Problem: ICA arbetar med lojalitetsprogram och detta för att skapa långa och hållbara relationer till sina kunder. Företaget visar förståelse för att det inte räcker att enbart sälja produkter utan det krävs en relation till dess kunder. ICA skapade 2008 ett koncept vid namn ?Mina varor? vilket bygger på att ICA ger riktade erbjudanden till sina kunder utefter dennes tidigare inköpsbeteende. Vid lanseringen av ?Mina varor? riktades stor kritik mot ICA och dess sätt att hantera kundernas personliga integritet och att erbjudandena inte stämde överens med vad kunderna handlade.

Problem: How is management accounting change understood via the duality perspective in the field of alternative management accounting research?Purpose: The purpose of this essay is to develop a tool for analysis aspiring to provide understanding for how differences and similarities with regards to the duality perspective may have different consequences for understanding management accounting change.Contribution: This paper aspires towards a theoretical contribution through an in-depth review of existing conceptual literature. This is done to gain clarity in definitions and uses of concepts, with related terms, referring or relating to duality. Through clarifying different meanings of duality, consequences for how to understand management accounting change, and the different approaches to using a duality perspective, the tool for analysis which is developed in this essay aims to contribute to a movement of alternative management accounting research towards increased comparability as well as increased insight into how management accounting change is currently understood through this type of research.Method: Literature reviews based on Booth et al.s SALSA-framework. Creation of a tool for analysis for usage when reviewing material based on a duality perspective.Conclusions: The duality perspective differs, and affects understanding of management accounting change, in accordance with the following five themes:Theme 1: The duality perspective is affected by differences in the use of definitions/descrptions.Theme 2: The duality perspective is affected by different purposes of the agent and different credit given to the agents power/ability to alter change.Theme 3: The content of the duality perspective is affected by the existence and purpose off being inspired by different theoretical approaches.Theme 4: The duality perspective affects the idea and understanding of the form and expression/process of management accounting.Theme 5: Different duality perspectives have the ability to lead science against increased pluralism and/or synthesisIn order to increase understanding for and comparability between scientific contributions through a duality perspective there is to some extent a need for more and better definitions and a more problematizing when combining theoretical approaches.

Purpose: The purpose with this study is to see what the small limited companiesprefer of the alternatives to the statutory audit that has been created inthe others EU-countries. These alternatives can be current in Sweden tomaintain the credibility.Method: Quantitative procedure.Conclusions: By the result to judge from the small limited companies prefer the alternativeto the statutory audit where they do not need to hire further helpto complete the audit. That is probably why the bookkeeping agency hasbeen chosen to give a guarantee for quality endorsement..

Background and problemThe Swedish mobile market is highly competitive despite the oligopoly that currently exists. A short product life cycle together with fads and new innovations puts pressure on the operators to respond to the ever changing environment and to develop and adapt their strategies after it.As a previous study regarding a specific operator?s strategy was cancelled due to the extensive confidentiality surrounding it, an interest was sparked to perform an industry analysis as this is clearly something the actors spend a great deal of time on developing. The launch of the 4G network will offer new opportunities for the operators regarding products services. It may also impact the competition on the overall market.PurposeThe purpose of this thesis is to present a deep analysis of the industry and give the reader a comprehensive picture of existing conditions.

I början av 1990-talet så genomförde den borgerliga regeringen friskolereformen vilket in-nebar att det statliga monopolet upplöstes och att fristående skolor kunde konkurrera på samma villkor som kommunala skolor. Detta medförde att det ekonomiska ansvaret för gymnasieskolan övertogs av respektive kommun och att skolpengen infördes. Reformen har inneburit ökat antal skolor och hårdare konkurrens. Detta tillsammans med minskat elevan-tal har pressat skolorna till att optimera sin marknadsföring för att attrahera elever. Syftet med uppsatsen är att beskriva och analysera om det finns någon skillnad i hur kommunala respektive fristående gymnasieskolor arbetar med marknadsföring.

Kurs: 2FE73E, Examensarbete i företagsekonomi med inriktning marknadsföring, Ekonomihögskolan vid Linnéuniversitetet.Författare: Johanna Liikamaa & Erika GustafssonHandledare: Leif MarcussonExaminator: Richard OwusuUppsatsens titel: Förtroendeskapande mellan företag och kunder: en kvalitativ studie om hur sex svenska företag ser på förtroendeskapande gentemot kunder.Forskningsfråga: Hur arbetar svenska tjänsteföretag med förtroendeskapande gentemot kunder och potentiella kunder?Syfte: Syftet med denna uppsats är att bidra med en undersökning kring förtroendeskapande gentemot kunder. Vi har två delsyften, vilka är att klargöra och analysera hur företagen arbetar med kundrelationer och lojalitet.Metod: Studien baseras på kvalitativ metod, datainsamlingen har skett genom öppna telefonintervjuer med sex företrädare från företag. Resultat: Genom studiens intervjuer och dess resultat har vi kommit fram till att företag är beroende av förtroende från deras kunder. Våra informanter har återgett att förtroendeskapandeåtgärder är värt mycket och att utan förtroende kommer man inte långt i sitt arbete. Detta beror troligen på att det inte enbart är produkten eller tjänsten som står i fokus utan ?hela paketet? i form av service och förtroendeskapande åtgärder med mera.

AbstractTitle: The picture of Studenthälsan ? a focus group study of the image that students in Uppsala have of the organization and of how they look at the way the organization addresses them. Studenthälsans image - en fokusgruppundersökning omUppsalastudenternas bild av organisationen och dess sätt att tilltala demNumber of pages: 65 (73 including enclosures)Author: Sofie BackmanTutor: Göran SvenssonCourse: Media and Communication Studies CPeriod: Fall 2007University: Division of Media and Communication, Department of Information Science, Uppsala UniversityAim: The aim of this essay is to study the image that students in Uppsala have of Studenthälsan and its excersice department. This includes how the students perceive the organization?s way of communicating with them, both in terms of the marketing and their reception at the facilities, and what they would like to be different regarding this in the future.Method/Material: Together with literature studies, a qualitive method has been used and three focus group interviews with a total of 15 informants have been conducted.

The purpose of this work is to do an investigation on the customers in the pharmaceutical sector; mainly general physicians who have taken part in the education events have any impact in their prescription behaviour after the participation in the program. The settings for this study are general practitioners in the Swedish market who have taken part in the education program held by Novo Nordisk in the treatment of diabetes disease. Methodology: The methodological approach adopted for this work is quantitative; using secondary data from the internal database from the company. The analytical model is tested through statistical analysis using the data?s obtained from the databases.

AbstractTitle: Communications through Social media ? new challenges for organizations Kommunikation i sociala medier ? nya utmaningar för organisationerAuthor: Jenny Lilius Location: University of Kalmar Language: Swedish Number of pages: 46 (62 including appendix) Level: BA Thesis in media and Communications StudiesAim: The main purpose of this thesis was to explore what kind of challenges organizations face when communicating through social media. Because social media is a new phenomenon the thesis also examined how organizations active in Sweden today looks upon, defines, monitoring what is said about them and uses social media today.Method: The thesis was based upon the qualitative gathering of empirical facts. Through deep interviews with five organizations and literature studies the author was able to gather the results.Theories The analysis is primarily based upon theories about organizational communications such as PR, Rogers?s diffusions of innovations and the marketing mix.

Titel: Ett komplicerat förhållande - om relationen mellan lobbying och marknadsföringFörfattare: Pernilla Jansdotter & Emma JosefssonHandledare: Christine TidåsenNivå: Kandidatuppsats i Marknadsföring, 15 hp, VT 2011Nyckelord: Lobbying, PR, marknadsföring, tabu, marknadskommunikationProblemformulering: Hur använder företag lobbying ur ett PR- och marknadsförings-perspektiv och anses det vara en tabubelagd form av marknadskommunikation?Syfte: Syftet med uppsatsen är att undersöka och beskriva hur företag kan använda sig av lobbying ur ett PR- och marknadsföringsperspektiv samt hur allmänheten, företag och politiker ser på fenomenet.Metod: Uppsatsen är en kvalitativ studie med en abduktiv ansats. Sex semistrukturerade intervjuer med lobbyister och andra lobbyarbetare har genomförts. Ytterligare 20 mindre intervjuer med allmänheten samt en sekundärempirisk undersökning har utförts.Teoretisk referensram: Kapitlet inleds med en beskrivning av begreppet lobbying, hur kopplingen till PR och marknadsföring ser ut samt hur lobbyarbetet går till. Därefter beskrivs allmänhetens, politikers och företags inställning till lobbying.Empirisk studie: I empirin presenteras materialet från alla våra intervjuer samt vår sekundärempiriska undersökning.

It has become increasingly common for cities and municipalities to take greater account of the place marketing, and to see the physical location as a brand. An early step in this process is to make the image measurements of the place, in order to develop better marketing strategies. A method often used in tourism research for this type of measurements is Etchner and Ritchie's theoretical framework. The framework is initially designed to measure visitor's image of a tourist destination.Almost all previous research in this area is based on the visitor's perspective, but Olofsson and Skredsvik have used this framework to measure a location's image among the residents. They feel that the residents of a place can be seen as ambassadors of the place because they know the site well.

Today endless choices exist for a customer in the grocery store in terms of information, products, brands and prices. Consequently, it is important for retailers and brand owners to gain insights in how they can manage to break through the clutter to reach the customer. Displays that include some kind of motion element are assumed to possess an attention grabbing ability, which is a necessary first step in influencing the customer?s decision making. Therefore we have explored whether so called dynamic displays are efficient in grabbing attention and influencing customer behaviour.

Skärgårdsstiftelsen, which is responsible for several of the archipelago islands in Stockholm, has chosen to explore the possibilities for more sustainable heating systems in buildings on the islands in collaboration with KTH. A reduction of energy use and improving the efficiency of existing heating systems are included as part of the environmental work. This report studies the island of Grinda, which is located outside the area of Vaxholm in Stockholm. The study area consists of a guesthouse consisting of a restaurant as well as conference facilities and four neighboring cottages used for overnighting. The cottages now run solely on direct electricity, both for heating and hot water.

The aim of this thesis is to describe the customer?s attitudes toward the contracting for availability, i.e., which factors are from the customer?s perspective necessary for the fulfilment of a supplier-customer agreement? Furthermore, the objective is to describe and analyse a supplier-customer relation in the Defence Industrial sphere.The present study has been carried out as a case study using an abductive approach. The thesis is based on a practical problem, i.e. which factors will be important to the customer when a contractor in the Defence Industry wants to increase its commitment of service, and how will their relationship change? The thesis is above all focused on generating knowledge that can lead to rapid and concrete measures and that can be used in the analysis of an increased industrial commitment but also as a case study of a problem of a more general nature in the Defence Industry.

iPhone belongs to the group smartphones. It is a type of mobile phones that has a richer interface and allows more advanced preformences, i.e surfing the Internet and handling e-mails. This report outlines the work to develop an iPhoneapplication from idea to released product. The project is a thesis which was commissioned by ICA AB (a major Swedish grocery chain). The report includes how the work has been carried out in practice and theory.