The purpose of this study is to investigate whether it is possible for SCA to update their stand register with use of digital aerial photos photographed with a Zeiss/Intergraph DMC. ?Updating? in this study implies the delineation of stands and estimating stand variables such as average stand height, volume density, stand volume, and tree species composition in order to identify stands which can be of current interest for thinning. The study also includes how the aerial photo material and experience of the interpreter can influence the quality of the interpreted variables. The aerial photo interpretations were made by both experienced and inexperienced interpreters.

Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to analyze and evaluate essentialprerequisites for companies and corporations aiming at marketingglobal brands in a restricted market.Method:The investigation strategy used for this essay was to perform a casestudy on the Islamic Republic of Iran. Both primary data ? such as asurvey, interviews and participating observation ? and secondarydata ? found in books, scientific articles and the internet ? have beenused to achieve the results. The gathering of empirical data wasperformed inside the Islamic Republic of Iran during two weeks inNovember 2007 in three different cities: Tehran, Ispahân and Bâbol.This was carried out by considering several theories: globalbranding strategies, brand equity, involvement theory andcommunication models.Results: The outcome of this essay show several factors that should be takenin consideration in relation to marketing global brands in Iran. Manycompanies have chosen adaptation as their promotion? and productstrategy because of countless rules and restrictions hindering globalmarketing.

SammanfattningKandidatuppsats i nationalekonomi, Ekonomihögskolan vid Växjö universitet.Nationalekonomi, NAC 346, Vårterminen 2006Författare: Christina Nilsson och Helena StareHandledare: Håkan Locking och Klas SandénTitel: Hur kommer det sig att de verkställande direktörerna har så hög lön? ? Ett empiriskt test av tre teorierBackgrund: Verkställande direktörers ersättning har länge gett upphov till debatter runt om i världen. Detta eftersom deras lön ökar allt mer och skapar en allt större klyfta till de övriga anställda. I Sverige år 2000 tjänade näringslivets toppchefer 46,4 gånger mer än industriarbetaren.Syfte: Att kontrollera om någon av de tre teorierna, neoklassiska teorin, turneringsteorin samt agentteorin, kan ge någon förklaring till varför löneersättning är så hög som den är. De vi undersökte i denna uppsats var följande hypoteser: Hypotes A: En verkställande direktörs ersättning varierar med 1) företagets storlek, 2) företagets prestation, 3) den verkställande direktörens ålder, 4) den verkställande direktörens utbildning, samt 5) den verkställande direktörens anställningslängd i företaget.

Distributionen av elektricitet bedrivs i Sverige som naturliga monopol av lokala nätägare. Regleringen av företagens intäkter har genomgått stora förändringar; från att ha varit en kostnadsbaserad reglering, har nu en modell med nätägarnas prestation i fokus tagits i drift: Nätnyttomodellen (NNM). Prestationen mätes i huvudsak av hur stor kundnyttan är, där en av aspekterna är distributionsnätens tillgänglighet. NNM konstruerar ett radiellt referensnät med en annan struktur, än vad det verkliga nätet har. Rapporten beskriver NNM allmänt och tillförlitlighetsmetoden i modellen mer utförligt.

There are several energy systems in the Swedish society and to ensure the comfort and health of the citizens it is of importance that the different energy systems are functioning properly. District heating is one of these energy systems and many household depend only on district heating to warm up their homes. District heating is dependent on several processes where every step needs to function in order to deliver the produced heat to the end consumer. Previous studies have investigated the distribution of district heating and how to make customers choose district heating as their heating method. The supply of fuel to the district heating plant has not been studied as much, even though it is an important part of the whole system. This thesis is a part of the project NORD-STAR (Nordic Strategic Adaption Research), which has focused on climate adaption in the Nordic countries.

Ungulates are causing conflicts between stakeholders due to browsing damage on forests and agricultural crops. At the same time there is a big demand of keeping high ungulate densities for sports hunting and recreational purposes. Movement patterns of ungulates are strongly correlated with forage availability. Therefore, measures affecting forage quantity and distribution might be a tool to reduce the economical losses in forestry without decreasing the ungulate densities and thereby decrease the conflict between different interest groups.This study investigated the potential biomass production and utilisation of marrow-stem kale (Brassica oleracea var. medullosa), at game fields in Misterhult, Sweden, as well as browsing effects on adjacent forests.

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is one of the major neurodegenerative diseases, causing an ascending paralysis that usually kills the patient within a few years from disease onset. The motor neurons show aggregates of proteins which in approximately 20 % of cases of the familial form contain mutated SOD1 protein. Trehalose is a disaccharide which has been shown to reduce protein aggregation and increase viability in cell models and alleviate symptoms in animal models of several neurodegenerative diseases associated with protein aggregation. When given orally to the SOD1G93A mouse model of ALS, trehalose failed to slow down the disease progression, which has led to questions about the uptake and distribution of the molecule in this mouse strain. The aim of this study was to investigate whether significant levels of trehalose reach the central nervous system of the SOD1G93A mouse after oral administration. This was performed by a trehalose assay of the brain of trehalose treated animals. A glucose assay was optimised for use in small samples of brain lysate after the digestion of trehalose into glucose by trehalase, and the difference in glucose concentration before and after digestion represented the trehalose level.

Demands on businesses are constantly increasing and the competition in the market-place is becoming ever tougher. To gain the long-term confidence of customers, not only the best businesses, but also the best supply chains are required.Volvo Cars is experiencing a changing competitive situation and their retailers are having trouble stocking the right spare parts. Shorter product life cycles and the growth of Volvo?s product program result in an increase in the number of spare parts to be stocked. In order to adapt to market trends and meet customer demands, Volvo has developed the LDC model, establishing a number of regional warehouses in strategic locations in Sweden, de-signed to supply spare parts to the regions? retailers through so-called Vendor-Managed In-ventory (VMI).The purpose of the study is to examine Volvo personbilar Sverige?s (VPS) motivation for a modified customer-service strategy through LDC.

Purpose ? The purpose of this thesis is to develop a total cost model for container transports and create a tool that calculates a suitable transport quantity from an economic view, which fulfills the demands on delivery service. To achieve this purpose the following questions will be answered:Which costs are affected by the decision between the two transport alternatives LCL and FCL?   How does the decision of sending product LCL or FCL influence the delivery service?  How can a tool be constructed to simplify the decision-making process regarding the choice of sending products LCL or FCL?  Method ? A total cost model was developed. This model is supported from existing literature.

The electrical grid needs to be changed in the future in order to manage more distributed and renewable generation and also to make it possible for electricity consumers to be more active and aware of their electricity consumption. This future grid is usually referred to as a smart grid. With the transition to a smart grid, new challenges occur. One method to determine those challenges is to perform risk and vulnerability analyses. InStockholm, the new urban district Stockholm Royal Seaport is built.

Denna uppsats utgår från en fallstudie av ett företag som arbetar med IT-distribution. Studiens syfte var att genom undersökningar av tre nivåer av kultur kartlägga och undersöka vad som kännetecknar företagskulturen. Detta gjordes genom intervjuer med företagets ledning, dokumentgranskning och observationer.Utifrån denna kartläggning analyserades resultatet utifrån Edgar Scheins tre nivåer för kultur. Dessa tre nivåer kan liknas vid en pyramid där grundläggande antaganden utgör pyramidens bas, uttalade värderingar befinner sig i mitten av pyramiden och artefakter bildar pyramidens topp. Därefter undersöktes det hur företagets kultur kunde relateras till Daniel R.

Uppsatsens titel: Utformning av ett balanserat styrkort - En fallstudie på Lindabs svenska filialerKurs: Examensarbete, Civilekonomexamen, Controller, 30hp (4FE03E)Lärosäte: Ekonomihögskolan vid Linnéuniversitetet, VäxjöFörfattare: Martin Andersson och Stefan KesakHandledare: Elin Funck Examinator: Lars-Göran AidemarkDatum: 2012-05-26Nyckelord: Balanserat styrkort, Benchmarking, Prestationsmätning, Strategi, Försäljning, Filialverksamhet Bakgrund: Lindab är en internationell ventilations- och byggkoncern som är uppdelad i de tre affärsområdena Ventilation, Building Components och Building Systems. Försäljning och distribution av Lindabs produkter sker främst via egna filialer. Studien fokuserar på de svenska filialerna och utgår från Lindabs önskemål om att få hjälp med att förbättra sin prestationsmätning samt öka jämförbarheten mellan filialerna.Syfte: Uppsatsen syftar till att utforma ett balanserat styrkort för Lindabs försäljnings- och distributionsfilialer i Sverige för att ge förutsättningar för en bättre kontroll och styrning av deras prestationer och öka jämförbarheten mellan filialerna.Metod: Vi har genomfört en fallstudie på Lindabs svenska filialer med en abduktiv forskningsansats. Det empiriska materialet grundar sig på intervjuer, filialbesök, samt externt och internt material.Resultat och slutsats: Vi har utformat ett balanserat styrkort som möjliggör bättre kontroll och styrning av filialernas prestationer genom att Lindabs vision och strategier har brutits ner i strategiskt viktiga mått i de olika perspektiven. Vårt styrkort skapar dessutom en balans mellan kortsiktiga och långsiktiga målsättningar, externa och interna prestations­perspektiv, finansiella och icke-finansiella mått samt mellan utfallsmått och drivande mått.

This paper concerns a comparative analysis between two pre-Roman burial ground and the cremated individuals buried there, Skogome cemetery in Bohuslän and Smörkullen cemetery in Östergötland. The comparative analysis consists of several parts that concern both cemeteries inner and outer burial customs, and the osteological analysis of a total of 18 cremated invidvidulas. By studying the different parts separately, it has been possible to identify similarities and differences between the two contemporary cemeteries. There are great similarities between the cemeteries, differences were mainly observed in the osteological material relating to the amount of bone in each burial. The smaller amounts of bone in the graves of Skogome also holds a higher degree of fragmentation, but can not be explained by a higher combustion rate than the skeletal material from Smörkullen.

Bakgrund: Prestationsmätning och utvärdering är ett ämne som varit under stor debatt desenaste årtiondena. Relevance Lost debatten som startades av Johnson och Kaplan i slutet av1980?talet, där den redovisningsbaserade informationen kritiserades som styrmedel, fickmycket stort genomslag i den amerikanska litteraturen. Nya teorier har under de senasteårtiondena växt fram som en lösning på de problem som kan uppstå när utvärdering skerbaserat på enbart finansiella mått. Framförallt de redovisningsbaserade lönsamhetsmåtten haren tendens att leda till beteendeproblem, något som fått samlingsnamnet ROI?beteende.Överensstämmer den amerikanska litteraturen med svensk praxis? Relativt lite forskning harskett inom området och vi finner det därmed av intresse att undersöka användningen i svenskatillverkande företag och presentera en mer nyanserad bild av användningen.Syfte: Syftet med studien är att kartlägga och beskriva vilka prestationsmått som används avföretag och vilka eventuella mät? och beteendeproblem som upplevs vid tillämpning avredovisningsbaserade lönsamhetsmått.

Time studies in dairy production are an essential tool when deciding about level of mechanisation and automatisation both in investment situation and improving efficiency in existing operations. In previous investigations such studies have been carried out during normal barn conditions during winter. Since there is a compulsory to have dairy cows grazing 3 to 5 months during summer time in Sweden time studies during this season is important to have a full picture of needed working time. During grazing season time studies was carried out at 14 dairy farms representing herd sizes from 66 to 450 dairy cows of which 6 farms with AMS. 8 farms were the same as studied during winter season.