Although English is commonly used in Swedish advertising, little is known about its effects. The purpose of this paper was to investigate how a Swedish or English language choice in product advertisements affects the effectiveness of the ad. Further, a local/global dimension of the advertisement was created to investigate how the results differ for local and global brands. Subsequently, an experiment was conducted where the effect of language choice on several well-established measures of ad effectiveness such as awareness, comprehension of the ad message, credibility, attitude and buying intentions was analyzed. In line with previous research, English in product advertisements is not completely comprehended since English is not the local language in Sweden.

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to identify problems that may occur in the execution of a civil engineering project and suggest measures to reduce the risk of errors. The study was conducted in cooperation with a civil engineering company in the Gothenburg area. During two weeks in February 2012, a field study took place on two construction sites where disruption and problems that took more than 15 minutes to correct were noted. During the field study we identified 39 such occurrences in the projects and then these were classified into different categories according to their cause.The two largest categories were "Design" and "Planning", which accounted for half of the errors that were discovered.In the study results were evaluated to decide whether it was possible to detect discrepancies at an earlier stage. The cost to fix an error in the design stage may be significantly less than to correct the problem in production.According to the evaluation, 55% of the errors could have been detected earlier if there was a greater degree of observation for such issues by everyone involved in the project.

Preventive measurements as well as clinical caries diagnostics are vital to retain a good dental health in the population. In order for optimal caries diagnostics radiographs are used. There is a great intra- and intervariation regarding cariesprogression. A large number of tools for cariesprevention at home or in the clinic are today used. The aim of this journal study was to compare the progression of carieslesions in the approximal area, diagnosed on radiographs, and preventive measures used to reduce cariesprogression between two examine dates on two dental clinics.

An energy calculation model for Swedish houses   that is fast, flexible and user-friendly has been developed within the   framework of this thesis.  The model   also provides a set of actions which may be investigated in the model based   on savings and payback period. Energy use in a house depends on the technical   conditions, such as building envelope and heating systems, which outdoor   climate the house is exposed to and who lives in the house. Energy use for a   house can be divided into heating, hot water and household electricity. There   are several methods to calculate the energy use of a house. This report   summarizes the methods that may be suitable for a fast and user-friendly   calculation model.

Kunskapen kring svensk torvmarksbeskogning är undermålig. En kunskapslucka som till stor del beror på att torvmark tidigare bedömts som ointressant mark i samband med skogsproduktion. Detta beror mycket på det svenska regelverkets restriktioner mot markavvattning och gödsling samt miljöaspekterna som berörs och den aktivare skötsel som krävs. Det ökade behovet av skogsråvara gör att skogsbruket söker nya marker där torvmarken har potential att etableras för skogsproduktion.Studien är en kunskapssammanställning som lyfter fram kunskap kring skogsbruk på svensk torvmark med fokus på föryngringsprocessen. Finland använder torvmarker i skogsbruket på ett sofistikerat sätt.

A large part of the daily life today means being active online and to take part in the interactions that occur there. The accessibility which social media brings, means that you can reach and be reached in several ways and there are many different ways in which information can be disseminated. Social media supports the learning process. The aim of this study is to examine how upper secondary schools students' use of social media and how it can be used as a tool for informal learning. Our study is based on the socio-cultural perspective where interaction and social cohesion is a big part.

Mergers and acquisitions are a phenomenon which can occur for a variety of reasons. It may for example be that the organizations want to gain larger market shares or to complement and learn from each other and thus become more competitive. After the completion of an acquisition or merger, a process is initiated to create an affiliation between the two companies' employees. The purpose of this paper is to examine whether there is something that management can do to make the integration process as efficient as possible. The empirical research in this paper consisted of interviews and surveys with respondents from two accounting firms that recently completed a merger.

A new type of device for measuring thev m& ?rate of fuel sprays from a diesel fuel injector has been developed and the various steps in the development are described. The device works by deflecting all of the sprays from the injector at the same time by using a bell shaped deflector. A load cell consisting of a machined steel part with strain gauges mounted on it measures the resulting force. The shape of the curvature in the deflector bell shape has been evaluated by photographing the flow in a 2D?version of the curve shape.

The object of the essay was to investigate the argumentation in the bill, the comments from unions and the authorities, among others and the motions concerning the bill. To analysis this argumentation I have been using feminist theory, specifically Carole Lee Bacchis ?What?s the problem?-aproach. I also used Maud Eduards and Diane Sainsbury to complete my theory. They describe men as the norm of the society and women as deviant.

Today there is a keen competition between regions in the world for companies and inhabitants in order to improve regional development and economic growth. In many regions there is an active effort to create a good home base for companies and inhabitants. Since 2003 municipalities in nine counties in Sweden have come together in co-operative agencies in order to work towards more efficient regional development.This essay focuses on the relation between the state and the co-operative agencies in the regional development policy and which possibilities the state gives the co-operative agencies to pursue an efficient regional development policy, both legally and financially. I have researched and analysed this through models and ideas on how the state governs the administration and through the translation theory. The result of my study is that the co-operative agencies have a relatively large amount of freedom to make there own priorities, but the ability to act efficiently within regional development is limited..

The aim of this essey is to examine how teachers´ work with individual development plans (IDP) can contribute to an intercultural leadership and inclusion. The interwied teacherss ay that IDP forces them to reflect critically on their thinking on aspects as learning methods, gender and ethnicity. It makes them listen to -and think - in new and more including ways to adapt to each pupils individual possibilities to achieve the curriculum standards within the common area. That requires lots of resources like extra teachers and new material.An active reflection can make ethnocentrism develop into intercultural competence. That is a listening, critical and diversified thinking prepared to deconstruct and create new ways of thinking in relation to different pupils and situations.

According to the Swedish Bankruptcy Act (SFS 1987:672) legal transactions can be reopened in cases of bankruptcy, if the transactions have been the cause of or were performed while the debtor was no longer solvent and thus harming the creditors. The legislations of the Bankruptcy Act chapter 4 §5 aim to protect creditors so that the debtor cannot withdraw their property in case of a forthcoming bankruptcy, as well as prevent creditors from taking measures against the debtor when the debtor is in financial difficulties. However, according to the Swedish jurisprudence there is a hierarchy as of according to which legal rules a legal transactions shall be enquired in case of bankruptcy. Firstly, a legal act must be valid, the transaction must thus be valid accordingly to either the law of contract, the law of property or according to the rules of corporate law. Each of these three legal areas have their own rules of annulment and any legal act has to be valid in accordance to any of the rules above before an action of reopening the transaction according to the Bankruptcy Act may be brought before a court.

This thesis is about how ideology affects the way leadership literature measures good and bad leadership qualities. The paper argues that ideological influences in leadership literature, from a teacher perspective, complicate the understanding of leadership in its practice and theory. The methodological tool used in this thesis is an idea- and ideology analysis approach applied on leadership literature that is used in teacher education. A theoretical discussion about the definition of leadership and its possible ideological connotations sets a frame for measuring ideological influences in the texts. The analysis from the textbooks showed clear signs of ideological influences when talking about leadership.

The use of digital technology in preschool has been a question aboutif it will be used. By the new curriculum for preschool, it now is a question about how it will be used. My experience shows that many pedagogues are still afraid that the children will miss the interaction whit other children when they are using digital technology.The aim of the study is to see if it is social for the children to use digital technology in preschool.This study is made by inquiry, qualitative interviews and observations.My result shows that children are social active with each other while using digital technology. Turn taking and time determines who will play and what the conditions are. The thesis concludes that children perform social interaction when using digital technology.

The shopping mall is a reflection of the city and its habitants, a concentrate of the modern city. I have studied the dialogues of malls and the communication within, how malls are put together and what they communicate. The city is constantly changing. As soon as we try to grasp the city, it slips away. My opinion is that city planners and landscape architects need to widen their views. City planning needs to develop to better fit to the changes of our modern cities.