utan kvalifikationskrav. Detta gör att vi föredrar att handla våra modeplagg så billigt som möjligt. Såkallat ?fast fashion?, plagg med hög trendfaktor som bara används en säsong, är det som säljer allra bäst just nu.

Denna uppsats försöker utreda vilken roll etnicitet spelar i det som betecknas som ett gängkrig i Köpenhamn. Hösten 2008 har ett stort antal skottlossningar ägt rum på Köpenhamns gator, och huvudaktörerna är Hells Angels /AK81 och en rad geografiskt baserade gäng.Vårt tillvägagångssätt har varit att analysera mediers och polisens agerande, men vi har också lagt stor vikt vid insamling av material genom intervjuer med respondenter från Blågårdsplads, Hells Angels, AK81 och Black Cobra. Vi har analyserat detta material med stöd av teorier kring hur etnicitet kan konstrueras och utnyttjas, häribland primordial, socialkonstruktivistisk och instrumentalistiska etnicitetsuppfattningar.Etnicitet har spelat en central roll i konflikten. Medier och polis har genom sin framställning av konfliktens parter bidragit till att konstruera etniska skiljelinjer i konflikten, linjer som primärt går mellan ?invandare? och danskar.

Denna studie belyser svårigheten för teknik och virtuell geografi att nå ut till mottagaren genom en kartläggning av e-postens geografi. För att skapa förståelse och fånga den osynliga processen bakom e-postens geografi  utgår uppsatsen dels från teorin Actor Network Theory (ANT) och dels från intervjuer.Under studiens gång uppstod ny förståelse för e-postens komplexitet och ledde fram till en reviderad syn. I början av uppsatsarbetet betraktades e-posten enbart utifrån sin funktion som aktant och intermediarie men i takt med att undersökningen fortgick framkom att den samtidigt, utöver dessa funktioner, fungerar e-posten som ett heterogent nätverk med betydelsefulla komponenter såsom aktörer och aktanter. Enligt uppsatsens konklusioner är e-postens trajektoria beroende av den strategi som producenten använder under skapandet av elektroniska meddelanden. Ett kontinuerligt arbete mellan producent och konsument krävs för att e-postens trajektoria ska upprätthållas och leda fram till att det elektroniska meddelande som löper igenom det virtuella nätverket når sitt syfte..

A growing need to strengthen ones position on the market, even as a city in competition with other cities, has resulted in an increasing number of municipalities developing brand platforms. When the city of Umeå developed their platform, they identified decision makers and investors as one of four important target groups.The aim of this study is to explore the portrayed image of the city of Umeå in two Swedish trade journals which addresses the specific target group decition makers and investors in both public and private sector. The aim is also to compare the image of Umeå in the two papers, to the ambition of the municipality, expressed in the brand platform.In order to make the observations as firmly established as possible, the method of the study is a combination of a quantitative content analysis and a qualitative text analysis. The study draws on the theories of Eli Avraham and Philip Kotler, concerning how to improve city images and how to market a specific city among others. The study shows that the city of Umeå in large extent is portrayed in accordance to the ambition which the municipality expressed in the brand platform.Umeå is displayed as an expanding city.

This essay discusses the width of the late medieval desertion of farms in Sweden from an archaeological perspective. The object of the essay is to investigate if archaeological investigations and research during the last 10-15 years have changed the view of the late medieval desertion in relation to the Scandinavian research project on deserted farms and villages.The essay also deals with questions on causes to the desertion and when desertion occurred. An ambition of the essay is also to give a general picture of archaeological investigations during the last 10-15 years considering the late medieval desertion. The analyses-material consists mainly of reports from archaeological investigations.Most of the investigations analysed in this essay are investigations of single farms. Because of this it is natural these investigations do not say much about the width of the desertion.