The purpose of this study was to examine how school personnel describe and interpret the phenomenon bullying among girls, and also what their interpretations are based upon. More specifically its aim was to find out what characterizes and causes girl-to-girl bullying, according to school welfare officers and teachers. We wanted to find out how school personnel look upon aggression among girls and social expectations on girls behavior. The analysis was based on two kinds of perspectives: one focusing on gender and one focusing on power in relationships. Research shows that girl-to-girl bullying is hard to observe and that this problem has been invisible in earlier studies.

AimThe aim of this study was to examine the views on bullying in the context of physical education among pupils studying at intermediate level through a gender perspective.The following questions where used in the examination.In what ways does the views on bullying differ between girls and boys?How is bullying manifested during classes in physical education?How do girls and boys experience cross-gender and same-gender bullying?MethodThe study is based upon a survey with questions of both quantitative and qualitative disposition. A total of 210 pupils from areas in and around Stockholm participated in the study, all studying at intermediate level. The participants consisted of 92 girls and 116 boys (two declined). The selection of participating schools where made out of convenience.

Detta examensarbete belyser hur svenska skolor arbetar mot mobbning. Mobbning är ett stort problem som orsakar stor oro bland skolbarn. 1969 ville läkaren Peter-Paul Heinemann uppmärksamma mobbning då han upptäckte att många barn blev mobbade och att vuxna inte brydde sig. 1973 forskade psykologen Dan Olweus kring pojkars beteende kring mobbning. Detta var början till antimobbningsarbetet.Det finns ett flertal antimobbningsprogram och jag har valt att undersöka Friendsprogrammet och Olweusprogrammet.

The aim was to investigate three anti-racist groups of pupils, their thoughts about respectively their work against racism. The aim was divided into the following questions: - What is, according to the groups, racism and what does the situation look like at the schools? - What does the dynamics in the group look like? - What courses of action are the groups using and how can they improve their work? - How can the groups be described according to the terms work group and basic assumption group? To answer these questions I made three group interviews, one with each group. I analysed the results partly according to earlier research and literature, partly according to the group theory of WR Bion, using the terms work group and basic assumption group. My conclusion is that the word racism seems to have been affected by inflation, since the groups include bullying as well as anti-racists.

The aim of this study was to analyze discursive patterns in publications and attitude researches on bullying published by The Swedish National Agency for Education. The focus was largely on whether there is a pattern in the narration of how teachers and pupils are portrayed as perpetrators in a situation where bullying occurs. The empirical material of the study was acquired by use of a qualitative method where publications published between the years of 2002 and 2014 were selected. Dictums concerning teachers and pupils as bullies have been compared and surveyed where differences in how they were depicted was the object of analysis. To enable such a study, Foucault's theories on discourse and power were applied on the empirical material in the analysis.The result shows that bullying in general almost always refers to the pupil as the perpetrator while teachers are under-represented in the same context.

The aim has been to see if physical education (PE) is more an arena for bullying than swedish language education, in a swedish urban school. Furthermore to get an insight in the students sense of exposure to bullying in the locker room and during PE class. In the purpose is also included to analyse the answers in a gender perspective.Questions are: Is PE to wider extent an arena for bullying compared to swedish language education? Is the students? opinion that they feel worried about being and changing clothes in the locker room due to other students bad intentions? Do the students think that boys and girls bully in different ways?The method used is a questionnaire answered by 69 students in seventh and eighth grade in Åsö compulsory school. Furthermore, interviews has been made with a boy, a girl at the school and a teacher in PE to get a deeper insight above the questionnaire.Results of the study showed that the students to a wide extent, 100 % of the girls (g) and 89 % of the boys (b) thought that bullying can look different between PE and swedish language class.

The purpose of this study is to analyze the phenomenon of ?electronic bullying?, and furthermore to describe how this phenomenon is perceived by teenage girls with language disorders in combination with autism spectra. The conclusions and result from this study is derived from six in-depth interviews, thereof four being with girls with autism spectra diagnosis and all but one diagnosed with language disorder in addition (referred to as main respondents). The two reminding girls neither had language disorder nor autism spectra (referred to as comparing respondents). They were added to the study for the purpose of comparing their experiences and descriptions of those with language disorder and/or autism spectra diagnosis. For interpretation and analysis of study result, I have applied the method of phenomenology.                              The study?s main respondents had own experiences in the area of electronic bullying, albeit their level of knowledge of the subject were very limited and they had problems to interpret information given.

The purpose of this study was to show how two schools from a municipality in greater Stockholm work with a document called "likabehandlingsplan", literally ?plan for equal treatment?. This document is required by law in Swedish schools and a part of each municipality?s program. The goal of the study was to see how teachers and school principals view and work with the plan as a part of their work in preventing discrimination and offensive behavior, in particular in dealing with problems with bullying. The two schools? plans were compared for similarities and differences and how they chose to follow the municipality?s guidelines was examined.

Fotorealistiska 3d-bilder används idag inom ett brett spektrum av branscher. Framställningen av denna typ av grafik kräver ofta väldigt mycket datorkraft. Vid rendering med renderingsmotorer som använder sig av raytracing algoritmer är aliasing ett medfött problem. Lösningen heter anti-aliasing som arbetar för att undvika aliasing artefakter som jagged edges eller Moiré-effekter med mera. En del av anti-aliasingprocessen är supersampling som ofta kräver mycket datorkraft.

The purpose of the work is to highlight schools work to prevent bullying and abusive treatment, find out about schools work to prevent bullying and abusive treatment follow what is written in the governing documents and how schools can work preventively against the same. The questions have been investigated through qualitative interviews and analysis of documents or in the theoretical background. The interviewees and partially schools were selected through an arbitrarily selection. In each plan against abusive treatment states that the monitoring and evaluation should be conducted in a manner that is not consistent with the responses from leisure educator 1, 2 and 3. School B's plan does not contain an overview of the measures needed to prevent and stop abusive treatment of children.

With varied electoral success for anti-immigration parties across Western Europe, Sweden is often held as an example where anti-immigration parties have been less successful. This have caught the interest of many scientists around the world and have recently developed theories on a subnational level when testing Sweden?s municipalities, on why they have failed here but not in other countries. But in the election to 2010, Sweden now joins the rest of the Western-European countries in having an anti-immigrations party in the parliament.This paper has tested three theories on a Municipality that has shown evident support for the Sweden democrats, both in the local and the national election. This is done with a qualitative approach, made up from interviews with the local established parties.

Uppsatsen syftar att undersöka skolhälsopersonalens uppfattning av barns grupperingar och statusordningar, hur skolan och skolhälsopersonalen hanterar utanförskap och mobbing samt hur de arbetar med skolans värdegrund. Kvalitativa intervjuer genomfördes med anställda i skolhälsovården. Resultatet visar att skolhälsopersonalen har god insyn i barns statusordningar samt att statusarbetet är komplext. Två typer av popularitet framkom, den negativa populariteten karaktäriseras av en tuff attityd och ett manipulativt beteende. Den positiva populariteten karaktäriseras av hjälpsamhet och vänlighet.

Purpose/Aim: To examine whether or not there is such a thing as bloggbullying, and if so, how this manifests itself among female bloggers.Material/Method: To analyze the material, which consists of comments made on a total of 75 posts made on three different blogs, a quantitative method as well as a qualitative critical discourse analysis was used.Main result: Several similarities between Anatol Pikas definition of bullying and the results were found, and the conclusion is that there is such a thing as bloggbullying..

Previous studies have shown that teachers in school are having an insufficientknowledge about the bullying at their own school. These studies are based from pupils point of view at the senior level of the nine-year compulsory school. Based on this literature we became critical and wanted to examine this closer.The purpose of this essay was to find out and to examine how the staff in two different senior level of compulsory school notice, prevent and counteract bullying in their daily line of work. With this essay we hope to get the schools attention and understanding about this existing problem. We have done a qualitative study using qualitative method for collection of data.

Vectors based on lentivirus backbones have revolutionized our ability to transfer genesinto many cell types. Lentiviral vectors integrate into the chromatin of target cells and do not transfer any viral genes causing vector replication. Both of these features arecommonly used in gene therapy and have been used clinically in individuals sufferingfrom cancer, infections and genetic diseases. It has been discovered that T-cells can be genetically modified to be used as effective weapons against cancer: therefore virus mustbe produced to deliver the gene of interest into the T-cells. In this project, lentiviralvectors have been produced to transfer the gene coding for a chimeric antigen receptor(CAR) which is directed to CD19 on B-cells.